? IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic way of naming organic chemical compounds. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences and alloys. ... The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System is used for the classification of drugs. ... A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ... PubChem is a database of chemical molecules . ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... The molecular mass of a substance (less accurately called molecular weight and abbreviated as MW) is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit u (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12). ... In pharmacology, bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered dose of medication that reaches the systemic circulation, one of the principal pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. ... Metabolism (from Greek μεταβολισμός metabolismos) is the biochemical modification of chemical compounds in living organisms and cells. ... The elimination half-life of a drug (or any xenobiotic agent) refers to the timecourse necessary for the quantity of the xenobiotic agent in the body (or plasma concentration) to be reduced to half of its original level through various elimination processes. ... Excretion is the biological process by which an organism chemically separates waste products from its body. ... The pregnancy category of a pharmaceutical agent is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical, if it is used as directed by the mother during pregnancy. ...

Barbiturates: Barbexaclone, Metharbital, Methylphenobarbital, Phenobarbital, Primidone The anticonvulsants, sometimes also called antiepileptics, belong to a diverse group of pharmaceuticals used in prevention of the occurrence of epileptic seizures. ... A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ... Barbiturates are drugs that act as central nervous system (CNS) depressants, and by virtue of this they produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to anesthesia. ... Barbexaclone (marketed in Italy as Maliasin by Abbott Laboratories). ... Metharbital was marketed as Gemonil by Abbott Laboratories. ... Methylphenobarbital (also known as mephobarbital) is marketed in the US as Mebaral by Ovation. ... Phenobarbital (also phenobarbitone) (Luminal®) is a weak acid with the chemical formula C12H12N2O3. ... Primidone, is an anticonvulsant of the pyrimidinedione class whose active metabolites, phenobarbital (minor) and phenylethylmalonamide (PEMA) (major), are also anticonvulsants. ...

Hydantoins: Ethotoin, Fosphenytoin, Mephenytoin, Phenytoin -- Oxazolidinediones: Ethadione, Paramethadione, Trimethadione Hydantoin, which is also known as glycolylurea, is a heterocyclic organic compound which can be thought of as a cyclic double-condensation reaction product of glycolic acid and urea. ... Ethotoin (marketed as Peganone® by Ovation) is an anticonvulsant drug used in the treatment of epilepsy. ... Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx®, Parke-Davis) is a water-soluble phenytoin prodrug used in only in hospitals for the treatment of epileptic seizures. ... Mephenytoin (marketed as Mesantoin® by Novartis) is a hydantoin, used as an anticonvulsant. ... Phenytoin sodium (marketed as Dilantin® in the USA and as Epanutin® in the UK, by Parke-Davis, now part of Pfizer) is a commonly used antiepileptic. ... The following are oxazolidinediones: paramethadione trimethadione ethadione Categories: Pharmacology stubs | Antiepileptics ... Trimethadione is an oxazolidinedione anticonvulsant. ...

Succinimides: Ethosuximide, Mesuximide, Phensuximide Succinimides are drugs that can be used as anticonvulsants. ... Ethosuximide is a succinimide anticonvulsant, used mainly in absence seizures. ...

Benzodiazepines: Clobazam, Clonazepam, Clorazepate, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Midazolam, Nitrazepam alprazolam 2mg tablets The benzodiazepines are a class of drugs with sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, amnestic and muscle relaxant properties. ... Clobazam is triazolobenzodiazepine, also known as a 1,5-benzodiazepine, meaning that its diazepine ring has its nitrogen atoms at the 1 and 5 positions instead of the usual 1 and 4. ... Clonazepam (marketed by Roche under the trade-name Klonopin® in the United States and Rivotril® in Europe, Brazil and Canada) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. ... Clorazepate (brand name: Tranxene®) is a member of the group of drugs called benzodiazepines. ... Diazepam (pronounced , marketed under brand names Valium, Stesolid, Seduxen Bosaurin and Apozepam)[1] is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. ... Lorazepam (marketed under the brand names Ativan®, Temesta®, Tavor®) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. ... Midazolam, (marketed under brand names Versed®, Hypnovel® and Dormicum®) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. ... Nitrazepam (marketed under the trade names Mogadon®, Nitredon®, Nilandron®) is a powerful hypnotic drug, which is a benzodiazepine derivative. ...

Carboxamides: Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine, Rufinamide -- Fatty acid derivatives: Valpromide, Valnoctamide Carboxamides are drugs that can be used as anticonvulsants. ... Carbamazepine (sold under the brand-names Biston, Calepsin, Carbatrol, Epitol, Equetro, Finlepsin, Sirtal, Stazepine, Tegretol, Telesmin, Timonil) is an anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. ... Oxcarbazepine (Marketed as Trileptal® by Novartis) is an anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. ... In chemistry, especially biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid often with a long unbranched aliphatic tail (chain), which either saturated or unsaturated. ... Valpromide (dipropylacetamide, α-propylvaleramide, Diprozin) is a carboxamide derivative of valproic acid that is considered safer to use than either valproic acid or sodium valproate. ... Valnoctamide has been used in France as a tranquilizer and muscle relaxant since 1964[3] and as an anticonvulsant since starting in 1969 in Portugal. ...

Carboxylic acids: Valproic acid (Sodium valproate & Valproate semisodium), Tiagabine -- GABA analogs: Gabapentin, Pregabalin, Progabide, Vigabatrin Structure of a carboxylic acid The 3D structure of the carboxyl group A space-filling model of the carboxyl group Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which has the formula -(C=O)-OH, usually written as -COOH. In general, the salts and anions... Valproic acid or 2-Propylpentanoic acid is CH3CH2CH2CH(CH2CH2CH3)COOH . ... Sodium valproate (INN) or valproate sodium (USAN) is the sodium salt of valproic acid and is an anticonvulsant used in the treatment of epilepsy. ... Valproate semisodium (INN) or divalproex sodium (USAN) consists of a compound of sodium valproate and valproic acid in a 1:1 molar relationship in an enteric coated form. ... Tiagabine is an anti-convulsive medication produced by Cephalon and marketed under the brand name Gabitril. ... Gaba may refer to: Gabâ or gabaa (Philippines), the concept of negative karma of the Cebuano people GABA, the gamma-amino-butyric acid neurotransmitter GABA receptor, in biology, receptors with GABA as their endogenous ligand Gaba 1 to 1, an English conversational school in Japan Marianne Gaba, a US model... Gabapentin (brand name: Neurontin®) was initially synthesized to mimic the structure of GABA for the treatment of epilepsy. ... Pregabalin (brand name: Lyrica®) is a new anticonvulsant drug indicated as an add on therapy for partial onset seizures and for certain types of neuropathic pain. ... Progabide (INN) is an analog of gamma-aminobutyric acid used in the treatment of epilepsy. ... Vigabatrin is an anticonvulsant that inhibits the catabolism of GABA. It is an analog of GABA, but it is not a receptor agonist. ...

Others:- Monosaccharides: Topiramate -- Aromatic allylic alcohols: Stiripentol -- Ureas: Phenacemide, Pheneturide Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates. ... Topiramate (brand name: Topamax®) is an anticonvulsant drug produced by Ortho-McNeil, a division of Johnson & Johnson. ... In chemistry, an aromatic molecule is one in which electrons are free to cycle around circular arrangements of atoms, which are alternately singly and doubly bonded to one another. ... An allyl group is an alkene hydrocarbon group with the formula H2C=CH-CH2-. It is made up of a vinyl group, CH2=CH-, attached to a methylene -CH2. ... In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which a hydroxyl group (-OH) is bound to a carbon atom of an alkyl or substituted alkyl group. ... Stiripentol (marketed as Diacomit by Laboratoires BIOCODEX) is an anticonvulsant drug used in the treatment of epilepsy. ... Urea is an organic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, with the formula CON2H4 or (NH2)2CO. Urea is also known as carbamide, especially in the recommended International Non-proprietary Names (rINN) in use in Europe. ...

Carbamates: Emylcamate, Felbamate, Meprobamate -- Pyrrolidines: Brivaracetam, Levetiracetam, Nefiracetam, Seletracetam Carbamates are a group of organic compounds sharing a common functional group with the general structure -NH(CO)O-. More precisely the carbamate group is considered an amide group with an alkoxy or hydroxy functional group next to the carbonyl group. ... Emylcamate (marketed as Striatran® by Merck) is an anxiolytic and muscle relaxant. ... Felbamate (marketed as Felbamol by MedPointe) is an anticonvulsant drug used in the treatment of epilepsy. ... Meprobamate (marketed under the brand names Miltown® by Wallace Laboratories and Equanil® by Wyeth) is a carbamate derivative which is used as an anxiolytic drug. ... Flash point 3 °C R/S statement R: 11 20/21/22 35 S: 16 26 28 36/37 45 RTECS number UX9650000 Related compounds Related compounds pyrrole piperidine Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and... Levetiracetam (brand name: Keppra®) is an anticonvulsant medication used to treat epilepsy. ... Categories: Stub | Substances of the piracetam group ...

Sulfa drugs: Acetazolamide, Ethoxzolamide, Sultiame, Zonisamide -- Propionates: Beclamide -- Aldehydes: Paraldehyde -- Bromides: Potassium bromide There are several sulphonamide-based groups of drugs. ... Acetazolamide, sold under the trade name Diamox®, is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used to treat glaucoma, epileptic seizures, benign intracranial hypertension and altitude sickness. ... Ethoxzolamide (6-ethoxybenzothiazole-2-sulfonamide, alternatively known as Ethoxyzolamide) is a sulfonamide medication that functions as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. ... Sulthiame (or Sultiame) is an anticonvulsant drug. ... Zonisamide (brand name Zonegran®) is an anticonvulsant used as an adjunctive therapy in adults with partial-onset seizures. ... The propionate (also propanoate) ion is C2H5COO− (propionic acid minus one hydrogen ion). ... Beclamide (marketed as Chloracon, Hibicon, Posedrine, Nydrane, Seclar, and other names) is a propionate and was used as a sedative and as an anticonvulsant. ... An aldehyde. ... Paraldehyde is the cyclic form of three acetaldehyde molecules (a trimer). ... A bromide is a phrase, or person who uses phrases, which have been used and repeated so many times as to become either insincere in their meaning, or seem like an attempt at trying to explain the obvious. ... Potassium bromide (KBr) is a salt, used as an anticonvulsant and a sedative in the 1800s. ...