NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Ethanolamine

Ethanolamine, also called 2-aminoethanol or monoethanolamine (often abbreviated as MEA), is an organic chemical compound which is both a primary amine (due to an amino group in its molecule) and a primary alcohol (due to a hydroxyl group). Like other amines, monoethanolamine acts as a weak base. Ethanolamine is a toxic, flammable, corrosive, colorless, viscous liquid with an odor similar to ammonia. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 582 pixels Full resolution (1100 Ã— 800 pixel, file size: 186 KB, MIME type: image/png) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ethanolamine ... IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... The molecular mass (abbreviated MM) of a substance, formerly also called molecular weight and abbreviated as MW, is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit u (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12). ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... In physics, density is mass m per unit volume V. For the common case of a homogeneous substance, it is expressed as: where, in SI units: Ï (rho) is the density of the substance, measured in kgÂ·m-3 m is the mass of the substance, measured in kg V is... The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid at a given pressure. ... The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES is a specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. ... An organic compound is any of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon, with exception of carbides, carbonates and carbon oxides. ... Ammonia Amines are organic compounds containing nitrogen as the key atom in the amine functional group. ... In chemistry, especially in organic chemistry and biochemistry, an amino group is an ammonia-like functional group. ... In science, a molecule is a group of atoms in a definite arrangement held together by chemical bonds. ... In general usage, alcohol (from Arabic al-khwl الكحول, or al-ghawl الغول) refers almost always to ethanol, also known as grain alcohol, and often to any beverage that contains ethanol (see alcoholic beverage). ... Hydroxide is a functional group consisting of oxygen and hydrogen: -O−H It has a charge of 1-. The term hydroxyl group is used when the functional group -OH is counted as a substituent of an organic compound. ... Acids and bases: Acid-base reaction theories pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Electrochemistry Acid-base extraction Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Superacids Lewis acids Mineral acids Organic acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases Superbases Lewis bases Organic bases edit In chemistry, a weak base is a... Toxic redirects here, but this is also the name of a song by Britney Spears; see Toxic (song) Look up toxic and toxicity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Flammable or Flammability refers to the ease at which a substance will ignite, causing fire or combustion. ... Corrosion is the destructive reaction of a metal with another material, e. ... Color is an important part of the visual arts. ... Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid to deformation under shear stress. ... A liquid will usually assume the shape of its container A liquid is one of the main states of matter. ... Odor receptors on the antennae of a Luna moth An odor or odour (see spelling differences) is a chemical dissolved in air, generally at a very low concentration, which we perceive by the sense of olfaction. ... Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. ...

Ethanolamine is commonly called monoethanolamine or MEA to distinguish it from diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA). Monoethanolamine is produced by reacting ethylene oxide with ammonia. Further treatment with ethylene oxide can yield DEA and/or TEA. Ethanolamine is the second most abundant head group for phospholipids, substances found in biological membranes. Diethanolamine, often abbreviated as DEA, is an organic chemical compound which is both a secondary amine and a dialcohol. ... Triethanolamine, often abbreviated as TEA, is an organic chemical compound which is both a tertiary amine and a tri-alcohol. ... The chemical compound ethylene oxide is an important industrial chemical used as an intermediate in the production of ethylene glycol and other chemicals, and as a sterilant for foodstuffs and medical supplies. ... Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. ... Phospholipid Two schematic representations of a phospholipid. ... It has been suggested that Net flux be merged into this article or section. ...

Ethanolamine also refers to a class of antihistamines containing an ethyl-amine group attached to a diphenyl structure. Examples of drugs within this class include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), phenyltoloxamine (Percogesic), and doxylamine (Unisom Sleep Tablets). They are one of the oldest classes of antihistamine drugs, yet remain the most effective for treating allergy symptoms, even exceeding the effectiveness of new OTC and prescription antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) and Fexofenadine (Allegra). However, all ethanolamines are extremely sedating, even more so than many barbiturates. For this reason, they are not always desirable drugs for treatment, and less-effective drugs are indicated to avoid the substantial drowsiness inherent in ethanolamines. On the other hand, they are such effective sedatives that they are marketed as over-the-counter sleep-aids in addition to anti-allergy medications. An antihistamine is a drug which serves to reduce or eliminate effects mediated by histamine, an endogenous chemical mediator released during allergic reactions, through action at the histamine receptor. ... Biphenyl (or diphenyl or 1,1-biphenyl or lemonene) is a solid organic compound that forms colorless to yellowish crystals. ... Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (trade name Benadryl, as produced by Pfizer, or Dimedrol outside the U.S.) is an over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine and sedative. ... Phenyltoloxamine is an antihistamine that has virtually vanished from the market. ... This article or section may be confusing or unclear for some readers, and should be edited to rectify this. ... Loratadine is a drug used to treat allergies. ... Fexofenadine hydrochloride (brand names include AllegraÂ® and TelfastÂ®) is an antihistamine drug used in the treatment of hayfever and similar allergy symptoms. ... Barbiturates are drugs that acts as central nervous system (CNS) depressants, and by virtue of this they produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to anesthesia. ...

Uses of monoethanolamine (MEA)

MEA is used in aqueous solutions for scrubbing certain acidic gases and is also used in surface active agents, emulsifiers, polishes, pharmaceuticals, corrosion inhibitors, chemical intermediates. In pharmaceutical formulations, MEA is primarily used for buffering or preparation of emulsions. Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... Dissolving table salt (NaCl) in water This article is about a chemical solution; for other uses of the term solution, see solution (disambiguation). ... The word scrubber can mean:- The part of a rebreather breathing set which absorbs the carbon dioxide which the individual using the breathing set breathes out. ... For alternative meanings see acid (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Aqueous solutions of MEA (solutions of MEA in water) are used as a gas stream scrubbing liquid in amine treaters. For example, aqueous MEA is used to remove carbon dioxide (CO₂) from flue gas. Aqueous solutions can weakly dissolve certain kinds of gases from a mixed gas stream. The MEA in such solutions, acting as a weak base, then neutralizes acidic compounds dissolved in the solution to turn the molecules into an ionic form, making them polar and considerably more soluble in a cold MEA solution and thus keeping such acidic gases dissolved in this gas-scrubbing solution. Therefore, large surface area contact with such a cold scrubbing solution in a scrubber unit can selectively remove such acidic components as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and CO₂ from some mixed gas streams. For example, basic solutions such as aqueous MEA or aqueous potassium carbonate can neutralize H₂S into hydrosulfide ion (HS^-) or CO₂ into bicarbonate ion (HCO₃^-). This article describes water from a scientific and technical perspective. ... A liquid will usually assume the shape of its container A liquid is one of the main states of matter. ... Amine gas treating is a means to remove organosulfur and other undesirable compounds from acid gas by contacting the gas with amine. ... Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms. ... Flue gas is gas that exits to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or channel for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, furnace, boiler or generator. ... Acids and bases: Acid-base reaction pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Acid-base extraction Acidity function Proton affinity Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Superacids Lewis acids Mineral acids Organic acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases Superbases Lewis bases Organic bases edit In chemistry, a base is... Neutralization is a chemical reaction, also called a water forming reaction, in which an acid and a base or alkali (soluble base) react and produce a salt and water. ... For alternative meanings see acid (disambiguation). ... In science, a molecule is a group of atoms in a definite arrangement held together by chemical bonds. ... â€œMultivalentâ€ redirects here. ... A commonly-used example of a polar compound is water (H2O). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Solution. ... This article explains the meaning of area as a Physical quantity. ... Hydrogen sulfide (hydrogen sulphide in British English), H2S, is a colorless, toxic, flammable gas that is responsible for the foul odor of rotten eggs and flatulence. ... Carbonate of potash redirects here. ...

H₂S and CO₂ are only weakly acidic gases. An aqueous solution of a strong base such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) will not readily release these gases once they have dissolved. However, MEA is rather weak base and will re-release H₂S or CO₂ when the scrubbing solution is heated. Therefore, the MEA scrubbing solution is recycled through a regeneration unit which heats the MEA solution from the scrubber unit to release these only slightly acidic gases into a purer form and returns the regenerated MEA solution to the scrubber unit again for reuse. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into base (chemistry). ... Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as lye or caustic soda, is a caustic metallic base. ...

Uses of monoethanolamine (MEA)

See also

External links