Ethnobotanists perform field research in indigenous lands, often spending prolonged periods of time in order to develop relationships with their subjects which allow them to study the tribal culture and, in turn, the traditional use of medicinal plants.
Ethnobotanists who are now promoting the use of an IPR system as a measure for promoting greater biodiversity have thus taken on the ethical system of yet another institution: environmentalism.
Ethnobotanists, and their host organizations, of the latter camp, argue for the promotion of biodiversity as a solution to ethical issues regarding benefits to indigenous research participants.
Ethnobotanists gather data mainly from living peoples in hopes of gathering a view of their past existence as well as an understanding of present uses of plants for food, medicine, construction materials, and tools.
Ethnobotanists of the "New Synthesis," the wholistic merger of all methods and theories (Ford 1978), often rely on several theoretical avenues in order to conduct their research.
From close contact with the plants, ethnobotanists are able to relate local and specialized plant taxonomies and study all the physical properties of the plants.
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