Etienne Gilson (1884-1978) was a French philosopher and historian, born in Paris. A philosopher is a person devoted to studying and producing results in philosophy. ... A historian is a person who studies history. ... The Eiffel Tower has become a symbol of Paris throughout the world. ...

Life

Gilson taught history of medieval philosophy from 1921 to 1932 at the Sorbonne, where he had previously studied, and then took the chair of medieval philosophy at the Collège de France. In 1929 he helped found the Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies at Toronto, Canada. Although primarily a historian of philosophy, he was also one of the leaders of the Roman Catholic neo-Thomist movement. He was elected to the French Academy in 1946. Medieval philosophy is the philosophy of Western Europe in the era now known as medieval or the Middle Ages, the period roughly extending from the fall of the Roman Empire to the Renaissance. ... The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th century engraving The Sorbonne today, from the same point of view The historic University of Paris (French: Université de Paris) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 reorganized as 13 autonomous universities (University of Paris I–XIII). ... The Collège de France is a higher education teaching and research establishment located in Paris, France. ... On the campus of the University of St. ... }|135px|City of Toronto, Ontario Official Flag]]|Coat Image=[[Image:{{{Coat Image}}}|135px|City of Toronto, Ontario Coat of Arms]]}} {{Canadian City/Disable Field={{{Disable Motto Link}}}}} Motto: Diversity Our Strength {{Canadian City/Location Image is:{{{Location Image Type}}}|[[Image:{{{Location Image}}}|thumbnail|250px|City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada Location. ... The Académie française (French Academy) is the pre-eminent French learned body on matters pertaining to the French language. ...

Work

Gilson took to analyzing Thomism historically. To Gilson, Thomism is not identical with Scholasticism, but rather a revolt against it. Gilson saw a break down of philosophy into a science which would signal man's abdication of the right to judge and rule nature, man made a mere part of nature, which in turn would give the green light for the most reckless of social adventures to play havoc with human lives and institutions. Against "systems" of philosophy, Gilson was convinced that it was the revival of the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas that opens the way out of that danger zone. Thomism is the philosophical school that followed in the legacy of St. ... Scholasticism comes from the Latin word scholasticus which means that [which] belongs to the school, and is the school of philosophy taught by the academics (or schoolmen) of medieval universities circa 1100 - 1500. ... Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225 – March 7, 1274) was an Italian Catholic philosopher and theologian in the scholastic tradition. ...

Gilson was a very prolific writer, and his many writtings on the history of philosophy, especially medieval philosophy, are widely read and discussed. The history of philosophy tracks the multitudinous theories which aim at some kind of understanding, knowledge or wisdom on fundamental matters as diverse as reality, knowledge, meaning, value, being and truth. ...

Publications

• La Liberté chez Descartes et la Théologie, Alcan, 1913.
• Le thomisme, introduction au système de saint Thomas, Vrin, 1919.
• Études de philosophie médiévale, Université de Strasbourg, 1921.
• La philosophie au moyen-âge, vol.I : De Scot Erigène à saint Bonaventure, Payot, 1922.
• La philosophie au moyen-âge, vol.II : De saint Thomas d’Aquin à Guillaume d’Occam, Payot, 1922.
• La philosophie de saint Bonaventure, Vrin, 1924.
• René Descartes. Discours de la méthode, texte et commentaire, Vrin, 1925.
• Saint Thomas d’Aquin, Gabalda, 1925.
• Introduction à l’étude de Saint Augustin, Vrin, 1929.
• Études sur le rôle de la pensée médiévale dans la formation du système cartésien, Vrin, 1930.
• L’esprit de la philosophie médiévale, Vrin, 1932.
• Les Idées et les Lettres, Vrin, 1932.
• Pour un ordre catholique, Desclée de Brouwer, 1934.
• La théologie mystique de saint Bernard, Vrin, 1934.
• Le réalisme méthodique, Téqui, 1935.
• Christianisme et philosophie, Vrin, 1936.
• Héloïse et Abélard, Vrin, 1938.
• Dante et philosophie, Vrin, 1939.
• Réalisme thomiste et critique de la connaissance, Vrin, 1939.
• Théologie et histoire de la spiritualité, Vrin, 1943.
• Notre démocratie, S.E.R.P., 1947.
• L’être et l’essence, Vrin, 1948.
• Saint Bernard, textes choisis et présentés, Plon, 1949.
• L’École des Muses, Vrin, 1951.
• Jean Duns Scot, introduction à ses positions fondamentales, Vrin, 1952.
• Les métamorphoses de la cité de Dieu, Vrin, 1952.
• Peinture et réalité, Vrin, 1958.
• Le Philosophe et la Théologie, Fayard, 1960.
• Introduction à la philosophie chrétienne, Vrin, 1960.
• La paix de la sagesse, Aquinas, 1960.
• Trois leçons sur le problème de l’existence de Dieu, Divinitas, 1961.
• L’être et Dieu, Revue thomiste, 1962.
• Introduction aux arts du Beau, Vrin, 1963.
• Matières et formes, Vrin, 1965.
• Les tribulations de Sophie, Vrin, 1967.
• La société de masse et sa culture, Vrin, 1967.
• Hommage à Bergson, Vrin, 1967.
• Linguistique et philosophie, Vrin, 1969.
• D’Aristote à Darwin et retour, Vrin, 1971.
• Dante et Béatrice, études dantesques, Vrin, 1974.
• Saint Thomas moraliste, Vrin, 1974.

External links

Gilson at the French Academy' website (in French) (http://www.academie-francaise.fr/immortels/base/academiciens/fiche.asp?param=596)