Eurabia is a neologism that denotes a scenario where Europe allies itself to and eventually merges with the Arab world. A neologism is a word, term, or phrase which has been recently created (or coined), often to apply to new concepts, to synthesize pre-existing concepts, or to make older terminology sound more contemporary. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Arab States redirects here. ...

In the critical context, the term was popularised by Bat Ye'or, who stressed the European-Arab hostility to Israel, and European (EEC) support for the PLO. Since then, its meaning has expanded and shifted. It is now primarily used to describe an alleged transformation of the European Union, where Islam and Sharia law become the dominant value systems, and where the population consists increasingly of Muslims. The term is generally used in combination with dhimmitude, another term introduced by Ye'or, denoting an alleged attitude of concession, surrender and appeasement towards Islamic demands. Bat Yeor (Hebrew: בת יאור) (meaning daughter of the Nile in Hebrew; a pseudonym of Gisèle Littman, née Orebi) is a controversial British writer specializing in the history of non-Muslims in the Middle East, and in particular the history of Christian and Jewish dhimmis living under Islamic governments. ... The European Community (EC) was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (Arabic Munazzamat al-Tahrir Filastiniyyah منظمة تحرير فلسطينية ) is a political and paramilitary organization of Palestinian Arabs dedicated to the establishment of an independent Palestinian state to consist of the... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... This article is about Islamic religious law. ... The word dhimmitude is a neologism, imported from the French language, and derived from the Arabic language word dhimmi. ... Appeasement is a policy of accepting the imposed conditions of an aggressor in lieu of armed resistance, usually at the sacrifice of principles. ...

There is no specific name for belief in the Eurabia scenario, and no official ideology of "Eurabia-ism." Those who see the scenario as true, generally believe that Islam is hostile to, and incompatible with, the values of the Western world, that there are substantial numbers of Muslims in Europe that their presence there is a deliberate strategy, that Muslims will form a demographic majority within a few generations, that all or most Muslims seek to Islamise Europe, and that part of the European political and cultural elite supports this goal. They are hostile to multiculturalism, which they see as part of the Eurabia strategy, and they are eurosceptic, since the EU is seen as implementing the strategy.^[1] Eurabia is used by some to denote a conspiracy, and their version can be described as a conspiracy theory: Oriana Fallaci referred to those behind the Eurabia strategy as "the biggest conspiracy that modern history has created".^[2] Occident redirects here. ... The population growth/decline of European countries The Demographics of Europe refers to the changing number and composition of the population of Europe. ... Islamicization is a neologism coined to describe the process of a societys conversion to the religion of Islam, or the increase in observance by an already Muslim society. ... The term multiculturalism generally refers to a state of both cultural and ethnic diversity within the demographics of a particular social space. ... Euroscepticism has become a general term for opposition to the process of European integration. ... For other uses, see Conspiracy theory (disambiguation). ... Oriana Fallaci Oriana Fallaci (born July 29, 1930) is an Italian journalist , author, and political interviewer. ...

Origin of the term

Eurabia was originally the title of a newsletter published by the Comité européen de coordination des associations d’amitié avec le monde Arabe.^[3] According to Bat Ye'or, it was published collaboratively with France-Pays Arabes (journal of the Association de solidarité franco-arabe or ASFA), Middle East International (London), and the Groupe d’Etudes sur le Moyen-Orient (Geneva).^[4] There is no group of this name at the University of Geneva, but there is a Groupe de recherche et d'études sur la Méditerranée et le Moyen Orient (GREMMO) at the Université Lyon 2,^[5] and one of its members is the Institut universitaire d'études du développement (IUED) at the University of Geneva.^[6] Look up Newsletter in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Bat Yeor (Hebrew: בת יאור) (meaning daughter of the Nile in Hebrew; a pseudonym of Gisèle Littman, née Orebi) is a controversial British writer specializing in the history of non-Muslims in the Middle East, and in particular the history of Christian and Jewish dhimmis living under Islamic governments. ... The University of Geneva (Université de Genève) is a university in Geneva, Switzerland. ... The University of Lyon is a university in Lyon, France Categories: Substubs ...

During the 1973 oil crisis, the European Economic Community (predecessor of the European Union), had entered into the Euro-Arab Dialogue with the Arab League.^[7] Bat Ye'or later used the journal title Eurabia, to describe the Euro-Arab Dialogue (EAD) and associated political developments. The term originally had no pejorative intent, and no connotation similar to its present usage: Bat Ye'or was the first to use it in that way, especially in her 2005 book Eurabia: The Euro-Arab Axis. (In Germany, 'Eurabia' is used in the names of several businesses, such as the Eurabia Schifffahrts-Agentur GmbH and Eurabia Tours). The 1973 oil crisis began in earnest on October 17, 1973, when the members of Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC, consisting of the Arab members of OPEC plus Egypt and Syria) announced, as a result of the ongoing Yom Kippur War, that they would no longer ship petroleum... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... Headquarters Cairo, Egypt1 Official languages Arabic Membership 22 Arab states 2 observer states Leaders  -  Secretary General Amr Moussa (since 2001)  -  Council of the Arab League Sudan  -  Speaker of the Arab Parliament Nabih Berri Establishment  -  Alexandria Protocol March 22, 1945  Area  -  Total 13,953,041 (Western Sahara Included) = 13,687,041...

Bat Ye'or on Eurabia

Bat Ye'or sees Eurabia (the political process) as the result of a French-led European policy originally intended to increase European power against the United States by aligning its interests with those of the Arab countries, and regards it as a primary cause of European hostility to Israel. She describes it as follows: For other uses, see Charles de Gaulle (disambiguation). ...

Book cover of Eurabia: The Euro-Arab Axis

"A machinery that has made Europe the new continent of dhimmitude was put into motion more than 30 years ago at the instigation of France. A wide-ranging policy was then first sketched out, a symbiosis of Europe with the Muslim Arab countries, that would endow Europe - and especially France, the project's prime mover - with a weight and a prestige to rival that of the United States. This policy was undertaken quite discreetly, outside of official treaties, under the innocent-sounding name of the Euro-Arab Dialogue... This strategy, the goal of which was the creation of a pan-Mediterranean Euro-Arab entity, permitting the free circulation both of men and of goods, also determined the immigration policy with regard to Arabs in the European Community (EC). And, for the past 30 years, it also established the relevant cultural policies in the schools and universities of the EC... The Arabs set the conditions for this association:

1. a European policy that would be independent from, and opposed to that of the United States
2. the recognition by Europe of a Palestinian people, and the creation of a Palestinian state
3. European support for the PLO
4. the designation of Yasser Arafat as the sole and exclusive representative of that Palestinian people
5. the delegitimizing of the State of Israel, both historically and politically, its shrinking into non-viable borders, and the Arabization of Jerusalem.

From this sprang the hidden European war against Israel, through economic boycotts, and in some cases academic boycotts as well, through deliberate vilification, and the spreading of both anti-Zionism and New antisemitism."^[8]

She later summarizes this process in the National Review as follows: Image File history File links Eurabia. ... Image File history File links Eurabia. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The word dhimmitude is a neologism, imported from the French language, and derived from the Arabic language word dhimmi. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... The European Community (EC) was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... The term Palestinian has other usages, for which see definitions of Palestinian. ... It has been suggested that State of Palestine be merged into this article or section. ... The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (Arabic Munazzamat al-Tahrir Filastiniyyah منظمة تحرير فلسطينية ) is a political and paramilitary organization of Palestinian Arabs dedicated to the establishment of an independent Palestinian state to consist of the... Not to be confused with Yasir Arafat (cricketer). ... Arabization is the gradual transformation of an area into one that speaks Arabic and is part of the Arab culture. ... For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... Anti-Zionism is opposition to Zionism, an international political movement that supports a homeland for the Jewish people in Palestine[1][2] Anti-Zionism takes many forms, ranging from political or religious opposition to the idea of a Jewish state, to rejecting Israels right to exist and the legitimacy... New antisemitism is the concept of a new 21st-century form of antisemitism emanating simultaneously from the left, the far right, and radical Islam, and tending to manifest itself as opposition to Zionism and the State of Israel. ... National Review (NR) is a biweekly magazine of political opinion, founded by author William F. Buckley, Jr. ...

"Europe's economic greed was instrumentalized by Arab League policy in a long-term political strategy targeting Israel, Europe, and America... Through the labyrinth of the EAD system, a policy of Israel's delegitimization was planned at both the EC's national and international levels... Strategically, the Euro-Arab Cooperation was a political instrument for anti-Americanism in Europe, whose aim was to separate and weaken the two continents by an incitement to hostility and the permanent denigration of American policy in the Middle East."

Headquarters Cairo, Egypt1 Official languages Arabic Membership 22 Arab states 2 observer states Leaders  -  Secretary General Amr Moussa (since 2001)  -  Council of the Arab League Sudan  -  Speaker of the Arab Parliament Nabih Berri Establishment  -  Alexandria Protocol March 22, 1945  Area  -  Total 13,953,041 (Western Sahara Included) = 13,687,041... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...

Current usage

Current usage of the term is wider than the version given by Bat Ye'or, with less attention for Franco-Arab relations, and more for immigration and Muslim demographics. Others, such as Bernard Lewis and Bruce Bawer have presented comparable scenarios, for which the term 'Eurabia' is now also used. It can no longer be exclusively identified with the work of Bat Ye'or. The Eurabia theory, as its supporters present it in the media, blogs, internet forums and online magazines, includes these elements:^[9] For the founder of the River Island retail chain, see Bernard Lewis (entrepreneur). ... Bruce Bawer, (born October 31, 1956 in New York City), is a gay American literary critic, writer, and poet. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A typical Internet forum discussion, with common elements such as quotes and spoiler brackets A page from a forum showcasing emoticons and Internet slang An Internet forum is a web application for holding discussions and posting user generated content. ... An online magazine is a magazine that is delivered in an electronic form. ...

• Islam is incompatible with European (western) values, and hostile to the Western world. The West is engaged in some form of war or civilisational conflict with Islam.
• Islam seeks to replace European civilisation and values with its own. It envisions a Europe where Islam is the dominant religion, and sharia replaces the European legal tradition.
• Western civilisation is explicitly Judeo-Christian, and the Islamic hostility is partly religious.
• Muslims make continual demands in order to impose their own values, and concessions inspire fresh demands. Most if not all Muslims have this demanding attitude, since such demands are a part of their religion.
• These demands are also intended to place non-Muslims (primarily Jews and Christians) in the status of dhimmi, and most Muslims find that the only appropriate status for them.
• These demands should be resisted, but European governments, media and elites consistently fail to do so. They even pre-emptively make concessions to Muslims, including self-censorship. Their attitude is that of dhimmitude - the servile attitude of the weak dhimmi in a Muslim-dominated society. Dhimmitude is seen as effectively an act of treason against Western Civilisation.
• Muslim immigration to Europe is a strategy, intended to gain control of Europe, by replacing its non-Muslim population with Muslims - it is not primarily economic in character.
• The growth of the Muslim population in Europe by natural increase (high birth rates) is also part of this strategy - "outbreeding the enemy." There are already many more Muslims in Europe than official statistics admit -- with some countries like France and Belgium refusing to even count their minorities -- and within several generations (at least by 2100) they will form a majority. European governments have actively facilitated this strategy by allowing continuous immigration from Muslim countries, which is also tantamount to treason.
• Even before they are a majority, Muslims will dominate European politics because of their numbers and the complaisant dhimmitude of politicians and elites, who consistently fail to offer any resistance to them.

The sceptical Matt Carr describes the scenario as follows:^[10] Occident redirects here. ... Cover of The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order The Clash of Civilizations is a theory, proposed by political scientist Samuel P. Huntington, that peoples cultural and religious identities will be the primary source of conflict in the post-Cold War world. ... This article is about Islamic religious law. ... Jacob wrestling an angel, by Gustave Doré (1832-1883), a shared Judeo-Christian story. ... This article is about dhimmi in the context of Islamic law. ... Self-censorship is the act of censoring and/or classifying ones own book(s), film(s), or other kind of art to avoid offending others without an authority pressuring them to do so. ... The word dhimmitude is a neologism, imported from the French language, and derived from the Arabic language word dhimmi. ... For other uses, see Treason (disambiguation) or Traitor (disambiguation). ... Minimum estimates of Muslim populations in Western Europe (EU15 plus Norway and Switzerland) as a percentage of total country population: (Source: The Economist, April 3, 2003) (Second Source: BBC ) The figures are minimum estimates, and not necessarily exactly comparable, due to differences in method of data collection and data presentation...

According to the worst-case Eurabian predictions, by the end of the twenty-first century, most of Europe’s cities will be overrun with Arabic-speaking foreign immigrants, much of the continent will be living under Islamic Sharia law and Christianity will have ceased to exist or be reduced to a state of ‘dhimmitude’... In the nightmare world of Eurabia, the future will become the past once again and Christians and Jews will become oppressed minorities in a sea of Islam; churches and cathedrals will be replaced by mosques and minarets, the call to prayer will echo from Paris to Rotterdam and London and the remnants of ‘Judeo-Christian’ Europe will have been reduced to small enclaves in a world of bearded Arabic-speakers and burka-clad women.

Degree of support for the theory

The term Eurabia has gained currency, partly because it reflects a more general political tendency, which sees Islam as a major threat to Europe and its values. Justin Vaisse, who is sceptical of the claimed transformation into Eurabia, spoke of this mood at the Brookings Institution (spelling corrected):^[11] The Brookings Institution is a United States nonprofit public policy think tank based in Washington, D.C.. Described in 1977, by TIME magazine as as the nations pre-eminent liberal think tank,[1] the institution is devoted to public service through research and education in the social sciences, particularly...

... I toured the bookshops and I was looking for books on Islam in Europe. And the only titles I could find, the only books I could find, bore titles like While Europe Slept: How Radical Islam is Destroying the West from Within, by Bruce Bawer; The West's Last Chance: Will We Win the Clash of Civilizations?, by Tony Blankley; Eurabia, The Euro-Arab Axis by Bat Ye'or; or Menace in Europe: Why the Continent's Crisis is America's, Too, by Claire Berlinski... And more generally, even more serious authors like Bernard Lewis or Niall Ferguson write things or give interviews speaking of the Islamization of Europe, the reverse colonization, the demographic time bomb that is threatening Europe, et cetera, with the suggestion that the sky is falling.

Others who have supported the Eurabia theory, and express related views, include Fjordman,^[12] Oriana Fallaci,^[13] Robert Spencer,^[14] Daniel Pipes,^[15] Ayaan Hirsi Ali,^[16] Melanie Phillips,^[17] and Mark Steyn.^[18] Bruce Bawer, (born October 31, 1956 in New York City), is a gay American literary critic, writer, and poet. ... Tony Blankley Tony Blankley (born 1948 in London, United Kingdom) is the editorial page editor for The Washington Times, co-host of the nationally syndicated public radio program Left, Right & Center, and author of The Wests Last Chance: Will We Win the Clash of Civilizations? Additionally, Blankley is a... For the founder of the River Island retail chain, see Bernard Lewis (entrepreneur). ... Niall Ferguson Niall Ferguson (b. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Oriana Fallaci Oriana Fallaci (born July 29, 1930) is an Italian journalist , author, and political interviewer. ... Robert Bruce Spencer (born 1962) is an American writer on Islam. ... Daniel Pipes in Copenhagen Daniel Pipes (born September 9, 1949) is an American historian and analyst who specializes in the Middle East. ... Ayaan Hirsi Ali, MA ( ; Somali: ; born Ayaan Hirsi Magan 13 November 1969[2] in Mogadishu, Somalia) is a Dutch feminist and political writer, daughter of the Somali scholar, politician, and revolutionary opposition leader Hirsi Magan Isse. ... Melanie Phillips (born June 4, 1951) is a British journalist and author, best known for her column about political and social issues which currently appears in the Daily Mail. ... Mark Steyn (born 1959) is a Canadian journalist, columnist, and film and music critic. ...

Without specific surveys it is impossible to determine the amount of support for the Eurabia theory. However, surveys of attitudes to Islam in western Europe have shown substantial suspicion, fear and hostility.^[19] Interest in the Eurabia scenario reflects this polarisation, at a time when the former consensus on multiculturalism in western Europe has been eroded.^[20] The Thomas theorem indicates that belief in the scenario can have a social and political effect, regardless of whether it is an accurate prediction of future developments. The term multiculturalism generally refers to a state of both cultural and ethnic diversity within the demographics of a particular social space. ... The name Thomas theorem refers to a fundamental principle in sociology formulated by William I. Thomas. ...

Implications and response

The Eurabia theory construes the expanding Muslim population of Europe, and the religious demands thereof, as a subversive and insidious threat to Western European civilization. Lars Hedegaard of the Danish 'Free Press Society' sees Europe possibly fragmenting into enclaves:^[21]

"Basically there are two possible outcomes: Either the Western populations accept their inevitable fate as dhimmies under new Muslim rulers, or they counter the emergence of Muslim parallel societies by setting up their own. i.e. they split their countries into mutually hostile enclaves like in Northern Ireland during the Troubles or in Yugoslavia or Lebanon. The third option -- that the Western states decide to side with their old majority populations and with those newcomers who want to live like them and with them -- would require a transformation of Churchillian proportions that I cannot envision."

Not all supporters of the theory see 'Eurabia' as inevitable. Some advocate the prohibition of Islam,^[22] and some advocate a direct confrontation. In an article entitled Confrontation, not appeasement, Ayaan Hirsi Ali demands a confrontational policy at European level, to meet the threat of radical Islam, and compares non-confrontational policies with Neville Chamberlain's appeasement of Hitler.^[23] Specifically, she proposes: Ayaan Hirsi Ali, MA ( ; Somali: ; born Ayaan Hirsi Magan 13 November 1969[2] in Mogadishu, Somalia) is a Dutch feminist and political writer, daughter of the Somali scholar, politician, and revolutionary opposition leader Hirsi Magan Isse. ... This article is about the British prime minister. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Appeasement. ...

• careful monitoring of the demographic growth of the Muslim population in Europe (EU)
• registration of all violent incidents against women, Jews and homosexuals, including the (religious) identity of the perpetrator
• Europe must recognise the United States and Israel as allies in the struggle against radical Islam
• development of alternative energy sources, to reduce dependence on oil
• a European immigration policy, which makes entry conditional on allegiance to the national constitution: Immigrants should sign a contract to obey the Constitution, and should be deported if they break it.
• ideological confrontation with the generation "infected by radical Islam": all Muslims must explicitly renounce radical Islam.
• "offer good education, close all Islamic schools, and prohibit the opening of new ones."

Map of countries by population Population growth showing projections for later this century Demography is the statistical study of human populations. ... Higher electricity use per capita correlates with a higher score on the Human Development Index(1997). ... Petro redirects here. ...

Critique of the Eurabia theory

The first academic work to address the Eurabia thesis is Integrating Islam Political and Religious Challenges in Contemporary France, by Justin Vaisse and Jonathan Laurence. Laurence says of it:^[24]

Those who utter the term 'Eurabia' conjure up a mutant European continent under pressure from oil-producing states that has all but abandoned its values and policies to a horde of Arab immigrants. Our book attempts to dismantle that position by exploring the actual evolution of French policies towards Muslims and organized Islam since the 1970s. We try to do away with one of the false premises of 'Eurabia', namely, that French and European governments - fuelled by self-loathing multiculturalist policies- have capitulated to Muslims’ cultural and religious demands.

Justin Vaisse says the book intends to debunk "four myths of the alarmist school." Using Muslims in France as an example, he says: Estimates of the number of Muslims in France vary widely. ...

• The Muslim population is not growing as fast as the scenario claims, since the fertility rate of immigrants declines
• Muslims are not a monolithic or cohesive group
• Muslims do seek to integrate politically and socially
• Despite their numbers, Muslims have little influence on foreign policy (e.g. policy toward Israel)

Andrew Sullivan has written that "the comical shrieking about “Eurabia” and such is but thinly veiled Islam-bashing by primitives in the U.S. know-nothing media."^[25] The (total) fertility rate of a population is the average number of child births per woman. ... Andrew Michael Sullivan (born August 10, 1963) is a libertarian conservative author and political commentator, distinguished by his often personal style of political analysis. ...

See also

• 2005 civil unrest in France
• Danish cartoon controversy
• Dhimmitude
• Demographics of Europe
• Global Islamic Insurgency
• Muslims in Western Europe
• Islamic dress controversy in Europe
• Islam in France
• Londonistan (term)
• Tariq Ramadan and Caroline Fourest
• Middle-easternisation
• Gaddafi's view on Muslim demographic invasion of Europe
• The Force of Reason
• Ayaan Hirsi Ali
• Multiculturalism
• Robert Spencer
• Islam: What the West Needs to Know (documentary with Bat Ye'or).
• Fifth Column

French riots and French civil unrest redirect here. ... The controversial cartoons of Muhammad, as they were first published in Jyllands-Posten in September 2005. ... The word dhimmitude is a neologism, imported from the French language, and derived from the Arabic language word dhimmi. ... The population growth/decline of European countries The Demographics of Europe refers to the changing number and composition of the population of Europe. ... Global Islamic Insurgency is a hypothesis contending that various non-state Islamist groups are dedicated to political outcomes by way of terrorism and information operations, networked through informal social bonds with access to modern communication technologies and with the backing of certain states, certain Islamic charitable organizations and/or wealthy... Minimum estimates of Muslim populations in Western Europe (EU15 plus Norway and Switzerland) as a percentage of total country population: (Source: The Economist, April 3, 2003) (Second Source: BBC ) The figures are minimum estimates, and not necessarily exactly comparable, due to differences in method of data collection and data presentation... Islamic dress, notably that worn by women, has become a prominent symbol of the presence of Islam in western Europe. ... Estimates of the number of Muslims in France vary widely. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Tariq Said Ramadan (born 26 August 1962 in Geneva, Switzerland) is a Swiss Muslim academic and theologian. ... Caroline Fourest is a French Feminist writer, journalist and author of Frère Tariq, a critical look at the works of the Islamic intellectual Tariq Ramadan. ... Middle-easternisation is a term used to describe the increasing influence of events in the Middle East, particularly the Israel-Palestine conflict, on the politics of South East Asia, especially Indonesia and Malaysia, and the tendency of Islamic organisations in these countries to adopt the anti-Western rhetoric of Middle... Muammar Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi1 (Arabic:   ) (born c. ... The Force of Reason (La forza della ragione) is a book by renowned Italian author Oriana Fallaci. ... Ayaan Hirsi Ali, MA ( ; Somali: ; born Ayaan Hirsi Magan 13 November 1969[2] in Mogadishu, Somalia) is a Dutch feminist and political writer, daughter of the Somali scholar, politician, and revolutionary opposition leader Hirsi Magan Isse. ... The term multiculturalism generally refers to a state of both cultural and ethnic diversity within the demographics of a particular social space. ... Robert Bruce Spencer (born 1962) is an American writer on Islam. ... A fifth column is a group of people which clandestinely undermines a larger group to which it is expected to be loyal, such as a nation. ...

Notes

This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Free Republic is a for-profit, non-tax exempt [1] moderated Internet forum, activist and chat site for conservatives, primarily within the United States. ... For other persons named David Horowitz, see David Horowitz (disambiguation). ... Robert Bruce Spencer (born 1962) is an American writer on Islam. ... Daniel Pipes in Copenhagen Daniel Pipes (born September 9, 1949) is an American historian and analyst who specializes in the Middle East. ... Bat Yeor (Hebrew: בת יאור) (meaning daughter of the Nile in Hebrew; a pseudonym of Gisèle Littman, née Orebi) is a controversial British writer specializing in the history of non-Muslims in the Middle East, and in particular the history of Christian and Jewish dhimmis living under Islamic governments. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Jihad Watch Logo Jihad Watch is a website and blog hosted by American author and pundit Robert Spencer which provides news, commentary, tracking and analysis of worldwide Militant Islam activity. ... Free Republic is a for-profit, non-tax exempt [1] moderated Internet forum, activist and chat site for conservatives, primarily within the United States. ... For other persons named David Horowitz, see David Horowitz (disambiguation). ... Robert Bruce Spencer (born 1962) is an American writer on Islam. ... Daniel Pipes in Copenhagen Daniel Pipes (born September 9, 1949) is an American historian and analyst who specializes in the Middle East. ... Bat Yeor (Hebrew: בת יאור) (meaning daughter of the Nile in Hebrew; a pseudonym of Gisèle Littman, née Orebi) is a controversial British writer specializing in the history of non-Muslims in the Middle East, and in particular the history of Christian and Jewish dhimmis living under Islamic governments. ... Jihad Watch Logo Jihad Watch is a website and blog hosted by American author and pundit Robert Spencer which provides news, commentary, tracking and analysis of worldwide Militant Islam activity. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... The headquarters in Milan. ... Londonistan: How Britain is creating a terror state within Londonistan: How Britain is creating a terror state within (ISBN 1-59403-144-4) is a book by Melanie Phillips on the topic of the spread of Islamism in the United Kingdom over the past twenty years. ... Andrew Michael Sullivan (born August 10, 1963) is a libertarian conservative author and political commentator, distinguished by his often personal style of political analysis. ... The Atlantic Monthly (also known as The Atlantic) is an American literary/cultural magazine that was founded in November 1857. ...

Further reading

Supporting

• Bawer, Bruce, While Europe Slept: How Radical Islam is Destroying the West from Within, New York, Doubleday, 2006 ISBN 0-385-51472-7
• Blankley, Tony, The West's Last Chance: Will We Win the Clash of Civilizations?, Washington, D.C., Regnery Publishing, Inc., 2005 ISBN 0-89526-015-8
• Fallaci, Oriana, The Force of Reason, New York, Rizzoli International, 2006 ISBN 0-8478-2753-4
• Lewis, Bernard, The Middle East, New York, Scribner, 1995 ISBN 0-684-83280-1 (Reprint Edition: 1997)
• Lewis, Bernard, What Went Wrong?: The Clash Between Islam and Modernity in the Middle East, New York & London, Oxford University Press, 2003 ISBN 0-06-051605-4
• Phillips, Melanie, Londonistan, San Francisco, Encounter Books, 2006 ISBN 1-59403-144-4
• Spencer, Robert, The Politically Incorrect Guide to Islam (And the Crusades), Washington, D.C., Regnery Publishing, Inc., 2005 ISBN 0-89526-013-1
• Spencer, Robert (ed.), The Myth of Islamic Tolerance, Amherst, NY, Prometheus Books, 2005 ISBN 1-59102-249-5
• Steyn, Mark America Alone: The End of the World as We Know It, 2006 ISBN 0-89526-078-6
• Trifkovic, Srdja, The Sword of the Prophet, Boston, Regina Orthodox Press, 2002 ISBN 1-928653-11-1
• Ye'or, Bat, Eurabia: The Euro-Arab Axis, Madison, N.J., Fairleigh Dickinson University Press 2005 ISBN 0-8386-4077-X
• Ye'or, Bat, Islam and Dhimmitude: Where Civilizations Collide, Madison, N.J., Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2001 ISBN 0-8386-3942-9

Bruce Bawer, (born October 31, 1956 in New York City), is a gay American literary critic, writer, and poet. ... Tony Blankley Tony Blankley (born 1948 in London, United Kingdom) is the editorial page editor for The Washington Times, co-host of the nationally syndicated public radio program Left, Right & Center, and author of The Wests Last Chance: Will We Win the Clash of Civilizations? Additionally, Blankley is a... Oriana Fallaci Oriana Fallaci (born July 29, 1930) is an Italian journalist , author, and political interviewer. ... The Force of Reason (La forza della ragione) is a book by renowned Italian author Oriana Fallaci. ... For the founder of the River Island retail chain, see Bernard Lewis (entrepreneur). ... For the founder of the River Island retail chain, see Bernard Lewis (entrepreneur). ... Melanie Phillips (born June 4, 1951) is a British journalist and author, best known for her column about political and social issues which currently appears in the Daily Mail. ... Londonistan: How Britain is creating a terror state within Londonistan: How Britain is creating a terror state within (ISBN 1-59403-144-4) is a book by Melanie Phillips on the topic of the spread of Islamism in the United Kingdom over the past twenty years. ... Robert Bruce Spencer (born 1962) is an American writer on Islam. ... The Politically Incorrect Guide to Islam (And the Crusades) is a book by best-selling author Robert Spencer, the director of Jihad Watch. ... Robert Bruce Spencer (born 1962) is an American writer on Islam. ... Book cover The Myth of Islamic Tolerance: How Islamic Law Treats Non-Muslims is a controversial collection of essays, including 17 by Bat Yeor, edited by writer Robert Spencer, the director of Jihad Watch. ... Mark Steyn (born 1959) is a Canadian journalist, columnist, and film and music critic. ... Srdja or Serge Trifkovic (born July 19, 1954, in Belgrade) is a Serbian historian, journalist and political analyst. ... The Sword of the Prophet: The politically incorrect guide to Islam: History, Theology, Impact on the World (2002) is a book by Serge Trifkovic, a Serbian historian, journalist, and political analyst. ... Bat Yeor (Hebrew: בת יאור) (meaning daughter of the Nile in Hebrew; a pseudonym of Gisèle Littman, née Orebi) is a controversial British writer specializing in the history of non-Muslims in the Middle East, and in particular the history of Christian and Jewish dhimmis living under Islamic governments. ... Bat Yeor (Hebrew: בת יאור) (meaning daughter of the Nile in Hebrew; a pseudonym of Gisèle Littman, née Orebi) is a controversial British writer specializing in the history of non-Muslims in the Middle East, and in particular the history of Christian and Jewish dhimmis living under Islamic governments. ...

Critical

• Laurence, Jonathan and Justin Vaisse, Integrating Islam Political and Religious Challenges in Contemporary France, Washington, DC, Brookings Institution Press, 2006 ISBN 0-8157-5151-6

External links

Supporters

• Eurabia, Bat Ye'or, National Review, 9 October 2002
• Eurabia?, Niall Ferguson, The New York Times, 4 April 2004
• The Eurabia Code, Part 2, 'Fjordman' at Jihad Watch
• The Civilization of Dhimmitude, review of Eurabia: The Euro-Arab Axis by Bruce Thornton, March 26, 2005.
• Eurabia defined, Andrew Bostom

Bat Yeor (Hebrew: בת יאור) (meaning daughter of the Nile in Hebrew; a pseudonym of Gisèle Littman, née Orebi) is a controversial British writer specializing in the history of non-Muslims in the Middle East, and in particular the history of Christian and Jewish dhimmis living under Islamic governments. ... National Review (NR) is a biweekly magazine of political opinion, founded by author William F. Buckley, Jr. ... is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Niall Ferguson Niall Ferguson (b. ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... is the 94th day of the year (95th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jihad Watch Logo Jihad Watch is a website and blog hosted by American author and pundit Robert Spencer which provides news, commentary, tracking and analysis of worldwide Militant Islam activity. ... Bruce S. Thornton is a classicist at California State University, Fresno. ...

Skeptics

• How to concoct a conspiracy theory, Thomas Jones, London Review of Books, July 2005.
• You are now entering Eurabia, Matt Carr, Race & Class, 2006.
• The 'Eurabia' Myth by Ralph Peters, New York Post, November 26, 2006.
• "The Crescent and the Cross", a book review, by Simon Kuper, Financial Times, November 10, 2007.

The London Review of Books (or LRB) is a twice-monthly British literary magazine. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ralph Peters (b. ... The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and the oldest to have been published continually as a daily. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Simon Kuper is a Dutch author. ... The Financial Times (FT) is a British international business newspaper. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

Media reports

• The West and Islam - Tales from Eurabia, The Economist, June 22, 2006
• Muslims and the West - First, know thyself, The Economist, June 22 2006
• Britain's Growing Ethnic Division, BBC Video and Transcript, May 7, 2007
• Euro-Islam.info Research on the position of Muslims in European society.[[sv:Eurabien]