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The Eurasian Wolf (Canis lupus lupus), also known as the Common Wolf, European Wolf, Carpathian Wolf, Steppes Wolf, Tibetan Wolf and Chinese Wolf is a subspecies of the Grey Wolf (Canis lupus). Originally spread over most of Eurasia, with a southern limit of the Himalayas, the Hindukush, the Koppet Dag, the Caucasus, the Black Sea and the Alps, and a northern limit between 60° and 70° northern latitude, it has been pushed back from most of Western Europe and Eastern China, surviving mostly in Central Asia. Currently, it has the largest range among wolf subspecies and is the most common in Europe and Asia, ranging through Western Europe, Scandinavia, Russia, China, Mongolia and the Himalayan Mountains. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 568 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,354 × 961 pixels, file size: 319 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. ...
Image File history File links Status_iucn3. ...
Least Concern (LC) is an IUCN category assigned to extant species or lower taxa which have been evaluated but do not qualify for any other category. ...
For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ...
Typical Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ...
Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria Mammals (class Mammalia) are warm-blooded, vertebrate animals characterized by the presence of sweat glands, including those that produce milk, and by the presence of: hair, three middle ear bones used in hearing, and a neocortex...
Families 17, See classification The diverse order Carnivora (IPA: or ; from Latin carÅ (stem carn-) flesh, + vorÄre to devour) includes over 260 species of placental mammals. ...
Genera Alopex Atelocynus Canis Cerdocyon Chrysocyon Cuon Cynotherium †Dusicyon †Dasycyon †Fennecus (Part of Vulpes) Lycalopex (Part of Pseudalopex) Lycaon Nyctereutes Otocyon Pseudalopex Speothos Urocyon Vulpes The Canidae (′kanə′dē, IPA: ) family is a part of the order Carnivora within the mammals (Class Mammalia). ...
Species Canis adustus Canis aureus Canis dirus (extinct) Canis latrans Canis lupus Canis mesomelas Canis simensis †also includes dogs. ...
Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Range map. ...
Trinomial nomenclature is a taxonomic naming system that extends the standard system of binomial nomenclature by adding a third taxon. ...
Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as , (May 13, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ...
Image File history File links Present_distribution_of_wolf_subspecies_eur. ...
This article is about the zoological term. ...
Binomial name Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 The Wolf or Grey Wolf (Canis lupus) is a mammal of the Canidae family and the ancestor of the domestic dog. ...
For other uses, see Eurasia (disambiguation). ...
For the movie Himalaya, see Himalaya (film). ...
The Hindu Kush or Hindukush (هندوکش in Persian) is a mountain range in Afghanistan as well as in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. ...
The Kopet Dag is a mountain range on the frontier between Turkmenistan and Iran, extending about 650 km (404 mi) along the border, east of the Caspian Sea. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Caucasus Mountains. ...
For other uses, see Black Sea (disambiguation). ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
A current understanding of Western Europe. ...
Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ...
For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Scandinavia (disambiguation). ...
Features and adaptations
European wolves typically have shorter, denser fur than their North American counterparts.[1] Their size varies according to region, though as a whole, adults stand at 30 inches (72 centimetres) at the shoulder and weigh around 70-130 pounds (32-59 kilograms), with females usually being about twenty per cent smaller than males.[2] The heaviest known Eurasian wolf was killed in Romania and weighed 158 pounds (72 kilograms).[3] Colour ranges from white, cream, red, grey and black, sometimes with all colors combined. Wolves in central Europe tend to be more richly coloured than those in Northern Europe.[4] Eastern European wolves tend to be shorter and more heavily built than Northern Russian ones.[4] Mid-19th century tool for converting between different standards of the inch An inch is an Imperial unit of length. ...
cm redirects here, alternate uses: cm (disambiguation) A centimetre (symbol cm; American spelling: centimeter) is an SI unit of length. ...
Officially the pound is the name for at least three different units of mass: The pound (avoirdupois). ...
The international prototype, made of platinum-iridium, which is kept at the BIPM under conditions specified by the 1st CGPM in 1889. ...
Behaviour
 A pair of European wolves. They are highly social animals, though due to a decline in territory, they form smaller packs than in North America.[1] Social behaviour seems to vary from region to region, an example being that wolves living in the Carpathians tend to be predominantly solitary hunters.[5] The alpha male and female mate between January and March. Litters, usually consisting of six cubs, are born seven weeks later in a den dug among bushes or rocks. The male brings food back to the den, either by carrying it whole or by swallowing and then regurgitating it for the others to eat. As the cubs grow, the mother and other members of the pack help to feed them. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3648 × 2736 pixel, file size: 1. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3648 × 2736 pixel, file size: 1. ...
Satellite image of the Carpathians. ...
Theodore Roosevelt considered the Eurasian wolf to be stronger and more ferocious than North America's Great Plains Wolf (Canis lupus nubilus), though comparable in strength to the large Rocky Mountain Wolf (Canis lupus occidentalis).[6] Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. ...
North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Trinomial name Canis lupus occidentalis Mackenzie Valley wolf range The Mackenzie Valley Wolf (Canis lupus occidentalis) also known as the Rocky Mountain Wolf, Alaskan Timber Wolf or Canadian Timber Wolf is perhaps the largest subspecies of Gray Wolf in North America. ...
Diet The diet of Eurasian wolves varies enormously throughout their ranges. They commonly prey on medium sized ungulates like moufflon, chamois, saiga, wild boar, red deer, roe deer and livestock. They will occasionally eat smaller prey such as frogs and hares. In Europe, their largest prey is the Wisent, while in Asia, it is the Yak. Moufflon are a type wild sheep (Ovis orientalis and O. musimon) native to the mountains of Sardinia, Corsica and western Asia (especially Turkey and southern Iran). ...
Binomial name Rupicapra rupicapra (Linnaeus, 1758) The chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) is a large, goat-like animal that lives in the European Alps and Carpathians. ...
Binomial name Saiga tatarica (Linnaeus, 1766) The saiga, or Saiga tatarica, is a kind of gazelle that lives in central Asia. ...
Binomial name Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 The Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) is the wild ancestor of the domesticated pig. ...
This article is about the species of deer. ...
Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) The European Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) is a deer species of Europe, Asia Minor, and Caspian coastal regions. ...
Sheep are commonly bred as livestock. ...
Genera See text. ...
For other uses, see Hare (disambiguation). ...
Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) The Wisent or European Bison (Bison bonasus) (IPA: ) is a bison species and the heaviest land animal in Europe. ...
For other uses, see Yak (disambiguation). ...
Because of increasing shortage of natural prey, wolves are sometimes forced to give up their pack-hunting habits, and scavenge for food around villages and farmhouses. Many rural villages have open dumps where the local slaughterhouse disposes of its waste. Many wolves feed there alongside feral or stray dogs.[7]
Taxonomy Due to comparative studies on the Mitochondrial DNA of various wolf subspecies, it is now theorized that the European line of wolves originated over 150,000 years ago, making them around the same age as North American wolves, but significantly younger than Asiatic subspecies.[8] In cell biology, a mitochondrion is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes. ...
The structure of part of a DNA double helix Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is a nucleic acid molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. ...
North American domestic dogs are believed to have originated from Eurasian wolves. The first people to colonize North America 12,000 to 14,000 years ago brought their dogs with them from Asia, and apparently did not separately domesticate the wolves they found in New World.[9]
History In England, the various Norman kings (reigning from 1066 to 1152 A.D.) employed servants as wolf hunters and many held lands granted on condition they fulfilled this duty. King Edward I who reigned from 1272 to 1307 ordered the total extermination of all wolves in his kingdom and personally employed one Peter Corbet, with instructions to destroy wolves in the counties of Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, Worcestershire, Shropshire and Staffordshire, areas near the Welsh Marches where wolves were more common than in the southern areas of England. The wolf became extinct in England during the reign of Henry VII (1485-1509). It is known that wolves survived in Scotland up until the 18th century.[10] During the reign of James VI, wolves were considered such a threat to travellers that special houses called "spittals" were erected on the highways for protection.[11] The last wolf in Scotland was supposedly killed in 1743, by an old man named McQueen in the Findhorn Valley of Morayshire.[10] For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...
The Norman dynasty is a series of four monarchs, who ruled England from the time of the Norman Conquest in 1066, until 1154. ...
Events January 6 - Harold II is crowned September 20 - Battle of Fulford September 25 - Battle of Stamford Bridge September 29 - William of Normandy lands in England at Pevensey. ...
Events March 4 - Frederick I Barbarossa is elected King of the Germans Eleanor of Aquitaine has her marriage to Louis VII annulled May 18 - Eleanor of Aquitaine marries Henry of Anjou Church of Ireland acknowledges Popes authority Almohad Dynasty conquers Algeria Establishment of the archbishopric of Nidaros (Trondheim), Norway...
Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), popularly known as Longshanks[1], also as Edward the Lawgiver or the English Justinian because of his legal reforms, and as Hammer of the Scots,[2] achieved fame as the monarch who conquered Wales and tried to do the same to Scotland. ...
For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ...
January 18 - German king Albrecht I makes his son Rudolf king of Bohemia. ...
Gloucestershire (pronounced ; GLOSS-ter-sher) is a county in South West England. ...
Herefordshire is a historic and ceremonial county and unitary district (known as County of Herefordshire) in the West Midlands region of England. ...
Worcestershire (pronounced ; abbreviated Worcs) is a county located in the West Midlands region of central England. ...
Shropshire (pronounced /, -/), alternatively known as Salop[6] or abbreviated Shrops[7], is a county in the West Midlands of England. ...
Staffordshire (abbreviated Staffs) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. ...
The Welsh Marches is an area along the border of England and Wales in the island of Great Britain. ...
Henry VII (January 28, 1457 – April 21, 1509), King of England, Lord of Ireland (August 22, 1485 – April 21, 1509), born Henry Tudor was the first monarch of the Tudor dynasty. ...
Year 1485 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar). ...
1509 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
This article is about the country. ...
James VI and I King of England, Scotland and Ireland James VI of Scotland and I of England (Charles James) (19 June 1566–27 March 1625) was a King who ruled over England, Scotland and Ireland, and was the first Sovereign to reign in the three realms simultaneously. ...
this page is about the village in Great Britain; for the Austrian town, see Spittal an der Drau. ...
// Events February 14 - Henry Pelham becomes British Prime Minister February 21 - - The premiere in London of George Frideric Handels oratorio, Samson. ...
Morayshire or Elginshire (Siorrachd Mhoireibh in Gaelic) is one of the traditional counties of Scotland, bordering Nairnshire to the west, Inverness-shire to the south, and Banffshire to the east. ...
In Imperial Russia 1890, a document was produced stating that 161 people had been killed by wolves in 1871.[11] In early 20th century Russia, the newly formed Soviet government worked heavily to eradicate wolves and other predators during an extensive land reclamation program. Government officials instructed the Red army to exterminate predators on sight; a project that was carried out very efficiently. During The Great Patriotic War, when the Russian government focused its attention on repelling the Nazi invasion, Wolf populations were given some respite, and actually increased, though after Germany's defeat, wolf exterminations resumed. The wolf survived mostly because of the vast amount of territory devoid of humans. The first actual Soviet studies on wolves were limited to finding new ways of destroying them. From the 1970's to the 1990's, attitudes began to change in a way which favored protecting the wolf.[12] Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start...
Year 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ...
1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...
(19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...
Soviet redirects here. ...
For other organizations known as the Red Army, see Red Army (disambiguation). ...
German soldiers at the Battle of Stalingrad World War II was the most extensive and costly armed conflict in the history of the world, involving the great majority of the worlds nations, being fought simultaneously in several major theatres, and costing tens of millions of lives. ...
National Socialism redirects here. ...
During the First World War, starving wolves had amassed in great numbers in Kovno and began attacking Russian and German fighting forces, causing the two fighting armies to form a temporary truce to fight off the animals.[13] Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ...
City Flag Kaunas (Polish: Kowno, often anglicized as Kovno; Russian Каунас, formerly Ковно), is the second largest city in Lithuania with 400,000 inhabitants. ...
In parts of Romania, during the reign of Nicolae Ceauşescu, a reward equal to a quarter of a month's pay was offered to rangers killing wolf cubs. Full-grown wolves killed by any method at all resulted in as much as a half-month's pay. [7] Nicolae CeauÅŸescu (IPA , in English, sometimes (and erroneously) ) (January 26, 1918–December 25, 1989) was the leader of Romania from 1965 until December 1989, when a revolution and coup removed him from power. ...
In the Kazakh SSR, some 1,000 professional hunters killed thousands of the wolves yearly to collect government bounties. In 1988, just before the Soviet economy collapsed, the hunters killed 16,000 wolves. [14] State motto: Барлық елдердің пролетарлары, бірігіңдер! (Workers of the world, unite!) Official language None. ...
Current status In Norway, in 2001, the Norwegian Government authorised a controversial wolf cull on the grounds that the animals were overpopulating and were responsible for the killing of more than 600 sheep in 2000. The Norwegian authorities, whose original plans to kill 20 wolves were scaled down amid public outcry.[15] In 2005, the Norwegian government proposed another cull, with the inent of exterminating 25% of Norway's wolf population. A recent study of the wider Scandinavian wolf population concluded there were 120 individuals at the most, causing great concern on the genetic health of the population.[16] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1000x641, 880 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Eurasian Wolf Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1000x641, 880 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Eurasian Wolf Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to...
Djursland is a Danish peninsula located on the larger peninsula of Jutland. ...
Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ...
Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Wolves cross over the border from Russia into Finland on a regular basis. Although they're protected under EU law, Finland has issued hunting permits on a preventative basis in the past, which resulted in the European Commission taking legal action in 2005. In June 2007 the European Court of Justice ruled that Finland had breached the Habitats Directive but that both sides had failed in at least one of their claims.[17] Finland's wolf population is estimated at around 250.[17] Berlaymont, the Commissions seat The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive branch of the European Union. ...
Official emblem of the ECJ The Court of Justice of the European Communities, usually called the European Court of Justice (ECJ), is the highest court in the European Union (EU). ...
Romania has no direct livestock depredation control, however, if complaints about losses get too high, the holder of the hunting rights for the area might apply to kill a higher number of wolves during the winter hunting season. Poaching of carnivores occurs to some degree by means of traps, snares, or poison. The CLCP (Carpathian Large Carnivore Project) has initiated the use of electric fences as an additional tool for overnight livestock protection. The first tests have been very encouraging, with no losses of livestock at all.[18]
In Slovakia the 1994 Law on Protection of Nature and Landscape gave wolves full protection, though there is an annual two-month open season between 1st November to 15th January.[7]
Bulgaria considers the wolf a pest and there's a bounty equivalent to two week's average wages on their heads. [19]. A project run by the Balkani Wildlife Centre aims to reduce conflict between farmers and wolves by supplying Livestock guarding dogs as well as by educating the locals about large carnivores and their role in nature. Kazakh shepherd, his and his dogs primary job is to guard the sheep from predators Livestock Guarding Dogs (LGDs) is the term used by biologists for dogs bred to guard livestock. ...
According to estimates of experts from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Zagreb, there are 130 to 170 wolves in Croatia and their population is presently stable.[20]. Attitudes are changing in favour of wolves and the animals are now protected under Croatian law [21]. Furthermore, there have been cases of villagers reporting injured wolves to biologists rather than simply killing them. [21] Location of Zagreb within Croatia Coordinates: , Country RC diocese 1094 Free royal city 1242 Unified 1850 Government - Mayor Milan Bandić Area [1] - Total 641. ...
Though wolf populations have increased in Ukraine, wolves remain unprotected there and can be hunted year-round by permit-holders.[7]
In Russia, government backed wolf exterminations have been largely discontinued since the fall of the Soviet Union. As a result, their numbers have stabilized somewhat, though they are still hunted legally. It is estimated that nearly 15,000 of Russia's wolves are killed annually for the fur trade and because of human conflict and persecution. Due to the new capitalist government's focus on economy, and other issues plaguing the former communist nation, the study of wolves has been largely discontinued from lack of funding.[22] In economics, a capitalist is someone who owns capital, presumably within the economic system of capitalism. ...
This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ...
Kazakhstan is currently thought to have the largest wolf population of any nation in the world, as many as 90,000, versus some 60,000 for Canada, which is three and a half times larger. Since the fall of the Soviet Union, wolf hunting has decreased in profit. About 2,000 are killed yearly for a $40 bounty, and the animal’s numbers have risen sharply. At the same time, poachers have reduced the Kazakhstani wolf’s main prey species, the saiga antelope, from 1.5 million to perhaps 150,000, selling horns to the Chinese, who use it in traditional medicine. The great number of saiga accounted for the large number of wolves in Kazakhstan. Now, after the antelope’s decline wolves encroach upon human habitations in the Winter periods and attack livestock. In the spring, they go back to the remote, lightly wooded Amangeldy Hills to reproduce and feed on small mammals.[14] Binomial name Saiga tatarica (Linnaeus, 1766) The saiga, or Saiga tatarica, is a kind of gazelle that lives in central Asia. ...
China apparently considers wolves as a "catastrophe" and claims that they live in only twenty per cent of their former habitat in the northern regions of the country.[2] In 2006, the Chinese government began plans to auction licences for foreigners to hunt wild animals, including endangered species such as wolves. The licence to shoot a wolf can apparently be acquired for $200.[23] Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The British Government signed conventions in the 1980's and 1990's, agreeing to consider reintroducing wolves and to promote public awareness about them. Being party to European conventions, the British government is obligated to study the desirability of reintroducing extinct species and to consider reintroducing wolves. Although there are indications that wolves are recolonizing areas in Western Europe, they are unable to return to their former ranges in Britain without active human assistance. The Scottish Highlands are one of the few large areas in western Europe with a relatively tiny human population, thus ensuring that wolves would suffer little disturbance from human activity. One popular argument in favour of the reintroduction is that the Highland's red deer populations have overpopulated and a reintroduction of wolves would aid in keeping their numbers down, thus allowing the native flora some respite. Other arguments include the generatation of income and local employment in the Highlands through wolf ecotourism which could replace the declining and uneconomic Highland sheep industry.[24] Lowland-Highland divide Highland Sign with welcome in English and Gaelic The Scottish Highlands (A Ghà idhealtachd in Gaelic) include the rugged and mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. ...
This article is about the species of deer. ...
Hybridization with dogs
Wild hybrids Some concern has been expressed that European wolf populations have hybridized extensively with feral dogs. Scientists reviewed and analyzed surveys of mitochondrial and biparentally inherited genetic markers in dogs and wild populations of wolf-like canids. Although wolfdogs have been observed in the wild, significant genetic contamination of dog genes into wild wolf populations has not yet occurred. Scientific investigations have suggested that hybridization generally is not an important conservation concern even in small wolf populations in close proximity to human settlements. The extent of physical and behavioural differences between dogs and wolves may be great enough to ensure that mating is unlikely and hybrid offspring rarely survive to reproduce in the wild.[25] Attempts to reintroduce wolves to Germany were hampered when dog hybrids were discovered amongst offspring.[26] This Czechoslovakian Wolfdog shows a strongly wolf-like appearance A wolfdog (also called a wolf hybrid or wolf-dog hybrid) is a canid hybrid resulting from the mating of a female wolf (Canis lupus) and a male dog (Canis lupus familiaris). ...
Czechoslovakian Wolfdog In 1955, an experiment took place in the ČSSR which involved mating a German Shepherd Dog with a Carpathian wolf. A decade later, the resulting offspring were selectively bred to possess the best qualities of the dog and combine them with useful attributes of the wolf. This breeding resulted in the creation of what is now known as the Czechoslovakian Wolfdog (Ceskoslovensky Vlcak). The wolfdog is known to be loyal but headstrong, and being much more communicative, expressing itself in ways other than barking. The breed's wolf heritage also grants it a longer lifespan than most other dogs, allowing it to live about 12-16 years. Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ...
Motto Czech: Pravda vÃtÄ›zà (Truth prevails; 1918-1989) Latin: Veritas Vincit (Truth prevails; 1989-1992) Anthem Kde domov můj and Nad Tatrou sa blýska Capital Prague Language(s) Czech, Slovak Government Republic President - 1918-1935 Tomáš G. Masaryk - 1935-1938, 1945-1948 Edvard BeneÅ¡ - 1948-1953...
The German Shepherd Dog (also known as the Alsatian, and by the acronym GSD or simply German Shepherd) is a breed of dog originally bred for herding sheep. ...
The Czechoslovakian Wolfdog is a relatively new breed of dog that traces its original lineage to an experiment conducted in 1955 in the former Czechoslovak Republic. ...
It was officially recognized as a national breed in the ČSSR in 1982, in 1999 it became FCI standard no. 332, group 1, section 1.[27] Motto Czech: Pravda vÃtÄ›zà (Truth prevails; 1918-1989) Latin: Veritas Vincit (Truth prevails; 1989-1992) Anthem Kde domov můj and Nad Tatrou sa blýska Capital Prague Language(s) Czech, Slovak Government Republic President - 1918-1935 Tomáš G. Masaryk - 1935-1938, 1945-1948 Edvard BeneÅ¡ - 1948-1953...
Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ...
This article is about the year. ...
Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) (English, World Canine Organization), is an international Kennel Club based in Thuin, Belgium. ...
Folklore
 Fenrir, the giant wolf, bound by the gods. In Norse mythology, Fenrir or Fenrisulfr is a gigantic wolf, the son of Loki and the giantess Angrboða. Fenrir is bound by the gods, but is ultimately destined to grow too large for his bonds and devour Odin during the course of Ragnarök. At that time he will have grown so large that his upper jaw touches the sky while his lower touches the earth when he gapes. He will be slain by Odin's son, Viðarr, who will either stab him in the heart or rip his jaws asunder according to different accounts. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Norse, Viking or Scandinavian mythology comprises the indigenous pre-Christian religion, beliefs and legends of the Scandinavian peoples, including those who settled on Iceland, where most of the written sources for Norse mythology were assembled. ...
Fenrir may refer to: Fenrisulfr, a Norse mythological wolf. ...
For other uses, see Loki (disambiguation). ...
Angrboda (Old Norse Angrboða Harm-foreboding) appears in Norse Mythology as a giantess. ...
For other meanings of Odin,Woden or Wotan see Odin (disambiguation), Woden (disambiguation), Wotan (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Ragnarök (disambiguation). ...
In Norse mythology, Vidar (VÃðar, Viðarr, Widar) is the Son of Odin and the giantess Grid (Jotun). ...
In the Welsh legend of Gelert, Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Gwynedd returns from hunting to find his baby's cradle overturned, the baby missing and his dog, the titular character, with blood around its mouth. Imagining that it has savaged the child, he draws his sword and kills the dog, which lets out a final dying yelp. He then hears the cries of the baby and finds it unharmed under the cradle, along with a dead wolf which had attacked the child and been killed by Gelert. Llywelyn is then overcome with remorse and he buries the dog with great ceremony, yet he still could hear the dying yell. Look up Welsh, welsh in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Gelerts Grave, Beddgelert Gelert is the name of a legendary dog associated with the village of Beddgelert (Welsh: Gelerts Grave) in North Wales. ...
Llywelyn ap Iorwerth ( 1173–April 11, 1240) was a Prince of Gwynedd and eventually ruler of much of Wales. ...
This article is about the county of Wales. ...
Other Media In Wolf Totem, a semi-autobiography written by the Jiang Rong, the wolves mentioned live on the Mongolian Plains, so they are likely to be Eurasian wolves. The nomadic Mongolians in the story claimed to have learned much from the wolves, including battle tactics that helped them once build a vast empire, as well as understanding the importance in balancing the eco-system on the plains. The wolves were considered respectable rivals of the nomads, and bore a heavy significance in their culture. Wolf Totem is a partially autobiographical novel about the experiences of a young student from Beijing who finds himself sent down to the countryside of Inner Mongolia in 1967, at the height of Chinas Cultural Revolution. ...
References Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 253rd day of the year (254th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 253rd day of the year (254th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
The UK Wolf Conservation Trust is a non-profit organisation based in Berkshire, England. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 253rd day of the year (254th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
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