Eurocopter Tiger
Eurocopter Tiger in Australian Army colours at the Avalon Airshow
Type	Attack helicopter
Manufacturer	Eurocopter Group
Maiden flight	April 1991
Primary users	German Army Australian Army French Army Spanish Army

The Eurocopter Tiger is an attack helicopter manufactured by the Eurocopter Group. In Germany it is known as the Tiger; in France and Spain it is called the Tigre. It is also designated the EC 665 or PAH-2. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x960, 246 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Eurocopter Tiger ... Australian International Airshow is a large airshow held every two years at Avalon Airport near Geelong, Australia. ... A Russian Mil Mi-24 attack helicopter. ... An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft. ... The Eurocopter Group is a global helicopter manufacturing and support company formed in 1992 from the merger of the helicopter divisions of French Aérospatiale and German DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG (DASA). ... The Maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1991: Events January January 16 - American and Continental. ... The German Army (German: Heer, [IPA: heɐ]  ) is the land component of the Bundeswehr (Federal Defence Forces) of the Federal Republic of Germany. ... The Australian Army is Australias military land force. ... The French Army (French: Armée de Terre) is the land-based component of the French Armed Forces. ... The Spanish Army (Ejército de Tierra in Spanish; literally, Land Army) is one branch of the Spanish Armed Forces, in charge of land operations. ... A Russian Mil Mi-24 attack helicopter. ... The Eurocopter Group is a global helicopter manufacturing and support company formed in 1992 from the merger of the helicopter divisions of French Aérospatiale and German DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG (DASA). ...

History

In 1984 the German and French governments issued a requirement for an advanced multi-role battlefield helicopter. A joint venture consisting of MBB and Aerospatiale was subsequently chosen as the preferred supplier. Due to high costs, the program was canceled in 1986, but was relaunched during 1987. Subsequently, in November 1989, Eurocopter received a contract to build 5 prototypes. Three were to be unarmed testbeds and the other two armed prototypes: one for the German anti-tank variant and the other for the French escort helicopter variant. Year 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar). ... Link title For other uses, see Helicopter (disambiguation). ... Messerschmitt is a famous German aircraft manufacturer, known primarily for their World War II fighter aircraft, notably the Bf 109 and Me 262. ... The Aerospatiale Corvette first flew in 1970 and went into service in 1974. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ...

The first prototype first flew in April 1991. When Aerospatiale and MBB, among others, merged in 1992 to form the Eurocopter Group, the Tiger program was transferred as well. Serial production of the Tiger began in March 2002 and the first flight of the first production Tiger HAP for the French Army took place in March 2003. The delivery of the first of the eighty helicopters ordered by the French took place in September 2003. This is a list of aviation-related events from 1991: Events January January 16 - American and Continental. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

At the end of 2003 deliveries began of the 80 UHT version combat support helicopters ordered by Germany to the Federal Office of Defense Technology and Procurement.

Export orders

In December 2001 Eurocopter was awarded the contract for the Australian Army’s "Air 87 Requirement", which was for 22 helicopters of the Tiger ARH (Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter) version. The first Tiger ARH was scheduled to enter service in 2004. Some local assembly and production will also take place. Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In September 2003, Spain selected a variant of the Tiger HAP combat support helicopter - the Tiger HAD - for its army. The 24 helicopters of this type that have been ordered will be armed with the Trigat and Mistral missile systems. They will also have an uprated Enhanced MTR390 engine and a heavier payload. Deliveries are scheduled for 2007 - 2008[1]. France opted to upgrade most of its HAP Helicopter to HAD; so the HAC-Variant will never be built. 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Trigat-LR Longe Range Type air-to-ground missile Nationality Germany Era today Launch platform Helicopter Target armoured vehicles, Helicopter History Builder EADS Date of design Production period Service duration Operators see main text Variants see text Number built Specifications Type Diameter 150 mm Wing span Length 1. ... Mistral is an infrared homing surface-to-air missile manufactured by the European multinational company MBDA missile systems (formerly by Matra BAe Dynamics). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In June 2006, the Rafael Spike-ER was selected by the Spanish Army to be the ATGM of the Spanish HAD, instead of the previously announced Trigat missile system. For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Raphael (also spelled as Rafael or Rephael, and in Hebrew: רפאל - רשות לפיתוח אמצעי לחימה ) is the Israeli authority for development of weapons and military technology. ... Trigat-LR Longe Range Type air-to-ground missile Nationality Germany Era today Launch platform Helicopter Target armoured vehicles, Helicopter History Builder EADS Date of design Production period Service duration Operators see main text Variants see text Number built Specifications Type Diameter 150 mm Wing span Length 1. ...

In July, 2006, the Saudi Government signed a contract to purchase a total of 142 helicopters, including 12 Tiger attack helicopters. [2]

Variants

It should be noted that, while the Tiger has a conventional helicopter gunship configuration of the two crew sitting in tandem, it is somewhat unusual in that the pilot is in the front seat and the gunner is in the back, unlike all other current attack helicopters. As a consequence, the seats are offset to opposite sides of the centerline to improve the view forward for the gunner in the back.

Tiger HAP

The Tiger HAP/HCP (Helicoptere d'Appui Protection / Helicopter for Close Protection) is a medium-weight air-to-air combat and fire support helicopter built for the French Army.

It is fitted with a chin-mounted 30 mm gun turret and 68 mm SNEB unguided rockets for the fire support role as well as Mistral air-to-air missiles. Mistral is an infrared homing surface-to-air missile manufactured by the European multinational company MBDA missile systems (formerly by Matra BAe Dynamics). ...

UH Tiger

Tiger UHT of the German Army

Tiger UHT during a looping demonstration at ILA 2006

The UHT (from Unterstützungshubschrauber Tiger; Ger. supporting helicopter Tiger) is a medium-weight multi-role fire support helicopter built for the Bundeswehr (German Army). Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2560x1920, 1713 KB) Eurocopter Tiger auf der ILA 2006, Bild selbst erstellt Am Boden auf der rechten Seite befindet sich der HOT3 - auf der link en derTrigat LR - Startbehälter. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2560x1920, 1713 KB) Eurocopter Tiger auf der ILA 2006, Bild selbst erstellt Am Boden auf der rechten Seite befindet sich der HOT3 - auf der link en derTrigat LR - Startbehälter. ... The German Army (German: Heer, [IPA: heɐ]  ) is the land component of the Bundeswehr (Federal Defence Forces) of the Federal Republic of Germany. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... ILA2004 display area The Berlin Air Show ILA2006 belongs to the most important aerospace trade-fairs in the world and takes place in Berlin, Germany. ... German (called Deutsch in German; in German the term germanisch is equivalent to English Germanic), is a member of the western group of Germanic languages and is one of the worlds major languages. ... The Bundeswehr (German for Federal Defence Force;  ) is the name of the unified armed forces of Germany. ... The German Army (German: Heer, [IPA: heɐ]  ) is the land component of the Bundeswehr (Federal Defence Forces) of the Federal Republic of Germany. ...

The UHT can carry PARS 3 LR "fire and forget" and/or HOT3 anti-tank missiles as well as 70 mm SNEB air-to-ground fire support rockets. Four AIM-92 Stinger missiles (2 on each side) are mounted for air-to-air combat. Unlike the HAP/HCP version it has no integrated gun turret, but a 12.7 mm gunpod can be fitted if needed. The German Army decided against the French 30 mm GIAT cannon that is used on other Tiger versions because of the recoil. The upgrade of the UHT with the Rheinmetall RMK30, a 30 mm recoilless autocannon, is not yet clarified due the budget.
Another noticeable difference with the HAP version is the use of a mast-mounted sight, which has a second-generation infrared channel and a TV channel. Trigat-LR Longe Range Type air-to-ground missile Nationality Germany Era today Launch platform Helicopter Target armoured vehicles, Helicopter History Builder EADS Date of design Production period Service duration Operators see main text Variants see text Number built Specifications Type Diameter 150 mm Wing span Length 1. ... HOT Type anti-tank missile Nationality France/German Era Cold War, Modern Launch platform vehicle, helicopter Target History Builder Euromissile Date of design Production period 1978 (HOT 1) Service duration Operators see text Variants HOT 1, HOT 2, HOT 3 Number built Specifications Type Diameter 0. ... The AIM-92 Stinger or ATAS (Air To Air Stinger) or ATAL is an air-to-air missile developed from the shoulder-launched FIM-92 Stinger system for use on helicopters such as the AH-64 Apache. ... An early naval cannon design, allowing the gun to roll backwards a small distance when firing The recoil when firing a gun is the backward momentum of a gun, which is equal to the forward momentum of the bullet or shell, due to conservation of momentum. ... RMK30 is a recoilless 30 mm caliber autocannon firing a caseless 30 x 250 mm ammunition cartridges. ...

Countermeasures include radar/laser/missile launch/missile approach warning receivers and decoy launchers.

Tiger ARH

The Tiger ARH (Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter) is the version used by the Australian Army. The Tiger ARH is a modified and upgraded version of the Tiger HAP with upgraded MTR390 engines as well as a laser designator incorporated in the Strix sight for the firing of Hellfire II air-to-ground missiles. Instead of the SNEB unguided missile, the ARH use the 70 mm(2.75Inch) rockets developed in Belgium. Type Air-To-Ground Missile Nationality United States Era Cold War Launch platform Helicopter, Unmanned aerial vehicle Target armored vehicles History Builder Lockheed Martin Date of design   Production period   Service duration   Operators See main text Variants See main text Number built   Specifications Type   Diameter 17. ...

Tiger HAD

The Tiger HAD (Hélicoptère d'Appui Destruction [3]/ Support Destruction Helicopter) version is essentially identical to the HAP version, but with 14% more engine power available due to the upgraded Enhanced MTR390 engines and a better ballistic protection. It can also be equipped with the Trigat anti-tank missiles that were originally developed for the German UHT version. Trigat-LR Longe Range Type air-to-ground missile Nationality Germany Era today Launch platform Helicopter Target armoured vehicles, Helicopter History Builder EADS Date of design Production period Service duration Operators see main text Variants see text Number built Specifications Type Diameter 150 mm Wing span Length 1. ...

The helicopter is suited for a support and fire suppression role and has been selected by the Spanish Army. The French Army Light Aviation (ALAT) decided to upgrade most of their HAP helicopters to the HAD-Variant and thus the former HAC Variant (i.e. Hélicoptère Anti-Char or Helicopter Anti-Tank) was cancelled. The French Army Light Aviation (French: Aviation Légère de l’Armée de Terre) (ALAT) is a the aviation part of the French Army. ...

By June 2006, 28 production Tigers were flying, including 18 aircraft delivered to their customers of 4 countries. These 28 aircraft had logged about 4000 flight hours together.

Cost

The system cost (helicopter, armament, support) depends on number and version:

• Tiger HAP $35-39 million USD
• Tiger ARH $36 million USD
• Tiger HAD $44-48 million USD
• Tiger UHT $38-43 million USD
• (Comparison Apache Longbow $48-52 million USD)

ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, Cambodia, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... The AH-64 Apache is the United States Armys principal attack helicopter, and is the successor to the AH-1 Cobra. ...

Operators

Military operators

The Tiger is used or will be used by the following countries:

•  Australia: 22 aircraft of the ARH version
•  France: 80 aircraft - 40 HAP and 40 HAD
•  Germany: 80 aircraft - all of the UHT version
•  Spain: 24 aircraft of the HAD version
•  Saudi Arabia: Expected to buy 12 aircraft - similar to HAD version ^[1]

Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Spain. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia. ...

Specifications (Eurocopter Tiger)

General characteristics

• Crew: 2 (pilot, weapon systems officer)
• Length: 14.08 m fuselage (46 ft 2 in)
• Rotor diameter: 13.00 m (42 ft 8 in)
• Height: 3.83 m (12 ft 7 in)
• Disc area: 133 m² (1,430 ft²)
• Empty weight: 3,060 kg (6,750 lb)
• Max takeoff weight: 6,000 kg (13,000 lb)
• Internal fuel capacity: 1,080 kg (2,380 lb)
• Powerplant: 2× Rolls-Royce/Turboméca/MTU MTR390 turboshafts, 873 kW (1,170 shp) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 280 km/h (151 knots, 175 mph)
• Range: 800 km (430 nm, 500 mi) combat
• Ferry range: 1,300 km (700 nm, 800 mi)
• Service ceiling: 4,000 m (13,000 ft)
• Rate of climb: 10.7 m/s (2,105 ft/min)

Armament

• Guns:
  
  • 1× 30 mm (1.18 in) GIAT 30 cannon in chin turret (HAP, HAD, ARH) or
  • 1× 12.7 mm (0.50 in) or 20 mm (0.787 in) gun in pod (UHT)
• Rockets: Pods of
  • 19× 70 mm (2.76 in) SNEB (UHT, HAD), or
  • 19× 70 mm Hydra (ARH), or
  • 22× 68 mm (2.68 in) SNEB (HAP), or
  • 7× 70 mm SNEB or unguided rockets (HAD)
• Missiles:
  
  • 8× PARS 3 LR and/or HOT3 (UHT, French HAD) or
  • 8× Rafael Spike-ER (Spanish HAD) or
  • 8× AGM-114 Hellfire anti-tank missiles (ARH)
  • 4× AIM-92 Stinger air-to-air missiles (UHT, ARH) or
  • 4× Mistral air-to-air missiles (HAP, HAD)

In aviation, the Maximum Take-Off Weight (or MTOW) is the maximum weight with which an aircraft is allowed to try to achieve flight. ... Rolls-Royce plc is a British aircraft engine maker; the second-largest in the world, behind General Electric Aviation. ... Founded in 1938, Turbomeca is one of the leading manufacturers of low and medium-power gas turbine for helicopters. ... MTU Aero Engines, Germanys leading aircraft engine manufacturer, develops, manufactures and provides service support for aircraft engines, military and civil alike. ... The MTR390 is a turboshaft developed for light helicopter applications by an alliance of three European aero-engine manufacturers, MTU, Turbomeca and Rolls-Royce. ... Schematic diagram showing the operation of a simplified turboshaft engine. ... VNO of an aircraft is the V speed which refers to the velocity of normal operation. ... The maximal total range is the distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing as limited by its fuel capacity. ... In aeronautics, the service ceiling is the maximum density altitude where the best rate of climb airspeed will produce a 100 feet per minute climb(twin engine) and 50 feet(single engine) at maximum weight while in a clean configuration with maximum continuous power. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... The GIAT 30 is a series of 30mm cannon developed to replace the DEFA 550 series weapons on French military aircraft. ... Hydra 70 missiles on a helicopter platform The Hydra 70 rocket is a weapon derived from the 2. ... Trigat-LR Longe Range Type air-to-ground missile Nationality Germany Era today Launch platform Helicopter Target armoured vehicles, Helicopter History Builder EADS Date of design Production period Service duration Operators see main text Variants see text Number built Specifications Type Diameter 150 mm Wing span Length 1. ... HOT Type anti-tank missile Nationality France/German Era Cold War, Modern Launch platform vehicle, helicopter Target History Builder Euromissile Date of design Production period 1978 (HOT 1) Service duration Operators see text Variants HOT 1, HOT 2, HOT 3 Number built Specifications Type Diameter 0. ... A Spike-MR is being fired during the winter in Finland Spike is a fourth generation anti-tank guided missile developed by the Israeli company Rafael. ... Type Air-To-Ground Missile Nationality United States Era Cold War Launch platform Helicopter, Unmanned aerial vehicle Target armored vehicles History Builder Lockheed Martin Date of design   Production period   Service duration   Operators See main text Variants See main text Number built   Specifications Type   Diameter 17. ... An Anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) is a missile the primary purpose of which is to hit and destroy tanks. ... The AIM-92 Stinger or ATAS (Air To Air Stinger) or ATAL is an air-to-air missile developed from the shoulder-launched FIM-92 Stinger system for use on helicopters such as the AH-64 Apache. ... Mistral is an infrared homing surface-to-air missile manufactured by the European multinational company MBDA missile systems (formerly by Matra BAe Dynamics). ...

Popular culture

Main article: Helicopters in popular culture

// The Helicopter has unique characteristics which have led to it being featured in films, video games, and other media. ...

External links

• Tiger HAP at Eurocopter.com
• Tiger UHT at Eurocopter.com
• Tiger UHT at Deutschesheer.de (German Army's website)
• Tigre at the 2007 Paris Airshow

The Paris Air Show (Salon International de lAéronautique et de lEspace, Paris-Le Bourget) is an international trade fair for the aerospace business. ...

Related content

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Eurocopter Tiger

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...

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• WZ-10
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