The formation of the European Advisory Commission (EAC) was agreed on at the Moscow Conference on October 30, 1943 between the foreign ministers of the United Kingdom, Anthony Eden, the United States of America, Cordell Hull, and the Soviet Union, Vyacheslav Molotov, and confirmed at the Teheran Conference in November. In anticipation of the defeat of Nazi-Germany and its allies this commission was to study the postwar political problems in Europe and make recommendation to the three governments, including the surrender of the European enemy states and the machinery of its fulfillment. After the EAC completed its task it was dissolved at the Potsdam Conference in August of 1945. October 30 is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 62 days remaining. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... The Right Honourable Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, KG, MC, PC (June 12, 1897– January 14, 1977), British politician, was Foreign Secretary during World War II and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the 1950s. ... Secretary Hull Cordell Hull (October 2, 1871 – July 23, 1955) served as United States Secretary of State from 1933-1944 under Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945. ... Vyacheslav Molotov Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov (Russian: ) (March 9 [O.S. February 25] 1890 –November 8, 1986), Soviet politician and diplomat, was a leading figure in the Soviet government from the 1920s, when he rose to power as a protege of Joseph Stalin, to the 1950s, when he was dismissed from... From left to right, Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill The Tehran Conference was the meeting of Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill between November 28 and December 1, 1943 that took place in Tehran, Iran. ... Flag of Nazi Germany Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, refers to the German Empire in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the control of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP), or Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as chancellor and head of state. ... Attlee, Truman, and Stalin at Potsdam The Potsdam Conference was a conference held at Cecilienhof in Potsdam, Germany (near Berlin), from July 17 to August 2, 1945. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

1944

The EAC had its seat in London at Lancaster House and started its work on January 14, 1944. William Strang was the British delegate, while on the American and Soviet side the respective ambassadors were the delegates,John G. Winant and Feodor T Gousev. The American military advisor was Cornelius Wickersham. George F. Kennan was a member of the American delegation in 1944. London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England. ... Lancaster House is a mansion in the St Jamess district in the West End of London. ... January 14 is the 14th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... William Strang (February 3, 1859 - 1921) was a Scottish painter and engraver. ... John Gilbert Winant (1889-1947) was a U.S. politician. ... George Frost Kennan (February 16, 1904 – March 17, 2005) was an American advisor, diplomat, political scientist, and historian, best known as the father of containment and as a key figure in the emergence of the Cold War. ...

At the Teheran Conference it was decided to hand over a large portion of German territory to Poland with the Oder-Neisse line as the eastern border of post-war Germany, and discussion about a possible partition of Germany were initiated by Roosevelt. Based on these premises, the EAC worked out the following recommendations during 1944: From left to right, Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill The Tehran Conference was the meeting of Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill between November 28 and December 1, 1943 that took place in Tehran, Iran. ... The Oder-Neisse line (German: Oder-Neiße-Grenze; Polish: Granica na Odrze i Nysie Łużyckiej) is the border between Germany and Poland. ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States (1933-1945), is best known for leading the U.S. through the Great Depression with his New Deal programs, building a powerful political coalition -- the New Deal Coalition -- that dominated American politics for decades, a...

• Partition of Germany into three occupied zones, each controlled by one power.
• Creation of the Allied Control Council (ACC)
• The ACC could only act in consensus.
• Partition of Berlin in three sectors.
• Separation of Austria which would also undergo a tripartite occupation, and Vienna to be occupied by three powers.
• Establishment of an Allied Commission for Austria.
• Draft instructions for the “unconditional surrender of Germany”
• Proposals for control machinery for administration.
• Establishment of an Allied Commission for Italy.

Image:Smalbldg. ... Consensus has two common meanings. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Vienna (German: Wien [viːn]; Slovenian: Dunaj, Hungarian: Bécs, Czech: Vídeň, Slovak: Viedeň, Romany Vidnya; Croatian and Serbian: Beč) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... Unconditional surrender refers to a surrender without conditions, except for those provided by international law. ... Following the termination of hostilities in World War II, the Allied Powers were in control of the defeated Axis countries. ...

1945

The work of the EAC was discussed at the Yalta Conference in 1945 where a major modification was approved as France received a seat on the ACC, and a future occupation zone in Germany was carved out from territory assigned to Great Britain and the United States. In addition, France received a future occupation zone in western Austria. The Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, was the wartime meeting from February 4 to 11, 1945 between the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union. ...

On June 5, 1945 the European Advisory Commission assumed briefly full control over Germany. Members included General Dwight Eisenhower for the U.S., Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery for Britain, and Marshal Georgy Zhukov for the Soviet Union. The commission delimited German territory to its territory of December 31, 1937 minus territory handed over to Poland and the Soviet Union, divided Germany into four zones of occupation under American, British, French, and Soviet military administration and separately divided Berlin into four sectors. The Commission ceased to exist after the Potsdam Conference, and the ACC was nominally the highest power in Germany, while in reality, each occupied zone was ruled by the respective occupying power Dwight David Ike Eisenhower (October 14, 1890–March 28, 1969), American soldier and politician, was the 34th President of the United States (1953–1961) and supreme commander of the Allied forces in Europe during World War II, with the rank of General of the Army. ... Bernard Law Montgomery Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein (November 17, 1887 - March 24, 1976) was a British military officer during World War II often referred to as Monty. ... Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgi Zhukov Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov (Russian: Георгий Константинович Жуков) (December 1 [O.S. November 19] 1896 – June 18, 1974), Soviet military commander and politician, considered by many as one of the most successful field commanders of World War II. // Prewar career Born into a peasant family in Strelkovka... The four occupation zones The Allied powers who defeated Germany in World War II divided the country west of the Oder River into four occupation zones for administrative purposes during the period 1945-1949. ...

Aftermath

The recommendations of the EAC shaped the development of postwar Europe. While it was by no means obvious at the Potsdam Conference that Germany would be partitioned into two states, the recommendations of the EAC allowed each occupying power full control over its occupied zone and deprived the ACC of an overruling influence. The subsequent East-West conflict thus was reflected in the partition of Germany as each occupying force could develop its zone on its own. The EAC failed to be specific about length and terms of occupation and different zones underwent different occupation experiences. The Soviet-occupied zone suffered disproportionally from reparations while the Western Zone benefited from stimulatory economic impacts such as the Marshall plan For the generic term for high-tension and / or indirect struggle between states, falling short of actual open hostilities, see cold war (war). ... Reparations refers to two distinct ideas: Reparations for slavery of groups or individuals War reparations: Payments from one country to another as compensation for starting a war under a peace treaty, such as those made by Germany to France under the Treaty of Versailles. ... Map of Europe showing the countries that received Marshall Plan aid. ...

See also

• Allied Occupation Zones in Germany
• Allied Control Council

The four occupation zones The Allied powers who defeated Germany in World War II divided the country west of the Oder River into four occupation zones for administrative purposes during the period 1945-1949. ... Image:Smalbldg. ...

References

Smyser WR: From Yalta to Berlin. St.Martin’s Press, New York, 1999