Europeanisation (or Europeanization) refers to a number of related phenomena and patterns of change. A definition that is in the most popular usage (outside of the social sciences) is that these changes are related to the growth of a European continental identity or polity over and above national identities and polities within the continent. A more nuanced analysis posits that the institutional interaction of policy actors at the various levels of European governance leads to the re-definition of national, regional and other indentities within a European context, where the multiple levels of governance in Europe are not seen as neccessarily in oppostion to one another ^[1]. An elected representative can, for example, see his loyalties and responsibilites as lying with Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain and Europe. Some scholars, including Samuel Huntington^[2], argue that citizens of European states increasingly identify themselves as such, rather than French, German, etc. This article is about the continent. ... // Nationalism is an ideology which holds that the nation, ethnicity or national identity is a fundamental unit of human social life, and makes certain political claims based upon that belief; above all, the claim that the nation is the only legitimate basis for the state, and that each nation is... Regionalism in Politics: regionalisation Regionalism in Architecture: Critical_Regionalism ... This article may be confusing for some readers, and should be edited to enhance clarity. ... Barcelona within Barcelonès Population (2003) 1,582,738 Area 100. ... Capital Barcelona Official languages Spanish and Catalan In Val dAran, also Aranese. ... A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is the worlds second-smallest continent in terms of area, with an area of 10,600,000 km² (4,140,625 square miles), making it larger than Australia only. ... Samuel Phillips Huntington (born April 18, 1927) is a political scientist known for his analysis of the relationship between the military and the civil government, his investigation of coup detats, and his thesis that the central political actors of the 21st century will be civilizations rather than nation-states. ...

An obvious area of change is in the institutions of Europe; the growth of the European Union and the gradual acquisition of authority over the national member governments in numerous areas is creating a centralised European polity. The Economic and Monetary Union would be an example of this; in this case, the nations using the euro have passed control of their monetary policy to the European Central Bank. In economics, a monetary union is a situation where several countries have agreed to share a single currency among them. ... The euro (€; ISO 4217 code EUR) is the currency of twelve European Union member states: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain, collectively known as the Eurozone. ... Monetary policy is the process of managing money supply to achieve specific goals—such as constraining inflation, achieving full employment or economic growth. ... The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt am Main, Germany is the central bank of the eurozone, in charge of monetary policy for the 12 countries that use the euro currency. ...

Whether Europeanisation is a continuing process that will eventually lead to a full European government or whether centralisation will be unable to overcome persisting national identities is a matter of some debate.

See also

• European integration
• Europeanism
• Globalization

European integration is the process of political and economic (and in some cases social and cultural) integration of European states into a tighter bloc. ... A derivative or related concept and attitude to nationalism, Europeanism asserts or expects that the people of Europe, most especially the citizens of the European Union have already a collective identity, or are developing a collective identity with the passage of time. ... Globalisation is a recent term used to describe the changes in societies and the world economy that result from dramatically increased international trade and cultural exchange. ...

References

• ^ Robert Harmsen & Thomas M. Wilson (ed.s), Europeanization: Institution, Identities and Citizenship, (Atlanta: Rodopi, 2000) ISBN 9042014237.
• ^ Samuel Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations, Foreign Affairs, 1993.
• Johan Olsen, The Many Faces of Europeanization, ARENA Working Papers, 2002.

This article is about the year 2000. ... Foreign Affairs is the foremost American journal of international relations. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... 2002 (MMII) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Europeanisation Papers - Queen's University, Belfast.
• European Research Papers Archive