Map showing countries by their relation to the Union, including ENP and ACP countries (covering much of the Eurosphere).

The concept of the ‘Eurosphere’ or ‘European Empire’ has grown in popularity in the early years of the 21st century, and is associated with the public intellectual, Mark Leonard,^[1] the academic at the University of Oxford, Jan Zielonka,^[2] the strategist and European Union Director-General for Politico-Military Affairs, Robert Cooper;^[3] and the President of the European Commission, José Manuel Barroso.^[4] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 407 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,753 × 1,400 pixels, file size: 96 KB, MIME type: image/png) Map showing; The EU EEA/EFTA/CU/Euro/Candiate/SAA ENP & Potential ENP ACP Adapted from Image:EUmap. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 407 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,753 × 1,400 pixels, file size: 96 KB, MIME type: image/png) Map showing; The EU EEA/EFTA/CU/Euro/Candiate/SAA ENP & Potential ENP ACP Adapted from Image:EUmap. ... ACP States The ACP States are the countries that are signatories of the Lomé Convention. ... 20XX redirects here. ... Mark Leonard is a British foreign policy thinker and the author of the book Why Europe will run the 21st Century. ... The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University), located in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... Robert Francis Cooper has been Director-General for External and Politico-Military Affairs at the General Secretariat of the Council of the European Union since 2002, responsible to Javier Solana, High Representative of the EUs Common Foreign and Security Policy. ... Berlaymont, the Commissions seat The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive branch of the European Union. ... José Manuel Durão Barroso (pronunced: IPA, ) (born in Lisbon, March 23, 1956) is a Portuguese politician. ...

Over the past 50 years, the European Union has expanded from 6 members to 27, there are 7 candidate and potential candidate countries waiting to join. A number of western European countries are integrated economically, as part of the Union's single market and/or using its single currency. Through its Common Foreign and Security Policy it has a capability to speak with one voice in the world and has association and free trade agreements with a large number of states, through the European Neighbourhood Policy an Barcelona process is it creating closer ties with those countries on its borders, while developed ties with former colonies, now the ACP countries. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The European Union (EU) was created by six founding states in 1957 (following the earlier establishment by the same six states of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952) and has grown to 27 member states. ... European Empire is a relatively new and obscure phrase used to describe the rapid expansion of the European Union. ... Foreign relations of the European Union Foreign relations of Austria Foreign relations of Belgium Foreign relations of Cyprus Foreign relations of the Czech Republic Foreign relations of Denmark Foreign relations of Estonia Foreign relations of Finland Foreign relations of France Foreign relations of Germany Foreign relations of Greece Foreign relations... The European Neighbourhood is the region beyond the frontier of the European Union. ... The European Security and Defence Policy or ESDP is a major element of the Common Foreign and Security Policy pillar of the European Union (EU). ... Pax Europea, Latin for the European peace, is the long period of relative peace experienced by Northern and Western Europe (including Greece and Turkey) in the period following World War II—often associated above all with the creation of the European Union and its predecessors. ... The Common Foreign and Security Policy, or CFSP, was established as the second of the three pillars of the European Union in the Maastricht treaty of 1992, and further defined and broadened in the Amsterdam Treaty of 1999. ... A European Union Association Agreement (for short, Association Agreement or AA) is a treaty between the European Union (EU) and a non-EU country that creates a framework for co-operation between them. ... The European Neighbourhood is the region beyond the frontier of the European Union. ... The conference is sometimes referred to by European sources as Common Strategy on the EU countries, and 12 Middle East and North African countries. ... ACP States The ACP States are the countries that are signatories of the Lomé Convention. ...

Membership in particular has seen a great deal of reform in countries seeking to join; for example the huge reforms seen in Turkey such as the abolition of capital punishment^[5]. The development of the Union's influence, and the draw of membership, has been subject to a number of academic writings. For example, Mark Leonard describes the area of EU influence as the Eurosphere, some names are less positive. Capital punishment, or the death penalty, is the execution of a convicted criminal by the state as punishment for crimes known as capital crimes or capital offences. ...

Countries within the Eurosphere

According to Mark Leonard, the Eurosphere includes (what were in 2004) 109 countries. In Europe, these were the then-25 members, applicant countries, western Balkan countries and European CIS countries (including transcontinental countries such as Kazakhstan). Curiously he does not mention western European countries such as Norway who are integrated into the EU's single market. Outside Europe, he gives a blanket list of every African country and every Middle Eastern country, that is so the countries forming the eastern border of the Eurosphere are Iran, Azerbaijan, Russia and Kazakhstan.^[6] ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...

Other countries that could be said to be within the Eurosphere might include western European countries, such as those in the European Economic Area or using the euro, or the Union's overseas territories. Both these groups have strong economic links, through the afore mentioned relationships.  EFTA countries (except Switzerland)  EU countries Together these form the EEA. The European Economic Area (EEA) came into being on January 1, 1994 following an agreement between the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the European Union (EU). ... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ... Map of European Union in the world  European Union  Outermost regions  Overseas countries and territories Map of EU member states and candidate countries, with an inset showing the 7 outermost regions // Two parts of the Treaty of Rome deal with special relationships: Article 299 which sets out the territories to...

Quotes

List of countries concerned

Image File history File links Flag_of_Bermuda. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greenland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Africa. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ...

See also

The European Century is a term, which was first used by Mark Leonard in his book Perpetual Power: Why Europe Will Run the 21st Century and is used to describe the belief that the 21st century will become a century in which the current European way of doing things will... Mark Leonard is a British foreign policy thinker and the author of the book Why Europe will run the 21st Century. ... The Centre for European Reform is a London-based think tank devoted to improving the quality of the debate on the European Union. ... Foreign relations of the European Union Foreign relations of Austria Foreign relations of Belgium Foreign relations of Cyprus Foreign relations of the Czech Republic Foreign relations of Denmark Foreign relations of Estonia Foreign relations of Finland Foreign relations of France Foreign relations of Germany Foreign relations of Greece Foreign relations... The European Union has a number of relationships with nations that are not formally part of the Union. ... The European Union (EU) was created by six founding states in 1957 (following the earlier establishment by the same six states of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952) and has grown to 27 member states. ... A European Union Association Agreement (for short, Association Agreement or AA) is a treaty between the European Union (EU) and a non-EU country that creates a framework for co-operation between them. ...  EFTA countries (except Switzerland)  EU countries Together these form the EEA. The European Economic Area (EEA) came into being on January 1, 1994 following an agreement between the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the European Union (EU). ... The European Neighbourhood is the region beyond the frontier of the European Union. ... The conference is sometimes referred to by European sources as Common Strategy on the EU countries, and 12 Middle East and North African countries. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Barcelona Conference. ... The Mediterranean Union (French: Union méditerranéenne) is a proposed community of countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. ... European Community Humanitarian aid Office (ECHO) is the European Commissions department for humanitarian aid. ... Development cooperation between the European Union and the countries of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP countries) is celebrating its 50th anniversary in 2007. ... ACP Logo The ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly was created out of a common desire to bring together the elected representatives of the European Community - the Members of the European Parliament - and the elected representatives of the African, Caribbean and Pacific states (ACP countries) that have signed the Cotonou Agreement... The United States of Europe is a name given to one version of the hypothetical unification scenarios of Europe, as a sovereign federation of states, similar to the United States of America, both as projected by writers of speculative fiction and by political scientists and politicians. ...

References

1. ^ Leonard, M. (2005), Why Europe will run the 21st century, Fourth Estate: London.
2. ^ Zielonka, J. (2006), Europe as Empire, Oxford University Press: Oxford.
3. ^ Cooper, R. (2003), The Breaking of Nations, Atlantic Books: London.
4. ^ Birth of a New Rome? www.globalpowereurope.eu
5. ^ EU-Turkey relations euractiv.com
6. ^ Leonard, M. Why Europe will run the 21st century (2004, Fourth Estate). Appendix: p.145-146.

Oxford University Press (OUP) is a highly-respected publishing house and a department of the University of Oxford in England. ...

External links

• [1] The EU as a Regional Normative Hegemon: The Case of European Neighbourhood Policy
• Mahony, Honor (2007-07-11) Barroso says EU is an 'empire' - EU Observer.