Franchise(s):	Not subject to franchising International joint operation service began 1994
Main stations(s):	London Waterloo (14th Nov 1994 to 13th Nov 2007), London St Pancras (since 14th Nov 2007), Paris Gare du Nord, Bruxelles-Midi/Brussel-Zuid Eurostar can refer to: Eurostar, the train service between London and Paris/Brussels. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1632x1232, 676 KB) Summary Two Eurostars at Waterloo International. ... For other uses, see Waterloo station (disambiguation). ... St Pancras railway station, now officially known as St Pancras International, is a major station located in the St Pancras area of central London, between the new British Library building to the west and Kings Cross station to the east. ... Main entrance to the Gare du Nord The Gare du Nord (English: North Station) is one of the six large terminus stations of the SNCFs main line network in Paris. ... Bruxelles-Midi / Brussel-Zuid (Brussels South) is a major railway station in Brussels, the capital city of Belgium. ...
Other stations(s):	Ebbsfleet Int., Stratford Int., Ashford Int., Calais-Fréthun, Lille-Europe, Marne-la-Vallée, Avignon Centre, Bourg-Saint-Maurice, Aime-la-Plagne, Moûtiers
Fleet size:	27 Class 373 sets
Stations called at:	11 (13 when CTRL is fully operational)
National Rail abbreviation:	ES
Parent company:	Eurostar (U.K.) Ltd., SNCF, NMBS/SNCB
Web site:	www.eurostar.com

A Eurostar on the CTRL going through the Medway Towns

Eurostar is a train service connecting London and Kent in Britain, with France (primarily Paris and Lille) and Brussels in Belgium. Trains cross the English Channel via the Channel Tunnel. In Southern England, a new railway line has been built to the same high-speed LGV standards used in France. The two-phase Channel Tunnel Rail Link ("CTRL") project has been partially in operation since 2003, reducing times to and from London Waterloo. The second phase of the new line and the new St Pancras railway station opened at 09:00 on November 14, 2007 and is known as High Speed 1. Ebbsfleet International railway station is a new railway station in Ebbsfleet, in the borough of Dartford, Kent. ... Stratford International station is a railway station located in Stratford in the London Borough of Newham in East London. ... Ashford International railway station serves Ashford in Kent. ... Calais-Fréthun is a mainline and international station in the suburbs of Calais, France, one of two railway stations serving the town (the other being Calais-Ville). ... Platforms 43 and 45. ... Marne-la-Vallée - Chessy is a station of the RER system in the ÃŽle-de-France region of France, about 30 kilometres east of Paris. ... City flag City coat of arms Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Région Provence-Alpes-Côte dAzur Département Vaucluse (préfecture) Arrondissement Avignon Canton Chief town of 4 cantons Intercommunality Communauté dagglomération du Grand Avignon Mayor Marie-Josée Roig... Bourg-Saint-Maurice is a commune of the Savoie département, in France. ... Aime-la-Plagne station is a station in the Savoie département of France. ... For other places called Moûtiers or Moutiers, see Moutiers. ... The British Rail Class 373 or TGV-TMST train is an electric multiple unit that operates the Eurostar service from London Waterloo to France and Belgium. ... A Eurostar train on the CTRL, near Ashford The Channel Tunnel Rail Link (CTRL) is a project to construct a 108 km (67 mile) high-speed railway line from London through Kent to the British end of the Channel Tunnel. ... Eurostar (U.K.) Limited or EUKL is the United Kingdom partner of Eurostar, responsible for the operation of the groups train services in Britain. ... SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) (French National Railway Company) is a French public enterprise. ... NMBS/SNCB trains in Antwerp-Central The NMBS (Dutch: Nationale Maatschappij der Belgische Spoorwegen) or SNCB (French: Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Belges, not to be confused with SNCF) is the Belgian national railway operator. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (480x640, 95 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Eurostar Channel Tunnel Rail Link Portal:Trains/Featured picture candidates Portal:Trains/Featured picture candidates/Image:Eurostar on CTRL.jpg ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (480x640, 95 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Eurostar Channel Tunnel Rail Link Portal:Trains/Featured picture candidates Portal:Trains/Featured picture candidates/Image:Eurostar on CTRL.jpg ... This article is about Medway in England. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see Kent (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... For other uses, see Lille (disambiguation). ... For other places with the same name, see Brussels (disambiguation). ... For the Thoroughbred racehorse of the same name, see English Channel (horse). ... The British terminal at Cheriton in west Folkestone, from the Pilgrims Way. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... French-designed Eurostar and Thalys TGVs side-by-side in the Paris-Gare du Nord. ... LGV may be: Lymphogranuloma venereum Ligne a grande vitesse, French high speed railway line. ... A Eurostar train on the CTRL, near Ashford The Channel Tunnel Rail Link (CTRL) is a project to construct a 108 km (67 mile) high-speed railway line from London through Kent to the British end of the Channel Tunnel. ... For other uses, see Waterloo station (disambiguation). ... St Pancras railway station, now officially known as St Pancras International, is a major station located in the St Pancras area of central London, between the new British Library building to the west and Kings Cross station to the east. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

Services past, present, and future

Since the first revenue-earning Eurostar trains ran in November 1994, Eurostar has established a dominant share of the market on the routes it serves. In November 2004 Eurostar stated that their share of the combined rail/air market share had grown to 68% for London-Paris and 63% for London-Brussels. The company noted that these passenger figures represented a saving of 393,000 carbon dioxide-producing short-haul flights. Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. ...

Works about to finish near Brussels South train station will additionally provide a four-minute improvement for all Brussels-bound services. Completion of the dedicated rail link on the British side will allow a significant potential increase in the number of Eurostar trains serving London. Separation of the CTRL from UK domestic railway services through Kent means that timetabling for Eurostar train paths will be unaffected by peak-hour restrictions. After CTRL2 is completed, up to eight trains per hour in each direction will be able to travel from London to Continental Europe, moving the bottleneck in capacity to the Channel Tunnel itself. Bruxelles-Midi / Brussel-Zuid (Brussels South) is a major railway station in Brussels, the capital city of Belgium. ... Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands and, at times, peninsulas. ... A bottleneck is literally the neck of a glass or pottery bottle. ... The British terminal at Cheriton in west Folkestone, from the Pilgrims Way. ...

Some Eurostar services stop en route to Brussels and Paris. Current intermediate stations are Ashford International, and Calais-Fréthun and Lille-Europe in northern France. Eurostar also run daily services to Disneyland Paris, a weekly summer-time Avignon service, and twice-weekly to Bourg-Saint-Maurice, Aime-la-Plagne and Moutiers in the French Alps for the ski season. Ashford International railway station serves Ashford in Kent. ... Calais-Fréthun is a mainline and international station in the suburbs of Calais, France, one of two railway stations serving the town (the other being Calais-Ville). ... Platforms 43 and 45. ... Castle of the Sleeping Beauty in Disneyland Park Disneyland Resort Paris is a theme park in Marne-la-Vallée, near Paris. ... City flag City coat of arms Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Région Provence-Alpes-Côte dAzur Département Vaucluse (préfecture) Arrondissement Avignon Canton Chief town of 4 cantons Intercommunality Communauté dagglomération du Grand Avignon Mayor Marie-Josée Roig... Bourg-Saint-Maurice is a commune of the Savoie département, in France. ... La Plagne is a french ski area in the Alps (Savoie). ... There are communes that have the name Moutiers and Les Moutiers in France: Moutiers, in the Eure-et-Loir département Moutiers, in the Ille-et-Vilaine département Moutiers, in the Meurthe-et-Moselle département Related Moûtiers, in the Savoie département Moutiers-au-Perche, in the... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Eurotunnel, the company that built and runs the Channel Tunnel, is a completely separate entity from Eurostar. Eurotunnel logo Eurotunnel plc (in the UK) and Eurotunnel SA (in France) make up the Eurotunnel Group, founded in August 1986, which manages and operates the Channel Tunnel between the UK and France. ...

High Speed 1

Since 14 November 2007 all Eurostar trains have been routed via High Speed 1 from the newly redeveloped London terminus at St Pancras International. St Pancras station has been extensively rebuilt and extended in length to cope with the 394 m (431 yd) Eurostar trains, with the surrounding area being regenerated as King's Cross Central. Originally Eurostar had announced its intention to retain some services to the existing Waterloo International terminal, a plan that has been ruled out on cost grounds. Some trains will serve new stations at Stratford International station in East London and Ebbsfleet International station in northwest Kent. Stratford station will be renamed Stratford Regional station when the adjacent Stratford International station is opened. Services stopping at Ashford International will be reduced to allow peak-time services to stop instead at Ebbsfleet. Withdrawing services from a station opened only a decade ago provoked controversy from the local community, but Eurostar has rejected accusations that it is "moth-balling" Ashford International.^[1] On 3 April 2007 a petition with 8,000 signatures was taken to London Waterloo calling for an [EU] enquiry into the impact of the reduced services from Ashford International.^[2]. is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... St Pancras railway station, now officially known as St Pancras International, is a major station located in the St Pancras area of central London, between the new British Library building to the west and Kings Cross station to the east. ... Kings Cross Central (KXC) extends to approximately 25 Hectares. ... For other uses, see Waterloo station (disambiguation). ... Stratford International station is a railway station located in Stratford in the London Borough of Newham in East London. ... East London area East London is the name commonly given to the north eastern part of London, England on the north side of the River Thames. ... Ebbsfleet International railway station is a new railway station in Ebbsfleet, in the borough of Dartford, Kent. ... This article is about Stratford Regional station in London. ... is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

On 13 November 2007 at 18:12 the last Eurostar train left Waterloo train Station. is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

From 2003, the journey time from London to Paris has been 2 hours 35 minutes, to Brussels 2 hours 20 minutes. In November 2007, times from London to the Channel Tunnel will be cut by 20 minutes, when High Speed 1 is complete, bringing the British portion of the route up to the same standards as the French and Belgian LGV high-speed sections, and allowing 300 km/h running. This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... LGV construction is the process by which the land on which TGV trains are to run is prepared for their use, involving carving the trackbed and laying the track. ...

On 4 September 2007, a special record-breaking train left Paris Gare du Nord at 10:44 (9:44 BST) and reached London St Pancras in 2 hours 3 minutes 39 seconds. French driver Francis Queret took train-set 3223/24 through France, while Briton Neil Meare took control of the train passing through Kent. Transporting journalists and railway workers, the train was the first passenger-carrying arrival at the new St Pancras station. is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... BST may be one of the following: British Summer Time Bovine Somatotropin Binary Search Tree This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

On 20 September 2007, Eurostar broke the record as it officially shortened the travel time from Brussels to London (1 hour, 43 minutes). The train left Brussels-South Station at 10:05, and reached St Pancras International Terminus at 11:48 (at 300 km/h) between the Kent coast and the capital).^[3] is the 263rd day of the year (264th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... For other places with the same name, see Brussels (disambiguation). ... The hour (symbol: h) is a unit of time. ... Bold text:This article is about the written record of a meeting. ... St Pancras International is the terminus for Eurostar trains at St Pancras railway station, in the area of central London, between the new British Library building to the west and Kings Cross Station to the east. ... Terminus can refer to: Terminal station, a bus or rail station acting as an end destination Terminus (mythology), a Roman god Jupiter (god) (also known by this name) Atlanta, Georgia, which was originally called Terminus Terminus (planet), the home planet of the Foundation in Isaac Asimovs Foundation series Terminus... Kilometre per hour (American spelling: kilometer per hour) is a unit of both speed (scalar) and velocity (vector). ...

The cost of the refurbishment of St. Pancras is £800 mllion ^[4]. On 4 September 2007, the train passed through the new £100 million Ebbsfleet International station near Dartford, Kent. St. Pancras station will be connected to the site of the 2012 Olympics at Stratford, London.^[5] is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Ebbsfleet, also known as Dartford International, is a new Eurostar station a few miles outside the M25 in Kent, on the Channel Tunnel Rail Link, which will have a 15 min journey time to St Pancras. ... Dartford is the principal town in the borough of Dartford. ... (Redirected from 2012 Olympics) Nine cities submitted bids for the 2012 Summer Olympics, and five have made it to the shortlist for hosting the Games of the XXX Olympiad. ... Stratford originally meant ford in a Roman street and is the name of several places. ...

From 30 October to early November 2007 Eurostar conducted an Integrated Volume Testing program in which some 6000 members of the public were involved in passenger check-in, immigration control and departure trials, during which the 'passengers' each made three return journeys out of St Pancras to the entrance to the London tunnel. is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

On 14 November the first commercial passenger train for Brussels departed St Pancras at 1106 GMT, with the first arrival from the same city pulling into St Pancras at 1109 GMT. The first train to Paris departed St Pancras at 1103 GMT and arrived at Gare du Nord on time at 1317 GMT. [1] is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other places with the same name, see Brussels (disambiguation). ... Things called Saint Pancras or St Pancras include: The saint after whom the others are directly or indirectly named: Saint Pancras. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Main entrance to the Gare du Nord The Gare du Nord (English: North Station) is one of the six large terminus stations of the SNCFs main line network in Paris. ...

Eurostar routes

Eurostar route map

Legend 0:00 London St. Pancras Stratford International (Not yet open) River Thames 0:15 Ebbsfleet International Fawkham Junction route to London Waterloo to 2007 0:30 Ashford International Channel Tunnel (0:21 transit) 0:54 Calais-Fréthun 1:20 Lille-Europe 1:51 Brussels-South 2:15 Paris Gare du Nord 2:33 Marne-la-Vallée – Chessy (Disneyland) 5:40 Avignon Centre 6:27 Moûtiers (ski) 6:59 Aime la Plagne (ski: set down only) 7:17 Bourg Saint Maurice (ski) Times shown are fastest timetabled journey from London St Pancras. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... St Pancras railway station, now officially known as St Pancras International, is a major station located in the St Pancras area of central London, between the new British Library building to the west and Kings Cross station to the east. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Stratford International station is a railway station located in Stratford in the London Borough of Newham in East London. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links BSicon_WTUNNEL1. ... This article is about the River Thames in southern England. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Ebbsfleet International railway station is a new railway station in Ebbsfleet, in the borough of Dartford, Kent. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Fawkham Junction is a railway junction on the Channel Tunnel Rail Link (CTRL), which links London and the Channel Tunnel in the United Kingdom. ... Facade of Waterloo Station, London Waterloo is a major train station and transport interchange located in the Waterloo district of London, which was itself named after the Battle of Waterloo in which Napoleon was defeated near Brussels. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Ashford International railway station serves Ashford in Kent. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The British terminal at Cheriton in west Folkestone, from the Pilgrims Way. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Calais-Fréthun is a mainline and international station in the suburbs of Calais, France, one of two railway stations serving the town (the other being Calais-Ville). ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Platforms 43 and 45. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Bruxelles-Midi / Brussel-Zuid (Brussels South) is a major railway station in Brussels, the capital city of Belgium. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Main entrance to the Gare du Nord The Gare du Nord (English: North Station) is one of the six large terminus stations of the SNCFs main line network in Paris. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Marne-la-Vallée - Chessy is a station of the RER system in the ÃŽle-de-France region of France, about 30 kilometres east of Paris. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... City flag City coat of arms Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Région Provence-Alpes-Côte dAzur Département Vaucluse (préfecture) Arrondissement Avignon Canton Chief town of 4 cantons Intercommunality Communauté dagglomération du Grand Avignon Mayor Marie-Josée Roig... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For other places called Moûtiers or Moutiers, see Moutiers. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... La Plagne is a french ski area in the Alps (Savoie). ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Bourg-Saint-Maurice is a commune of the Savoie département, in France. ...

The Eurostar network has 9–15 daily trains London–Paris and London–Brussels, with at least one non-stop service per day. Throughout the day Paris and Brussels services stop at Lille-Europe, Calais-Fréthun and Ashford International. In addition to the three-capitals service, there is one round-trip London–Disneyland and two seasonal services to the south of France. This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... For other places with the same name, see Brussels (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Lille (disambiguation). ... Calais (Kales in Dutch) is a town in northern France, located at 50°57N 1°52E. It is in the département of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sous-préfecture. ... Ashford may mean the following places: In Australia: Ashford, New South Wales Ashford, South Australia Electoral district of Ashford - a state electoral district in South Australia In Canada: Ashford, Quebec In the Republic of Ireland: Ashford, County Wicklow In the United Kingdom: Ashford, North Devon Ashford, South Hams, Devon Ashford... Disneyland Resort Crymych is a holiday and recreation resort in Marne-la-Vallée, a new town in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. ...

During the summer months there is one train makes the journey London–Ashford–Avignon Centre. In the winter months there are two weekly services London–Bourg Saint Maurice in the Alps. These two Snow Train services are designed to suit skiing enthusiasts, with one overnight and one daytime round-trip. City flag City coat of arms Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Région Provence-Alpes-Côte dAzur Département Vaucluse (préfecture) Arrondissement Avignon Canton Chief town of 4 cantons Intercommunality Communauté dagglomération du Grand Avignon Mayor Marie-Josée Roig... Bourg-Saint-Maurice is a commune of the Savoie département, in France. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Rolling stock

Eurostar's main rolling stock is made up of a total of 28 electric multiple unit sets, named as Class 373 in the United Kingdom and TGV373000 in France. As built, there were two sub-classes of these trains: The British Rail Class 373 or TGV-TMST train is an electric multiple unit that operates the Eurostar service from London Waterloo to France and Belgium. ...

• The Three Capitals trains are 400 metres long, weigh 800 tonnes and carry 750^[6] passengers in 18 carriages. In case of an incident in the Channel Tunnel, the trains can be divided in two in order to evacuate passengers with any unaffected carriages.
• The North of London trains have only 14 carriages rather than 18, and were designed to operate the proposed Regional Eurostar services.

The trains were constructed by GEC-Alsthom (now Alstom) at its La Rochelle (France), Belfort (France) and Washwood Heath (England) sites. They can run on third rail and various catenary voltages, drawing up to 12 MW of power and achieving a maximum in-service speed of 300 km/h (186 mph) when collecting current from 25 kV overhead catenary. They are essentially modified TGV sets, and some Eurostar trains not needed for cross-Channel runs are used in domestic TGV service by SNCF. The British terminal at Cheriton in west Folkestone, from the Pilgrims Way. ... Regional Eurostar was the name given to plans to operate Eurostar train services from Paris and Brussels to locations in the United Kingdom beyond London. ... Alstom (formerly GEC-Alsthom) (Euronext: ALO) is a large French company whose businesses are power generation, railway signalling; and manufacturing trains (e. ... Third rail at the West Falls Church Metro stop in Washington, D.C., electrified to 750 volts. ... The overhead lines of a Swiss Federal Railways track. ... For other uses, see Watt (disambiguation). ... Kilometres per hour (American spelling: kilometers per hour) is a unit of both speed (scalar) and velocity (vector). ... Miles per hour is a unit of speed, expressing the number of international miles covered per hour. ... For the group of heart conditions referred to as TGV, see Transposition of the great vessels. ... For the group of heart conditions referred to as TGV, see Transposition of the great vessels. ... SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) (French National Railway Company) is a French public enterprise. ...

In July 2003 a Eurostar train set a new UK rail speed record of 334.7 km/h (208.0 mph) during safety testing on the first section of the CTRL. This section opened for commercial services in September 2003 and has shortened journey times by 20 minutes, helping increase passenger numbers by as much as 20%. Because of the different power systems in the UK and Mainland Europe, with the existing lines in the south of England using a third-rail (at 750 volts DC) for powering their trains, and mainland Europe and elsewhere in the UK using overhead wires, the Eurostar trains have both pantographs for mainland Europe and third-rail contact shoes for use in the UK. All the Eurostars are tri-voltage (750 V DC, 25 kV 50 Hz, 3 kV DC), with five sets having quad-voltage (1500V DC) circuitry for working in the south of France. A pantograph is a device that collects electric current from overhead lines for electric trains or trams. ...

While operating on the pantograph power collection, the Eurostar has to be able to cope with three different standards of overhead catenary: regular-height catenary on the Belgian and French domestic railways and through Lille and Ashford; lower-height catenary as found on the LGV lines; and the higher catenary through the Channel Tunnel. The tunnel catenary is much higher as the tunnel carries double-deck car trains and trains carrying heavy goods vehicles. The driver of the train is required to lower the pantographs as he exits one system and raise them again when he enters the new system.

Whenever the driver lowers the pantograph and deploys the 750 volt DC shoe gear to run on the UK South Eastern regional domestic lines, the speedometer scale automatically changes from kilometres per hour to miles per hour. ^{[citation needed]} The short section of track into and out of Ashford International has dual 750 volt DC and 25 kV AC power systems with the line side speed limit signs in both imperial and metric, so that no change in the speedometer is required. Eurostar can operate at up to 300 km/h (186 mph) on high-speed lines, 160 km/h (100 mph) in the Channel Tunnel. Since there is an automatic application of the brakes if the speed exceeds 300 km/h, 160 km/h when the pantograph is in the tunnel setting, the target speed is in fact 297 and 157 km/h respectively. Speed limits in the Channel Tunnel are dictated by air-resistance, energy (heat) dissipation and the need to fit in with other trains operating at slower speeds. Ashford International railway station serves Ashford in Kent. ...

The Eurostar trains and their drivers have to be able run under four different signalling systems: the UK domestic system between Waterloo and CTRL1 near Swanley in Kent, around Ashford International Station, and at St Pancras International; the French domestic system between Paris Gare du Nord and the LGV; the Belgian domestic system between Brussels-South and the TGV line; and the TVM signalling on the LGV. LGV signalling, or in-cab signalling on lignes à grande vitesse (high-speed railway lines based on the French TGV system), differs considerably from signalling on conventional railway lines. ...

The 28 three-capitals Eurostar sets still in daily use for international services have been refurbished with a new interior, designed by Philippe Starck, started in September 2004, following customer complaints and EUKL dissatisfaction at the damage that the interiors had suffered since they had been placed into service. The old grey-yellow look (in Standard class) and grey-red look (in First/Premium First) are being replaced with a new grey-brown look in Standard and a grey-burnt orange in First class. Power points have been added to seats in First class and coaches 1 and 18 in Standard Class. Premium First class was renamed BusinessPremier. A book about Starck by Taschen alarm clock Telefunken ca. ...

One extra Eurostar power car was built, numbered 3999. In the event of an incident rendering another without a power car, the spare could be utilised. This was the case for a couple of years, when 3999 was renumbered and replaced another locomotive during rebuilding at Le Landy. It is usually held at North Pole depot in London. The sets were designed with Channel Tunnel safety in mind, and are in fact formed of two completely independent "half-sets", each with its own power car. Whilst most of the trailers rest on a shared bogie (truck), the two central trailers do not: they are simply coupled together using a Scharfenberg coupler. In the event of an incident on board, the passengers can simply be transferred to any appropriate half of the set, which would then be detached from the other half and driven out of the tunnel to safety. However, during the only incident of fire to have occurred, the power was tripped off by fire damage, making this impossible. Knuckle (AAR Type E) couplers in use AAR Type E railroad car coupling A coupling (or a coupler) is a mechanism for connecting railway cars in a train. ... The Channel Tunnel fire of 18 November 1996 occurred on a train carrying heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) and their drivers through the Channel Tunnel from France to Britain. ...

One of the two Chefs du Train is a fully authorised driver - usually the driver from the other half of the round trip (two journeys exceeds the driver's maximum driving hours). The driver who is acting as a Chef du Train occupies the rear driving cab through the tunnel. As well as the central automatic coupling, the half-sets feature Scharfenberg couplings between the power-cars and the first (motor)-trailer, giving three points where the train can be separated in an emergency. As well as the coupling, there are many electrical supply cables that are designed to rip apart (break) during a separation. These cables reportedly cost about £30,000 to replace when a separation is performed.

Due to the high speed of travel, the driver is considered to be unable to see line side signals and to be able to respond accordingly. With the TVM signalling used on the high-speed lines, the target speed for the end of the current block is displayed, along with a flashing indication for the next block if it is a different speed. Also, auxiliary signalling such as the location of neutral sections in the overhead supply and pantograph adjustment zones are displayed in cab as well as by the line side. The operation of the locomotives' circuit breakers over the neutral sections is handled automatically on the TGV lines only, but the pantograph adjustments must be performed by the driver. LGV signalling, or in-cab signalling on lignes à grande vitesse (high-speed railway lines based on the French TGV system), differs considerably from signalling on conventional railway lines. ...

The Eurostar trains have three braking systems. The motors can provide braking while operating in a regenerative mode. Each axle has four disk brakes on it. Both power cars have wheel brakes operating directly on the wheels. The combined effect of the three braking systems can bring a train travelling at 300 km/h to a complete standstill in 65 seconds. The train covers about 3.5 km during this time. A regenerative brake is an apparatus, a device or system which allows a vehicle to recapture and store part of the kinetic energy that would otherwise be lost to heat when braking. ...

Every Eurostar power car has a four-digit number starting with "3" (3xxx). This numbering fits the Eurostar as the TGV Mark 3, Mark 2 being TGV Atlantique, and Mark 1 being the original Paris-Sud-Est units. The second digit of the Eurostar number is the country of ownership:

• 30xx UK
• 31xx Belgium
• 32xx France
• 33xx Regional Eurostar

Of the 38 Eurostar sets built, 18 are required for daily three-capitals use. SNCF currently uses three repainted Eurostars for domestic services, one of which can regularly be seen working the Paris-Lille shuttle. After some political wrangling regarding TGV-branded sets turning up in London, the three SNCF domestic-sets had their 750 V DC shoe gear and yellow ends removed, preventing them from working in the UK. GNER leased up to five North-of-London Eurostars for their London-Leeds "White-Rose" service. Just like the borrowed SNCF sets, these were stripped of their Eurostar markings, two sporting a mostly-white livery, with three sets receiving full-length GNER-style deep-navy vinyl wraps. The GNER arrangement concluded in December 2005. GNER White Rose train at Kings Cross railway station Great North Eastern Railways (GNER) is a British train operating company (TOC) owned by Sea Containers Ltd. ...

In addition to its main passenger rolling stock, Eurostar also operated a number of other types:

• Class 37 - a diesel locomotive intended to operate sleeper services over non-electrified parts of the railway network in Britain. Eurostar retains three locomotives for the rescue of failed trains, route learning and driver training. These will become redundant once the new Temple Mills Depot opens.
• Class 73 - an electro-diesel locomotive used primarily to rescue failed trains. Eurostar operated two of these from its North Pole depot until 2007, when they were loaned to a pair of educational initiatives due to their becoming redundant following the move to Temple Mills.^[7][8]
• Class 92 - an electric locomotive intended to operate the sleeper services. Eurostar owned seven units of this class, which never saw service until they were sold in 2007 to Europorte 2.

The British Rail Class 37 diesel locomotives, also known as the English Electric Type 3, were commissioned as a part of the 1955 British Rail modernisation plan. ... Temple Mills TMD is a railway Traction Maintenance Depot & is situated in Stratford, north London, England. ... Class 73, no. ... North Pole depot is the UK depot for the Eurostar service, maintaing and storing the Eurostar trains. ... 92027 George Eliot at Stafford in August 2005 with an intermodal train. ... Europorte 2 is a rail freight service operator owned by Eurotunnel, which operates rail freight services between France and the United Kingdom through the Channel Tunnel. ...

Current fleet

Class	Image	Type	Top speed		Number	Routes operated	Built
			mph	km/h
Class 373 Eurostar		Electric multiple unit	186	300	28	London-Paris London-Brussels London-Marne-la-Vallée – Chessy London-Avignon London-Bourg Saint Maurice The British Rail Class 373 or TGV-TMST train is an electric multiple unit that operates the Eurostar service from London Waterloo to France and Belgium. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1632x1232, 676 KB) Summary Two Eurostars at Waterloo International. ... Trains of the Singapore MRT. EMUs are often used for rapid transit lines. ... For other uses, see Waterloo station (disambiguation). ... Main entrance to the Gare du Nord The Gare du Nord (English: North Station) is one of the six large terminus stations of the SNCFs main line network in Paris. ... For other uses, see Waterloo station (disambiguation). ... Bruxelles-Midi / Brussel-Zuid (Brussels South) is a major railway station in Brussels, the capital city of Belgium. ... For other uses, see Waterloo station (disambiguation). ... Marne-la-Vallée - Chessy is a station of the RER system in the ÃŽle-de-France region of France, about 30 kilometres east of Paris. ... For other uses, see Waterloo station (disambiguation). ... City flag City coat of arms Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Région Provence-Alpes-Côte dAzur Département Vaucluse (préfecture) Arrondissement Avignon Canton Chief town of 4 cantons Intercommunality Communauté dagglomération du Grand Avignon Mayor Marie-Josée Roig... For other uses, see Waterloo station (disambiguation). ... Bourg-Saint-Maurice is a commune of the Savoie département, in France. ...	1993

Past fleet

Class	Image	Type	Built	Withdrawn	Notes
Class 92		Electric locomotive	1993 - 1996	2007	Sold to Europorte 2
Class 73		Electro-diesel locomotive	1965 - 1967	2007	Loaned for educational purposes
Class 37		Diesel locomotive	1960 - 1965	2007	Sold to DRS

92027 George Eliot at Stafford in August 2005 with an intermodal train. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 176 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Author: Andrew Maycock 29th October 2005 at Stafford with an intermodal train. ... Modern three-phase AC locomotive (DBAG Class 152) A GG1 An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electric motors which draws current from an overhead wire (overhead lines), a third rail, or an on-board storage device such as a battery or a flywheel energy storage system. ... Europorte 2 is a rail freight service operator owned by Eurotunnel, which operates rail freight services between France and the United Kingdom through the Channel Tunnel. ... Class 73, no. ... Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 650 KB)BR Class 73, no. ... An Electro-diesel locomotive is a special type of locomotive that can be powered either from an external electricity supply (i. ... The British Rail Class 37 diesel locomotives, also known as the English Electric Type 3, were commissioned as a part of the 1955 British Rail modernisation plan. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 641 KB)BR Class 37/5, no. ... A modern Diesel locomotive. ... Class 37/0 no. ...

Regional Eurostar and Nightstar

Main article: Regional Eurostar

Part of the original proposal for Eurostar services were direct Regional Eurostar services to Paris and Brussels from Manchester (via Birmingham on the WCML) and Glasgow (via Edinburgh, Newcastle and York on the ECML). Following substantial investment in trains, facilities and test runs the proposed services did not run due to various reasons, particularly the growth of budget airlines. The closest that can now be expected is cross-platform connection with Midland Main Line trains. Seven shorter Eurostar trains were completed and these were handed over to Eurostar (UK) upon the privatisation of British Rail. Three units were leased by Great North Eastern Railway (GNER) to increase capacity on domestic services from London King's Cross railway station to York and later Leeds. Regional Eurostar was the name given to plans to operate Eurostar train services from Paris and Brussels to locations in the United Kingdom beyond London. ... Regional Eurostar was the name given to plans to operate Eurostar train services from Paris and Brussels to locations in the United Kingdom beyond London. ... This article is about the City of Manchester in England. ... This article is about the British city. ... The WCML running alongside the M1 motorway at Watford Gap in Northamptonshire A Virgin Pendolino and freight train on the WCML The West Coast Main Line (WCML) is one of the most important intercity railway lines in the United Kingdom, part of the British railway system. ... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Edinburgh (disambiguation). ... This article is about a city in the United Kingdom. ... York shown within England Coordinates: , Sovereign state Constituent country Region Yorkshire and the Humber Ceremonial county North Yorkshire Admin HQ York City Centre Founded 71 City Status 71 Government  - Type Unitary Authority, City  - Governing body City of York Council  - Leadership: Leader & Executive  - Executive: Liberal Democrat  - MPs: Hugh Bayley (L) John... The East Coast Main Line viaduct at Durham. ... Boeing 737-700 of UK low cost carrier easyJet waiting for take off at Bristol Image:SWA737-700. ... The Midland Main Line is a main railway line in the United Kingdom, part of the British railway system. ... Carrbridge Aviemore Kingussie Newtonmore Blair Atholl Pitlochry Dunkeld Gleneagles Dunblane Falkirk Stonehaven Montrose Arbroath Leuchars Kirkcaldy Inverkeithing Motherwell Edinburgh Haymarket Dunbar Berwick-upon-Tweed Alnmouth Morpeth Durham Darlington Northallerton Harrogate Horsforth Skipton Keighley Shipley Bradford Forster Sq Wakefield Westgate Brough Selby Retford Newark North Gate Grantham Stevenage London Kings Cross... Kings Cross station (often spelt Kings Cross on platform signs) is a railway station in the district of the same name in northeast central London. ... For other uses, see Leeds (disambiguation) and Leeds City (disambiguation). ...

Most of the NoL sets have since moved to SNCF, for use on domestic TGV services in northern France. Before the public opening of CTRL Section 1, regional Eurostar set 373313/14 was used to set the current UK rail-speed record. Set 373313/14 is named "Entente Cordiale" and has seen use as a VIP charter train having transported the Queen on a state visit to France and to the Entente Cordiale anniversary celebrations in 2004. On 2007-06-12 the unit was used to ferry International Olympic Committee inspectors from Stratford International to London St. Pancras, as a demonstration for Olympic Javelin services in 2012.^[9] SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) (French National Railway Company) is a French public enterprise. ... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ... The Entente Cordiale (cordial understanding) is a series of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between the United Kingdom and France. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 163rd day of the year (164th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Stamp The International Olympic Committee (French: Comité International Olympique) is an organization based in Lausanne, Switzerland, created by Pierre de Coubertin and Demetrios Vikelas on June 23, 1894. ... The Olympic Javelin is a proposed high-speed train network announced as part of the London 2012 Olympic bid. ...

Also part of the proposals were international Nightstar sleeper trains along the same routes plus the Great Western main line to Cardiff. These also did not operate and the constructed coaches were sold to VIA Rail in Canada, which branded them as Renaissance Cars.^[10] The Nightstar was a proposed overnight sleeper service from various parts of the United Kingdom to continental Europe, via the Channel Tunnel. ... Maidenhead Railway Bridge The Great Western Main Line is a main line railway in England that runs westwards from London Paddington station to Temple Meads station in Bristol. ... This article is about the capital city of Wales. ... VIA Rails trains travelling by Highway 401 near Brockville, Ontario. ...

Organisation

Eurostar services are under unified management, the Eurostar Group. In each country, a member company undertakes Eurostar operation:

• Belgium — NMBS/SNCB
• France — SNCF
• United Kingdom — Eurostar (U.K.) Ltd. or (EUKL)
  • EUKL managed (under contract) by InterCapital and Regional Rail (ICRR), a consortium of:
    • National Express Group (40%),
    • SNCF (35%)
    • NMBS/SNCB (15%)
    • British Airways (10%).

Eurostar is a member of Railteam, a marketing alliance formed in July 2007 of seven European high-speed rail operators, including Thalys.^[11] The alliance plans to allow tickets bookable from one side of Europe to the other on one website.^[11] NMBS/SNCB trains in Antwerp-Central The NMBS (Dutch: Nationale Maatschappij der Belgische Spoorwegen) or SNCB (French: Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Belges, not to be confused with SNCF) is the Belgian national railway operator. ... SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) (French National Railway Company) is a French public enterprise. ... Eurostar (U.K.) Limited or EUKL is the United Kingdom partner of Eurostar, responsible for the operation of the groups train services in Britain. ... Eurostar (U.K.) Limited or EUKL is the United Kingdom partner of Eurostar, responsible for the operation of the groups train services in Britain. ... National Express Group plc (LSE: NEX) is a UK-based transport group that operates airport, bus and rail services in the UK, the US and Canada, Australia, Spain, Portugal and Morocco and long-distance coach routes across Europe. ... SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) (French National Railway Company) is a French public enterprise. ... NMBS/SNCB trains in Antwerp-Central The NMBS (Dutch: Nationale Maatschappij der Belgische Spoorwegen) or SNCB (French: Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Belges, not to be confused with SNCF) is the Belgian national railway operator. ... For the 1930s airline of similar name, see British Airways Ltd. ... Railteam is an alliance of 7 European high-speed rail operators. ... French-designed Eurostar and Thalys TGVs side-by-side in the Paris-Gare du Nord. ... Thalys PBKA Thalys is a high-speed train network built around the high-speed line between Paris and Brussels. ...

See also

• Regional Eurostar
• TGV
• British Rail Class 373
• High Speed Two

Regional Eurostar was the name given to plans to operate Eurostar train services from Paris and Brussels to locations in the United Kingdom beyond London. ... For the group of heart conditions referred to as TGV, see Transposition of the great vessels. ... The British Rail Class 373 or TGV-TMST train is an electric multiple unit that operates the Eurostar service from London Waterloo to France and Belgium. ... High Speed Two or High Speed 2 (HS2) is a proposed railway line in the United Kingdom. ...

References

BBC News is the department within the BBC responsible for the corporations news-gathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... BBC News is the department within the BBC responsible for the corporations news-gathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... VIA Rails trains travelling by Highway 401 near Brockville, Ontario. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 198th day of the year (199th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Eurostar

• Eurostar Homepage
• Eurostar - For Tomorrow
• HS1 Microsite
• Eurostar tickets North American distributor
• Eurostar guide at Focus Guides
• Unofficial Eurostar links page
• Eurostar Diamond Traders - The Diamond Company Runs Faster Than Its Train Namesake