Political Spain in 1854, after the first Carlist War
Before the Spanish Constitution of 1978 and its system of autonomous communities, these three provinces were known in Spanish as the Provincias Vascongadas, a term still used by some nostalgics of the Franco era and by independentists who despise the current autonomy and reserve "Basque Country" for the union of the seven territories.
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Images of Euskadi (http://www.travel-images.com/euskadi.html) - photos of the Basque Country
The term "Euskadi" is a neologism used by modern-day Basques to describe the Basque Country, in particularly the modern and institutionalized Basque Country.
Euskadi is quite rich -- an estimated 2001 GDP per capita of 54 500 écus places Basque living standards at 110% of the European Confederation average and 120% of the Spanish average.
Euskadi's economy, then, is quite diversified; as in the Paisos Catalans, the near-universal fluency of Basques in the French and Spanish languages has allowed Basques to take an active role in the world economy and to enjoy significant economic growth.
Half of this territory is in Navarre, 7,200 km2 in Euskadi and 2,800 km2 in the French Basque provinces.
Euskadi is one of the most economically developed areas of the Spanish state.
This rapid industrialisation produced the same social changes in Euskadi as it did in the rest of the world: a shift from agriculture to industry, an exodus from the countryside into the cities, a new social class, the urban proletariat.
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