Euskaltzaindia's central office is at Plaza Berria in Bilbao.

Euskaltzaindia, or the Royal Academy of the Basque Language (literally translated as "group of keepers of the Basque language") is the official academic institution which watches over Euskara, the Basque language. It carries out research on the language, seeks to protect it, and establishes standards of use. It is known in Spanish as La Real Academia de la Lengua Vasca, (being under royal patronage like the Royal Spanish Academy) and in French as Académie de la Langue Basque. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1617x2125, 599 KB) eu: Deskribapena: Euskaltzaindiak Bilboko Plaza Barrian daukan egoitza. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1617x2125, 599 KB) eu: Deskribapena: Euskaltzaindiak Bilboko Plaza Barrian daukan egoitza. ... Basque (in Basque: Euskara) is the language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain and the adjoining region of South-Western France. ... Basque is the language spoken by the Basque people, who live in northern Spain and the adjoining area of southwestern France. ... The Spanish monarchy, referred to as the Crown of Spain (Corona de España) in the Spanish Constitution of 1978, is the office of the King or Queen of Spain. ... The Real Academia Española (Royal Spanish Academy or RAE) is the institution responsible for regulating the Spanish language. ...

Creation

The Royal Academy of the Basque language was established within the context of the Basque Renaissance (Eusko Pizkundea, 1876 - 1936) in the framework provided by the Congress of Basque Studies held in Oñati in 1918, at a time when the Basque language was being proclaimed as a central cultural value to be protected and promoted. Important figures from the 19th century had already demanded the setting-up of an academy in defence of the language (Ulibarri, 1832; Aizkibel, 1856; d'Abbadie and Duvoisin, 1862; Manterola, 1880 and Artiñano, 1886), and it was during the first two decades of the 20th century when various entities - some scientific and others more popular ones - also emphasized the need for its immediate creation. The scientific contributions of major foreign figures (Louis Lucien Bonaparte, Van Eys, Hugo Schuchardt, Dodgson, Gavel etc.) and from within the country (Arturo Campión, Azkue, Urquijo etc.), as well as the express demand on the part of Basque language loyalist organisations (for example, Eusko Esnalea) created a favourable climate for the public authorities to take on the task of setting up the academy. Basque may refer to: Look up Basque in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Oñati is a town located in the province of Gipuzkoa, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, in the North of Spain. ... Raphaels portrait of Plato, a detail of The School of Athens fresco An an institution for the study of (usually) higher learning. ... Louis Lucien Bonaparte (January 4, 1813 - November 3, 1891) was the third son of Napoleons second surviving brother, Lucien Bonaparte. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

The first initiative in this direction came from the provincial government of Biscay, which the other three provincial governments in the peninsular part of the Basque Country subsequently joined (1918), with articles of association being approved and Euskaltzaindia being legally constituted in October 1919. One year later its journal "Euskera" was launched, the official organ for the publication of its rules and research work, which has survived to the present day. Vizcaya province Vizcaya (Basque Bizkaia) is a province of northern Spain, in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. ... Capital Vitoria-Gasteiz Official language(s) Spanish and Basque Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 14th  7,234 km²  1. ...

The current internal structure and organisation can be summarised as follows: the academy is governed by a ruling body composed of the Chairman, Deputy Chairman, Secretary and Treasurer. The heads of the Research and Watchdog Sections are also members. Plenary sessions must be held at least once a month. Under current rules the Academy has 24 full members and an unlimited number of associate members.The Academy is present throughout the area where Basque is used, with a head office in Bilbao and regional offices in Bayonne (Baiona), Donostia-San Sebastián, Iruñea-Pamplona and Vitoria-Gasteiz. A chairman is the presiding officer of a meeting, organization, committee, or other deliberative body. ... A secretary is an office/administrative support position. ... In many governments, a treasurer is the person responsible for running the treasury. ... La Muy Noble y Muy Leal e Invicta (The most noble and most loyal and undefeated) Location Location of Bilbao in Spain and Biscay Coordinates : 43,15° n. ... Bayonne (French: Bayonne, pronounced ; Gascon Occitan and Basque: Baiona) is a city and commune of southwest France at the confluence of the Nive and Adour rivers, in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques département, of which it is a sous-préfecture. ... Location Location of Donostia-San Sebastian in Spain Coordinates : 43º 19 17 w. ... Pamplona (Basque: Iruñea or Iruña) is the capital city of Navarre, Spain. ... Haec est Victoria quae vincit (This is Victoria which triumphed) Location Location of Vitoria-Gasteiz in Spain Coordinates : 42°51′ N 2°41′ O Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spanish) Spanish name Vitoria-Gasteiz Founded 1181 Postal code 01001-01080...

Goals

The Academy's articles of association set out the institution's objectives, first published in 1920. Those articles have been repeatedly reformed (and standing orders added) with the aim of adapting the institution to the linguistic and cultural circumstances of the day. However, the initial articles defining Euskaltzaindia's ultimate goals have simply been ratified over the years, with new details being added where necessary (e.g. article 1 in 1976). The aims of the Academy were set out as follows in the original articles: 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 3 - Babe Ruth is traded by the Boston Red Sox to the New York Yankees for $125,000, the largest sum ever paid for a player at that time. ... The term natural language is used to distinguish languages spoken and signed (by hand signals and facial expressions) by humans for general-purpose communication from constructs such as writing, computer-programming languages or the languages used in the study of formal logic, especially mathematical logic. ... The word culture, from the Latin colo, -ere, with its root meaning to cultivate, generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activity significance. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ...

Art. 1 - The aim of this institution is to watch over the Basque language, paying close attention to its promotion, both philologically and socially. Art. 2 - Accordingly, the Academy deals with both these areas in their respective sections: the Research Section and the Tutelary Section, with members belonging to both.

It is thus clear that the work of Euskaltzaindia is concerned with both the corpus and the status of the language. Since then the Academy has maintained these two sections in order to carry out its mission. Look up corpus in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

History

In the decade and a half prior to the Spanish Civil War (1919-1936), the Academy managed to consolidate itself as an institution and set about its project of promoting the birth of a standard literary language, although it was unable to provide a precise, solid academic formulation for that aim. On the other hand, its work in that period contributed decisively to a better understanding of the language through Resurrección María de Azkue's studies (Morfología Vasca, 1923-1934) and far reaching surveys among speakers of the language (Erizkundi Irukoitza, from 1922 onwards). The journal "Euskera" is a faithful witness to the work carried out at the time. Combatants Spanish Republic CNT-FAI UGT POUM Soviet Union International Brigades Spanish State Falangists Carlists Fascist Italy Nazi Germany Commanders Manuel Azaña Francisco Largo Caballero Juan Negrín Francisco Franco Casualties Civilians killed/wounded = hundreds of thousands The Spanish Civil War, which lasted from July 17, 1936 to April... A literary language is a register of a language that is used in writing, and which often differs in lexicon and syntax from the language used in speech. ... Plato is credited with the inception of academia: the body of knowledge, its development and transmission across generations. ...

In 1936 and the years which followed, under the language politics of Francoist Spain the Academy's previous activities were reduced to silence until Azkue, with the collaboration of Federico Krutwig, was able to timidly reinitiate academic life at the beginning of the 1950's. The articles of association were reformed in 1954, new full members were elected and from 1956 on the Academy started to enjoy a more settled existence both in its internal affairs and in its public conferences and open meetings (first postwar congress: Arantzazu, 1956). Language politics in Francoist Spain centered on attempts in Spain under Franco to increase the dominance of the Spanish language over the other languages of Spain. ... Federico Krutwig Salcedo (1921–1998) was a Spanish Anarchist, best known as author of several books. ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Arantzazu is a town located in the province of Bizkaia, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, in the North of Spain. ...

The following decade (1956-1968) coincided with a new generation of collaborators, the increasing introduction of Basque in bilingual non-state schools (ikastolak), the revival of the Basque language press and the first attempts at teaching basic literacy in Basque, among other initiatives. An Ikastola (plural Ikastolak) is a type of school in the Basque Country, Navarre and (to a much lesser extent), the French Basque Country in which students are taught either entirely or predominantly in the Basque language. ... World literacy rates by country The traditional definition of literacy is the ability to use language–to read, write, listen, and speak. ...

Euskara batua, unified Basque

The Euskaltzaindia has been a vocal and active advocate of the introduction of a unified dialect of the Basque language, known as "Euskara Batua", or Unified Basque. Basque has been usually divided into 8 different dialects, varying in their level of mutual intelligibilty. The first detailed dialectical analysis was by Louis Lucien Bonaparte. However, many people have seen this as a weakness in the language's fight for survival in a world in which minority languages spoken in states are wiped out by the states' official language. Having been for centuries pressured on both sides by Spanish and French, and under the rule of Franco coming close to extinction, the Academy felt the need to create a unified dialect of Basque, in order that the language have a greater chance of survival. The new dialect of Basque was heavily based on the Gipuzkoan dialect of Donostia-San Sebastián - the dialect with the richest literary heritage. A dialect (from the Greek word διάλεκτος, dialektos) is a variety of a language used by people from a particular geographic area. ... Basque Country Batua (English Unified) is a standardised dialect of the Basque language most widely and commonly spoken throughout the Basque Country. ... Louis Lucien Bonaparte (January 4, 1813 - November 3, 1891) was the third son of Napoleons second surviving brother, Lucien Bonaparte. ... Franco redirects here. ... Basque Country Gipuzkoan is a dialect of the Basque language spoken in the Guipuzcoa (Basque: Gipuzkoa) province of the Basque Country, Spain. ... Location Location of Donostia-San Sebastian in Spain Coordinates : 43º 19 17 w. ... Literature is literally an acquaintance with letters as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary (from the Latin littera meaning an individual written character (letter)). The term has, however, generally come to identify a collection of texts. ...

The 1968 Arantzazu Congress laid down the basic guidelines for achieving that objective in a systematic way (lexicon, morphology, declension and spelling). A further step was taken in 1973 with a proposal to establish a standard conjugation. 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ...

The debate arising from this new set of standard language rules (1968 - 1976) did not prevent it from becoming increasingly accepted in teaching, the media, and administration (1976 - 1983), within the context of burgeoning regional government (Statute of Autonomy in Euskadi, 1979; Improvement of the Charter of Navarre, 1982). Many people, however, continue to oppose the imposition of a single created dialect of Basque. Capital Vitoria-Gasteiz Official language(s) Spanish and Basque Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 14th  7,234 km²  1. ... Capital Pamplona (Basque: Iruña) Official language(s) Spanish; Basque co-official in the north of community. ...

Euskaltzaindia counsels the Basque administrations wishing to officialize Basque place names. It is funded by the Biscayne, Guipuscoan, Alavese, Navarrese, Spanish, and French authorities for culture. Biscayne can refer to: Biscayne Bay, a lagoon located on the Atlantic coast of south Florida Biscayne National Park, a U.S. National Park located in southern Florida Biscayne Park, Florida, a village located in Miami-Dade County, Florida Chevrolet Biscayne, a series of automobile produced by Chevrolet Key Biscayne... Guipúzcoa province Guipúzcoa (Basque Gipuzkoa, in English sometimes as Guipuscoa) is a province of northern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. ... lava (Basque Araba, Spanish lava) is a province of northern Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. ... Navarre (Spanish Navarra, Basque Nafarroa) is an autonomous community in Spain. ...

Other

The current president is Andres Urrutia.

The lesser-known organization Euskerazaintza strives to preserve the various Basque dialects. Basque (in Basque: Euskara) is the language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain and the adjoining region of South-Western France. ...

External link

• Official site

Basque Portal