Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 150 languages. ...

General

Even may refer to:

• Even, a Scandinavian male personal name.
• Even (people), an ethnic group from Siberia and Russian Far East
  • Even language, a language spoken by the Evens
• Even Balance Inc., a software producer based in Spring, Texas (USA).
• Even-weave, any woven textile where the warp and weft threads are of the same size
• Even Ha'ezer, a section of Rabbi Jacob ben Asher's compilation of halakha (Jewish law), Arba'ah Turim
• Even HaEzel, Rabbi Isser Zalman Meltzer's commentary on Mishneh Torah
• Even-Shoshan concordance (1977), a New Concordance of the Bible's Old Testament Hebrew text by Abraham Even-Shoshan
• Odd and Even, a solitaire card game which is played with two decks of playing cards

512 year-old girl was brought at the outpatient psychiatric clilic at U.S. National istitute of mental health after a sudden onset of tics and symptoms of obsession compulsions. Someone she Had developed a hypersensityvity to her clothing. Within a month she would change her clothing five or more times each morning until it “felt right”. Soon thereafter she started exhibiting eye-rolling tics, followed by blinking had-jerking, and nose-rubbing. Next, she showed obsession and compulsions: she instited on arranging her crayons in a particular order, became fearful of insects (which previosly had fascinated her), and worried about contamination, especially with urine and feces, she developed compulsive counting, turning in circles while she counted to four, and would touch objects “until it felt right.” She began saving unieaten food and food wrappers. Her eating rituals prolonged meals; more seriously, they interfered with eating so much that her weight decreased from 47 to 45 pounds over the course of a month-during a time when she should have been gaining weight. She also developed motor sympton: general clumsiness and uncoordinated running, jumping, and climbing. Before her symptoms began, frances had been intermittently ill for several months with what was diagnosed as a chronic viral infection. When a throat culture was finally taken, it was apparent that she had a group A  hemolytic streptococcal infection and was immediately treated with the antibiotic amoxillicin. Within a few days her tics subsided, but her obsessions and compulsions continued. She developed another fever after finishing her course of amoxillicin, and her tics returned and became even more intense and frequent. Another course of amoxillicin reduced the tics but not the symptoms of OCD. Frances was eventually given a course of treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (antibody) to countertact the effects of the streptoccus bacterium and its toxic products. Within two months, her OCD symptoms were gone, and her tics were mild. Over the next year or so, she had recurrent infections and exacerbations of her OCD symptoms, which were treated with antibiotics and immunoglobulin. Each time her symptoms decreased but did not disappear. At the time her case was written for her publication, her tics were improved by 90 percent, and her OCD symptoms were reduced by 70 percent (perimutter et. Al,. 1998). The Evens (formerly known as the Lamuts) (Эвены in Russian) are a people in Siberia. ... The Evens (formerly known as the Lamuts) (Эвены in Russian) are a people in Siberia. ... Even Balance, Inc. ... Cross-stitch on even-weave fabric, Hungary, mid-20th century Even-weave fabric or canvas is any woven textile where the warp and weft threads are of the same size. ... Even Haezer is a section of Rabbi Jacob ben Ashers compilation of halakha (Jewish law), Arbaah Turim. ... Even HaEzel is Rabbi Isser Zalman Meltzers commentary on Mishneh Torah. ... A New Concordance of the Bible by Abraham Even-Shoshan is a concordance of the Hebrew text of the Old Testament, first published in 1977. ... Odd and Even is a solitaire card game which is played with two decks of playing cards. ...

As the case of frances illustrates, tic disorder (including OCD) can be caused by a group A -hemolytic streptococcal infection. This infection can trigger several autoimmune diseases, in which the patient’s immune system attacks and damages certain tissues of the body, including the valves of the kidneys, and – in this case—parts of the brain. Figure 17.3 shows the parallel course of frances’s symptoms and the lowel of antistreptococcal DNA –B in her blood (indicating the presense of an active infection). (see figure 17.3) the symptoms of OCD appear to be produced to the basal ganglia. Bordner, morshed, and peterson (2001) report the case of a 25 years old man whose untreated sore throat (he lived in a religious group that prohibited antibiotics) developed into an autoimmune disease that produced obsession and compulsions. The investigators found antibodies to type A - hemolytic streptococcus, and MRI scans indicated abnormalities in the basal ganglia .

Several studies using PET scans have found evidence of increased activity in the frontal lobes and caudate nucleus in patients with OCD. A review by saxena et. Al . (1998) Reported on six PET studies. Five studies found increased activity in the orbitofrontal cortex, two studies found increased activity in the cingulate cortex, and two studies found increased activity in the caudate nucleus. Saxena and his colleagues also reported on several studies that measured regional brain activity of OCD patients before and after successful treatment with drugs or behavior therapy. In general, the improvement in a patient’s symptoms was correlated with a reduction in the activity of the caudate nucleus and orbifrontal cortex. The fact that behavior therapy and drugs therapy produced similar result is especially remarkable: it indicates that very different procedures may be bringing about physiological changes that alleviate a serious mental disorder . Breiter et. Al. (1996) perfromed a particularly intriguing study with a group of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. They used functional MRI to measure their subjects’ regional cerebral metabolism before and after having them hold some “contaminated” items. These …. Included tissue soaked in toilet water, plastic bags from contamintad waste barrels, and tissue into which someone had blown his nose. They also gave them some innocuous stimuli, including tissue soaked in clean water and menters new plastic bags. In fact, all the items the experimenters actually put in the subjects’ hands were clean, but the switch was made out of the subjects’ sight, so they believed that they were handling some items that were contaminated. Apparently, the act was convincing, because the subjects were quite disturbed by the “contaminated” objects. When the subjects were holding the “contaminated” items, the anterior cingulate cortex, the basal ganglia, the amygdala, and several regions of the prefrontal cortex (including the orbitofrontal cortex) showed increased activity. (you may be wondering how the experimenters induced the subjects to hold the “contaminated” items. I did too but the authors did not explain their methods of persuasion). As we sow in chapter 11, the prefrontal cortex (particularly the orbitofrontal cortex) and the cingulate cortex are involved in emotional reactions, so it is not surprising to learn that they might be immplicated in OCD. In fact, some patients with OCD have been successfully treated with cingulotomy—surgical destruction of specific fiber bundles in the subcortical frontal lobe, including the cingulum bundle (which connects the prefrontal and cingulate cortex with the limbic cortex of the temporal lobe) and a region that contains fibers that connect the basal ganglia with the prefrontal cortex (ballatine et al ., 1987 mindus, rasmussen, and lindquist, a patient has serious obsessive and compulsive symptoms that do not respond to behavior therapy or drugs, have a reasonably good success rate. Baer et al, (1995) studied patients whose cingulum bundles were destroyed through MRI-guided stereotaxic surgery destruction and found that 27 percent showed definite improvement, 27 percent showded probably improvement, and 46 percent showded no improvement: Dougherty et al (2002) reported similar statistics: 32 percent definite improvement, 14 percent partial improvement, and 54 percent unchanged. Sachdev and Hay (1995) found that patients who received neurosurgery for OCD using modern methods were very unlikely to show negative personality changes. Of course , neurosurgery cannot be undone, so such procedures must be considered only as a last resort.

As we saw in chapters 8 and 14, the caudate nucleus and putamen receive information from the cerebral cortex. As this information is processed by the bassal ganglia, it flows through two pathways before it passes to the thalamus and is sent back to the cortex. The direct pathway is excitatory, and the indirect pathway is inhibitory. (refer to figure 8.17.) saxena et al (1998) suggest that the symptoms of OCD may be a result of overactivity of the direct pathway. They propose that one of the functions of this pathway is control of previously learned behavior sequences that have become automatic so that they can be executed rapidly. The orbitofrontal cotex, which is involved in recognizing situations that have personal significance, can activity this pathway and the behaviors that is controls. The inhibitory indirect pathway is involved is suppressing these automatic behaviors, permitting the person to switch to other, more adaptive behaviors. Thus, obsessive-compulsive behaviors could be a result of an imbalance between the direct and indirect pathways. By far the most effective treatment of OCD is drug therapy. To date, three effective drugs have been found: clomimpramine, fluoxetine, and fluvoxamine. Although these drugs are also effective antidepressant, their anti depressant action does not seem to be related to their ability to relieve the symptoms of OCD. For example leonard et al (1989) compared the effects of clomipramine and desipramine (an antidepressant drug that inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine but not serotin) on the symptoms of children and adolescents with severe obsessive-compulsive disorder, for three weeks, all patients received a placebo. Then for five weeks half of them received desipramine (DMI), on a double-blind basis. At the end of that time the drugs were switched. As figure 17.4 when the patients were switched from CMI to DMI, their symptoms got worse. (see figure 17.4)

Science and technology

• In mathematics, the term even is used in several senses related to odd:
  • even and odd numbers -- even if divisible by 2
  • even and odd functions -- even if f(x) = f( − x)
  • even and odd permutations -- even if composed of an even number of transpositions
  • Singly even number, an integer divisible by 2 but not divisible by 4
• Even code, if the Hamming weight of all of a binary code's codewords is even
• Even-odd rule, an algorithm implemented in the PostScript language
• Even-toed ungulate, whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes - mammal order Artiodactyla

In mathematics, the parity of an object refers to whether it is even or odd. ... In mathematics, even functions and odd functions are functions which satisfy particular symmetry relations, with respect to taking additive inverses. ... In mathematics, the permutations of a finite set (i. ... A singly even number is an integer divisible by 2 but not divisible by 4, i. ... A binary code is called an even code if the Hamming weight of all its codewords is even. ... The Even-Odd-Rule is an algorithm implemented in the PostScript language which determines how a graphical shape with a closed outline will be filled. ... Families Antilocapridae Bovidae Camelidae Cervidae Giraffidae Hippopotamidae Moschidae Suidae Tayassuidae Tragulidae Leptochoeridae † Chaeropotamidae † Dichobunidae † Cebochoeridae † Entelodontidae † Anoplotheriidae † Anthracotheriidae † Cainotheriidae † Agriochoeridae † Merycoidodontidae † Leptomerycidae † Protoceratidae † Xiphodontidae † Amphimerycidae † Helohyidae † Gelocidae † Merycodontidae † Dromomerycidae † Raoellidae † Choeropotamidae † Sanitheriidae † The even-toed ungulates form the mammal order Artiodactyla. ...

English expressions

• Don't even think about it!, a phrase commonly used when a person denies another person something
• Even money, describes a wagering proposition with even odds
• "Not even wrong", phrase often used to describe pseudoscience

Dont even think about it! is a phrase commonly used in the United States when a person denies another person something. ... Even money is a gambling term describing a wagering proposition in which the odds are even -- in other words, if one were to lose the bet, one stood to lose the same amount of money that the winner of the bet would win (less, of course, the vigorish or juice... (For the weblog entitled Not Even Wrong, see Peter Woit) A scientific concept is said to be not even wrong if it is not falsifiable in the Popperian sense, or if it is not well-enough formed to be used to make specific predictions about the physical world. ...

Entertainment

• Even, Dark-Hard-Rock band from Italy (website)
• Even (band), an Australian alternative rock band
• Even Akamaru is jealous of its super tracking power! Search for the phantom Faint Smell Bug, episode 148 of the anime series Naruto
• Even As We Speak, indie band from Sydney, Australia
• Even Better Than the Real Thing, 2nd song from U2's 1991 album, Achtung Baby
• Even Cowgirls Get the Blues, 1976 novel by Tom Robbins
  • Even Cowgirls Get the Blues (film), 1993 film based on the novel
• Even Dozen Jug Band, founded in 1963 by Stefan Grossman and Peter Siegel in New York
• Even Dwarfs Started Small (Auch Zwerge haben klein angefangen), 1970 film by German director Werner Herzog
• Even Flow (1991), a song by the band Pearl Jam
• Even God Can't Change the Past, Charlotte Church's third single on her 2005 album Tissues and Issues
• Even Heaven Cries, a pop ballad on Monrose's debut studio album Temptation (2006)
• Even Hitler Had A Girlfriend, 1993 song by the punk band The Mr. T Experience
• Even If and Especially When, 1987 album by Screaming Trees
• Even if I Die, I Won't Kick You! Sanji's Manly Chivalry, 287th episode of the anime adaptation of the manga One Piece
• Even If You Don't, a single released by the band Ween in 2000
• Even in Blackouts (EiB), an acoustic pop-punk band from Chicago, Illinois
• Even in Darkness, collaborative debut LP by the Dungeon Family
• Even in His Youth, a song by the American rock band, Nirvana
• Even in the Quietest Moments (1977), 5th album by progressive rock band Supertramp
• Even It Up, a song recorded by the rock band Heart, released in 1980
• Even My Sure Things Fall Through, 2001 EP by Arizona band Calexico
• Even Now, the sixth studio album by singer and songwriter Barry Manilow
• Even Serpents Shine, 1979 album produced by Alan Mair and Peter Perrett
• Even Song, disambiguation page
• Even Stevens (2000-2003), a comedy television program which originally aired on Disney Channel
  • Category:Even Stevens
  • The Even Stevens Movie, 2003 American family comedy motion picture that debuted on the Disney Channel
• Even the Losers, 1979 song by American rock band Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers
• Even the Queen, a short story by Connie Willis
• Even Worse, the fifth album by "Weird Al" Yankovic, released in 1988
• Getting Even, a 1993 rock album released by Greg Ginn on Cruz Records
• Getting Even with Dad, 1994 comedy film starring Macaulay Culkin and Ted Danson
• Never Give a Sucker an Even Break, a 1941 Universal Pictures comedy film starring W.C. Fields
• Sieges Even, progressive metal band from Southern Germany
• The Even Chance, a TV adaption of the exploits of Horatio Hornblower, first related by C.S. Forester
• You're Gettin' Even While I'm Gettin' Odd (1984), 14th and final album by American rock band J. Geils Band

Even in 1997. ... Even Akamaru is jealous of its super tracking power! Search for the phantom Faint Smell Bug ) is episode 148 of the anime series Naruto. ... Even As We Speak is an indie band from Sydney, Australia. ... A Song Infobox has been requested for this article. ... Even Cowgirls Get the Blues is a 1976 novel by Tom Robbins. ... This article is about the film. ... The Even Dozen Jug Band was founded in 1963 by Stefan Grossman (solo country blues and ragtime guitarist) and Peter Siegel (old-timey guitarist and producer) in New York. ... Helmut Döring as Hombré Even Dwarfs Started Small (Auch Zwerge haben klein angefangen) is a 1970 film by German director Werner Herzog. ... Even Flow is the first hit for the grunge band Pearl Jam, in 1991. ... Even God Cant Change the Past is Charlotte Churchs third single from her 2005 album Tissues and Issues (appearing on that album under the shorter title Even God). ... Even Heaven Cries is a pop ballad written by Robbie Nevil, Lauren Evans, Philip Denker, Jonas Jeberg, and Jens Lumholt for Monroses debut studio album Temptation (2006). ... Even Hitler Had a Girlfriend is a song by the punk band The Mr. ... . Transfiguration 2. ... Even if I Die, I Wont Kick You! Sanjis Manly Chivalry is the 287th episode of the anime adaptation of the manga One Piece, and takes place during the Enies Lobby arc. ... It is proposed that this article be deleted, because of the following concern: nn release, doesnt seem to have charted or anything If you can address this concern by improving, copyediting, sourcing, renaming or merging the page, please edit this page and do so. ... Even in Blackouts, known occasionally by the acronyn EiB, are an acoustic pop-punk band from Chicago, Illinois. ... Even In Darkness is the collaborative debut LP by the Dungeon Family. ... Even in His Youth is a song by the American rock band, Nirvana and two different versions have been officially released. ... Even in the Quietest Moments is the fifth album by progressive rock band Supertramp, released in 1977 (see 1977 in music). ... Even it Up is a song recorded by the rock band Heart. ... Even My Sure Things Fall Through is an EP by Arizona band Calexico. ... Even Now was the sixth studio album by singer and songwriter Barry Manilow. ... The Only Ones was the second 1979 album produced by The Only Ones. ... Even Song may refer to: Even Song, a song by Gomez from their 2002 album In Our Gun Even Song, a band on Displeased Records Even (Headman), a song by Dispatch on their album Who Are We Living For?. Category: ... Even Stevens is an American comedy television program which originally aired on Disney Channel. ... The Even Stevens Movie is a 2003 American family comedy motion picture that debuted on the Disney Channel. ... Even the Losers is a song by American rock band Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers, released in 1979. ... Even the Queen is a short story by Connie Willis. ... Singles from Even Worse Released: April 12, 1988 Released: May 1988 Released: June 14, 1988 Even Worse is the fifth album by Weird Al Yankovic, released in 1988. ... Getting Even was a 1993 rock album released by Greg Ginn on Cruz Records, his first full-length solo album. ... Getting Even with Dad is a 1994 comedy starring Macaulay Culkin and Ted Danson. ... Never Give a Sucker an Even Break is a 1941 comedy film starring and scripted by W.C. Fields. ... Sieges Even is a progressive metal band. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Youre Gettin Even While Im Gettin Odd is the fourteenth album by American rock band J. Geils Band, released in 1984 (see 1984 in music). ...

People

• Abraham Even-Shoshan (1906-1984), Russian-Israeli Hebrew linguist and lexicographer
• Even Wetten (born 1982), Norwegian speed-skater
• Maya Even (born 1958), Canadian born British based University lecturer, journalist and television presenter
• Nahshon Even-Chaim (aka Phoenix )(born 1971), first major computer hacker convicted in Australia
• Pierre Even (born 1946), Luxembourgian composer
• Shimon Even (1935-2004), Israeli computer science researcher
• Uzi Even (born 1940), Israeli professor of chemistry as well as a politician

Abraham Even-Shoshan (1906, Minsk - 1984, Jerusalem) was a Hebrew linguist and lexicographer, recipient of the Israel Prize (1978) and the Bialik Prize (1981). ... Even Gabrielsen Wetten (born 12 August 1982, Hamar) is a Norwegian speed-skater. ... Dr Maya Even (born 2 January 1958), is a Canadian born British based University lecturer, journalist and television presenter. ... Nahshon Even-Chaim (b. ... Pierre Even (born 4th December 1946 in Wiesbaden) is a Luxembourg composer. ... Shimon Even (June 15, 1935 - May 1, 2004) was an Israeli computer science researcher. ... Uzi Even (born October 18, 1940) is an Israeli professor of chemistry and politician. ...

Places

• Even-Yehuda, an Israeli village in the Sharon region of Netanya
• Even Menahem, an Israeli cooperative agricultural community (moshav) in Western Galilee
• Even Sapir, an Israeli cooperative agricultural community (moshav) near Jerusalem