Evidence (1946) is science-fiction short story by Isaac Asimov. 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... A collection of well-known science-fiction novels and magazines Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology upon society and persons as individuals. ... This article is in need of attention. ... Dr. Isaac Asimov enthroned with symbols of his lifes work (Rowena Morrill) Dr. Isaac Asimov (c. ...

Stephen Byerley is a lawyer, a successful, middle-aged prosecutor, a humanitarian who never presses for the death penalty. He runs for Mayor of New York City, but Francis Quinn's political machine smears him, claiming that he is a humanoid robot - built to look like a human being. If this is true, the "Frankenstein complex" hysteria will ruin his campaign, and of course, only human beings are allowed to run for office. Quinn approaches U.S. Robots and Mechanical Men corporation, the world's only supplier of positronic robot brains, and attempts to persuade them that Byerley must be a robot. No one has ever seen Byerley eat or sleep, Quinn reports. In countries adopting the common law adversarial system or the civil law inquisitorial system, the prosecutor is the chief legal representative of the prosecution. ... Capital punishment, also referred to as the death penalty, is the judicially ordered execution of a prisoner as a punishment for a serious crime, often called a capital offense or a capital crime. ... A mayor (from the Latin maīor, meaning larger,greater) is the politician who serves as chief executive official of some types of municipalities. ... Midtown Manhattan, looking north from the Empire State Building, 2005 New York City (officially named the City of New York) is the most populous city in the United States, the most densely populated major city in North America, and is at the center of international finance, politics, entertainment, and culture. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... A humanoid robot playing the trumpet In practical usage, a robot is an autonomous or semi-autonomous device which performs its tasks either according to direct human control, partial control with human supervision, or completely autonomously. ... The fictional corporation US Robots and Mechanical Men, Inc. ...

All attempts to prove or disprove Byerley's humanity fail. He visits the U.S. Robots offices, where the Chief Robopsychologist Susan Calvin offers him an apple. Quite nonchalantly, Byerley takes a bite -- proving nothing, since like R. Daneel Olivaw, he may have been designed with an emergency stomach. Quinn attempts to take clandestine X-ray photographs, but Byerley wears a device which fogs the camera. Through all these investigations, Byerley remains calm and smiling, pointing out that he is only upholding his civil rights, just as he will do for others when he is elected. Dr Susan Calvin (born 1982) is a fictional character from Isaac Asimovs Robot Series. ... R. Daneel Olivaw is a fictional robot created by Isaac Asimov. ... In the NATO phonetic alphabet, X-ray represents the letter X. An X-ray picture (radiograph) taken by Röntgen An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength approximately in the range of 5 pm to 10 nanometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz...

Once all physical means are exhausted, Susan Calvin indicates that they must turn to the psychological side. If Byerley is a robot, he must obey the Three Laws of Robotics. Were Byerley to violate one of the Laws, he would clearly be a human, since no robot can contradict its basic programming. However, if Byerley obeys the Laws, he is by no means a robot, since the Laws were invented with human morality in mind. "He may simply be a very good man," observes Dr. Calvin. This cover of I, Robot illustrates the story Runaround, the first to list all Three Laws of Robotics. ...

To be a legitimate politician -- i.e., human and not mechanical -- Byerley must prove himself capable of harming a human being. (This low-key and indirect satire is characteristic of Asimov's more political stories, another prime example being "The Martian Way" and its attack upon McCarthyism.) The Martian Way was a short story by Isaac Asimov that was originally collected in The Martian Way and Other Stories. ... McCarthyism, named for Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin, was a period of intense anti-communism in the United States primarily from 1950 to 1954, when the U.S. government was actively engaged in countering American Communist Party subversion, its leadership, and others suspected of being Communists or Communist sympathizers. ...

Byerley never confirms or denies his fleshly status and lets the entire campaign ride on this single issue. While he is giving a speech, a heckler rushes the stage, and Byerley punches the intruder away. Most people are convinced that he is human, and the emotional uproar demolishes Quinn's smear campaign. Byerley wins the election without further difficulty.

In the final scene, Susan Calvin confronts Byerley, who is again spending a late night awake. She says that she is somewhat regretful Byerley turned out human, because after all, a robot would make an ideal ruler, one incapable of cruelty or injustice. In an almost teasing speech, quite unlike her usual self, Dr. Calvin notes that there is one case, "just one", where a robot may avoid the First Law: when the "man" who is harmed is only another robot.

Several earlier scenes interspersed through the story, in which Byerley meets with his old "teacher", now take on new significance.

As she leaves Byerley, Dr. Calvin promises to vote for him when he runs for national office. Asimov's later story "The Evitable Conflict" reveals that he prospers in politics, eventually becoming head of the planetary government. The Evitable Conflict (1950) is a science-fiction short story by Isaac Asimov. ...

Many people choose to see Asimov's treatment of technophobia as an allegory to the anti-Semitism with which he was bitterly familiar; he wrote "Evidence" during Army service shortly after World War II. Technophobia is the fear of modern technology. ... The Eternal Jew: 1937 German poster. ... World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrinations, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons like the atom bomb World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a mid-20th-century conflict that engulfed much of the globe...

Orson Welles purchased the movie rights for "Evidence". Asimov was initially gleeful, imagining that a grand, Citizen Kane-style motion picture would soon be in the works. However, Welles did nothing further, and Asimov earned nothing except two hundred fifty dollars and Welles's letter. (His then-wife, Gertrude Blugerman, advised him to hold out for more money, but neither of them considered option payments which could be renewed every several years, allowing the movie rights to relapse if Welles took no action.) The fact that other parties held movie rights to Asimov's stories was a significant impediment to filming his story collection I, Robot. Orson Welles, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1937 George Orson Welles (May 6, 1915 – October 10, 1985) is generally considered one of Hollywoods greatest directors, as well as a fine actor, broadcaster and screenwriter. ... Citizen Kane is the first feature film directed by Orson Welles (he had directed two short films previously), and is loosely based on the lives of the newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst, the reclusive aerospace and movie mogul Howard Hughes, and the Chicago utilities magnate Samuel Insull. ... I, Robot is a collection of science fiction short stories by Isaac Asimov, first published in 1950. ...

Escape! (first published as Paradoxical Escape) (1945) is science-fiction short story by Isaac Asimov. ... I, Robot is a collection of science fiction short stories by Isaac Asimov, first published in 1950. ... The Complete Robot is a collection of science fiction short stories by Isaac Asimov written between 1940 and 1976, which were previously collected in books I, Robot, The Rest of the Robots, and other anthologies. ... Isaac Asimovs Robot Series is a series of books by Isaac Asimov, both collections of short stories and novels. ... Hari Seldons holographic image, pictured on a paperback edition of Foundation, appears at various times in the First Foundations history, to guide it through the social and economic crises that befall it. ... The Evitable Conflict (1950) is a science-fiction short story by Isaac Asimov. ...

I, Robot is a collection of science fiction short stories by Isaac Asimov, first published in 1950. ... Robbie (1940) is science-fiction short story by Isaac Asimov. ... This article is about the short story Runaround. For the unrelated television show of the same name, see Runaround (TV show). ... Reason (1942) is science-fiction short story by Isaac Asimov. ... Catch the Rabbit (1944) is a science-fiction short story found in I, Robot and written by Isaac Asimov. ... Liar! (1941) is science-fiction short story by Isaac Asimov. ... Little Lost Robot (1947) is science-fiction short story by Isaac Asimov. ... Escape! (first published as Paradoxical Escape) (1945) is science-fiction short story by Isaac Asimov. ... The Evitable Conflict (1950) is a science-fiction short story by Isaac Asimov. ...