FACTOID # 70: Contrary to the popular rhyme, the rain falls mainly on Guinea.
 
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Encyclopedia > Evolution of the Portuguese Empire

Contents

Territories of the Portuguese empire

Main article: Portuguese Empire
An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). Red - actual possessions; Pink - explorations, areas of influence and claims of sovereignty; Blue - main sea explorations, routes and areas of inluence.

Maximum extent of Portuguese colonial possessions in the 16th century. ...

In Africa

  • Angola/Portuguese West Africa - colony (1575-1589); crown colony (1589-1951); overseas province (1951-1971); state (1971-1975). Independence in 1975.
  • Arguin/Arguim - (1455-1633)
  • Accra (1557-1578)
  • Cabinda - protectorate (1883-1887); Congo district (1887-1921); intendancy subordinate to Maquela (1921-1922); dependency of Zaire district (1922-1930); Intendacy of Zaire and Cabinda (1930-1932); intendancy under Angola (1932-1934); dependency under Angola (1934-1945); restored as District (1946-1975). Controlled by Frente Nacional para a Libertação de Angola (National Liberation Front of Angola) as part of independent Angola in 1975. Declared Cabinda a Republic in 1975, but not recognized by Portugal nor Angola.
  • Cabo Verde/Cape Verde - settlements (1462-1495); dominion of crown colonies (1495-1587); crown colony (1587-1951); overseas province (1951-1974); autonomous republic (1974-1975). Independence in 1975.
  • Ceuta - possession (1415-1640). Became Spanish in 1640.
  • Elmina - possession (1482-1637)
  • Fernando Póo and Annobón - colonies (1474-1778). Ceded to Spain in 1778.
  • Portuguese Gold Coast - (1482-1642), ceded to Dutch Gold Coast in 1642
  • Guiné Portuguesa/Portuguese Guinea - colony (1879-1951); overseas province (1951-1974). Unilateral independence declared in 1973, recognized by Portugal in 1974.
    • Cacheu - captaincy (1640-1879). United with Bissau in 1879.
    • Bissau - settlement under Cacheu (1687-1696); captaincy (1696-1707); abandoned (1707-1753); separate colony under Cape Verde (1753-1879). United with Cacheu in 1879.
  • Madagascar - southern part (1496-1550)
  • Madeira - possession (1418-1420); colony (1420-1580); crown colony (1580-1834); autonomous district (1834-1976). Made an autonomous region in 1976.
  • Mascarene Islands - fortified post (1498-1540)
  • Malindi - occupation (1500-1630)
  • Mombassa - occupation (1593-1638); colony subordinate to Goa (1638-1698; 1728-1729). Under Omani sovereignty in 1729.
  • Morocco enclaves
    • Aguz/Souira Guedima (1506-1525)
    • Alcacer Ceguer/El Qsar es Seghir (1458-1550)
    • Arzila/Asilah (1471-1550; 1577-1589). Restored to Morocco in 1589.
    • Azamor/Azemmour (1513-1541). City restored to Morocco in 1541.
    • Mazagan/El Jadida (1485-1550); possession (1506-1769). Incorporation into Morocco in 1769.
    • Mogador/Essaouira (1506-1510)
    • Safim/Safi (1488-1541)
    • Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué/Agadir (1505-1541)
  • Mozambique/Portuguese East Africa) - possession (1498-1501); subordinate to Goa (1501-1569); captaincy-general (1569-1609); colony subordinate to Goa (1609-1752); colony (1752-1951); overseas province (1951-1971); state (1971-1974); local transitional administration (1974-1975). Independence in 1975.
  • Quíloa (1505-1512)
  • Saint Laurent Islands (Madagascar) - fortified post (1498-1540)
  • São João Baptista de Ajudá - fort subordinate to Brazil (1721-1730); subordinate to São Tomé e Príncipe (1865-1869). Annexed by Dahomey in 1961.
  • São Tomé e Príncipe - crown colony (1753-1951); overseas province (1951-1971); local administration (1971-1975). Independence in 1975.
    • São Tomé - Possession (1470-1485); colony (1485-1522); crown colony (1522-1641); administration under Dutch occupation (1641-1648). French occupation in 1648.
    • Príncipe - colony (1500-1573). United with São Tomé in 1573.
  • Tangier - possession (1471-1662). Ceded to England in 1662.
  • Zanzibar - possession (1503-1698). Became part of Oman in 1698.
  • Ziguinchor - possession (1645-1888). Ceded to France in 1888.

Motto: Virtus Unita Fortior(Latin) Unity Provides Strength Anthem: Angola Avante!(Portuguese) Forward Angola! Capital (and largest city) Luanda Official languages Portuguese Government Multi-party democracy  - President José E. dos Santos  - Prime Minister Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos Independence from Portugal   - Date November 11, 1975  Area  - Total 1,246... Arguin is an island off the west coast of Mauritania in the Bay of Arguin, at 20° 36 N., 16° 27 W. It is 6 km long by 2 broad. ... Accra, population 1,970,400 (2005), is the capital of Ghana. ... Cabinda is a territory, ocupied by Angola. ... New France was governed by three rulers: the governor, the bishop and the intendant, all appointed by the King, and sent from France. ... FNLA flag Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola (National Front for the Liberation of Angola), a political movement in Angola. ... For the surface feature on Mars, see Cape Verde (Mars). ... A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. ... Area  â€“ Total   28 km² Population  â€“ Total (2005)  â€“ Density  75,276  2688. ... Elmina is a town on the Atlantic Ocean coast of Ghana, lying west of Cape Coast. ... Bioko (spelled also Bioco) is an island off the west coast of Africa in the Gulf of Guinea, formerly called Fernando Pó or Fernando Póo and known as Otcho to Bubi. ... Image:Annobon island. ... Flag of Gold Coast Map from 1896 of the British Gold Coast Colony. ... Portuguese Guinea was the name for what is today Guinea-Bissau from 1446 to September 10, 1974. ... Cacheu is a town in north western Guinea-Bissau, lying on the Cacheu River. ... Bissau, estimated population 355,000 (2004), is the capital of Guinea-Bissau. ... Motto: Das ilhas, as mais belas e livres (Of all islands, the most beautiful and free) Anthem: A Portuguesa (national) Hino da Região Autónoma da Madeira (local) Capital (and largest city) Funchal Official languages Portuguese Government Autonomous region  - President Alberto João Jardim Independence  - Settled 1420   - Autonomy July... Mauritius (right) and Réunion (left) The Mascarene Islands (or Mascarenhas Archipelago) is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar, which includes Mauritius, Réunion, Rodrigues, and Cargados Carajos shoals. ... Malindi is a city in Kenya that has been a Swahili settlement since the 14th century. ... Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Souira Guedima, formerly known as Aguz, is a Moroccan town. ... Alcácer Ceguer (also know as El Qsar es Seghir) was a moroccan stronghold in the Strait of Gibraltrar, between Tanger and Ceuta. ... Asilah or Arzila is a city situated on the northwest tip of Morocco with a history back to 1500 B.C. The Phoenicians used the city as a trading site. ... Asilah or Arzila is a city situated on the northwest tip of Morocco with a history back to 1500 B.C. The Phoenicians used the city as a trading site. ... Azemmour or Azamor is a moroccan city, on the left margin of Morbea river, 75km southwest of Casablanca. ... El Jadida is a port city on the Atlantic coast of Morocco, in the province of El Jadida. ... The ramparts of Essaouira Essaouira is a city and tourist resort in Morocco, near Marrakesh. ... Location of Essaouira Essaouira (Arabic: ‎, eá¹£-á¹£auÄ«rah; formerly known as Mogador, its old Portuguese name) is a city and tourist resort in Morocco, on the Atlantic coast. ... Asfi (french Safi) is a city located in western Morocco, by the Atlantic Ocean. ... Agadir (Arabic: أكادير, Berber (Amazigh): ) is a city in southwest Morocco, capital of the Souss-Massa-Dra region. ... Mozambique is a country in Southern Africa, bordering South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe. ... Kilwa Kisiwani is an Islamic community on an island off the coast of East Africa, in present day Tanzania. ... The Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá (in English ) is a small fortress build by the Portuguese in the city of Ouidah on the coast of Dahomey (originally Ajudá, from Hweda, on the Atlantic coast of modern Benin), reached by the Portuguese in 1580, after which it... Dahomey was a kingdom in Africa, situated in what is now the nation of Benin. ... São Tomé (population 53,300 in 2003) is the capital city of São Tomé and Príncipe and is by far the nations largest town. ... Príncipe is the smaller of the two major islands of São Tomé and Príncipe. ... A view of Tangier bay at sunrise as seen from Cape Malabata Tangier(Tanja طنچة in Berber and Arabic, Tânger in Portuguese, and Tanger in French), is a city of northern Morocco with a population of 669,685 (2004 census). ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London (de facto) Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi  Population    - 2006 est. ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar (IPA pronunciation: ) is the collective name for two islands in Tanzania: Unguja and Pemba. ... Ziguinchor (from Portuguese Cheguei e choram, I came and they Cry) is the capital of the Casamance region of Senegal, lying on the Casamance River. ...

North Atlantic

Motto: Antes morrer livres que em paz sujeitos Rather die free than in peace subjugated Anthem: A Portuguesa (national) Hino dos Açores (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy... Angra, or Angra do Heroismo (Bay of Heroism, a name given it in 1829, to commemorate its successful defence against the Miguelist party), the former capital of the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores, and chief town of an administrative district, comprising the islands of Terceira, S o Jorge and Graciosa. ... Horta is a port town on the island of Faial in the Azores. ... Image:Ponta delgada noite. ...

In Central & South America

  • Barbados - Possession known as Os Barbados, discovered by Pedro Campos in 1536 being an exile post for Brazilian Jews. The only Caribbean possession the Portuguese held for eighty-four years until Portugal abandoned the island to continue exploring nearby Brazil.
  • Brazil - possession known as Ilha de Santa Cruz, later Terra de Vera Cruz (1500-1530); colony (1530- 1714); vice-kingdom (1714-1815); kingdom under United Kingdom of Portugal (1815-1822), independence in 1822.
  • Cisplatina (Uruguay) - occupation (1808-1822). Captaincy in 1817 (of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarves). Adhered as a province of the new Empire of Brazil in 1822. Became independent 1827, changing its name to Uruguay.
  • French Guiana - occupation (1809-1817). Restored to France in 1817.
  • Nova Colônia do Sacramento - colony in present Uruguay (1680; 1683-1705; 1715-1777). Ceded to Spain in 1777.

Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A monarchy, from the Greek μονος, one, and αρχειν, to rule, is a form of government that has a monarch as head of state. ... This article is becoming very long. ... The Empire of Brazil is a political entity that comprised present-day Brazil under the rule of Emperors Pedro I and his son Pedro II. Founded in 1822, dissolved and replaced by a republic in 1889. ... Colonia del Sacramento is a city in southwestern Uruguay, by the Río de la Plata, facing Buenos Aires, Argentina. ...

In Asia & Oceania

  • Banda Islands (1512-1621)
  • Bahrain - possession (1521-1602)
  • Ceylon - colony (1597-1658). Dutch took control in 1656, Jaffna taken in 1658.
  • Flores Island - possession (16th-19th century)
  • Gamru/Bandar Abbas - possession (1506-1615)
  • Hormuz/Ormuz - possession subordinate to Goa (1515-1622). Incorporated into Persia in 1622.
  • Laccadive Islands (1498-1545)
  • Macau/Macao - settlement (1553-1557), leased territory subordinated to Goa (1557-1844); overseas province (1844-1883); combined overseas province with Timor-Leste under Goa (1883-1951); overseas province (1951-1976); Chinese territory under Portuguese administration (1976-1999). Returned to full sovereignty of People's Republic of China) as a special administrative region in 1999.
    • Coloane - occupation in 1864
    • Taipa - occupation in 1851
    • Ilha Verde - incorporated in 1890
    • D. João, Lapa and Montanha Islands - settled by Portuguese missionaries in the XIX century; occupation by Portuguese troops in 1938. Taken in 1941 by the Empire of Japan and restored to China in 1945.
  • Makassar (1512-1665)
  • Malacca - settlement (1511-1641); lost to the Dutch
  • Maldives - possession (1518-1521, 1558-1573)
  • Moluccas
    • Amboina/Ambon - settlement (1576-1605)
    • Ternate - settlement (1522-1575)
    • Tidore - colony (1578-1605). Seized by Dutch in 1605.
  • Muscat - possession (1515-1650)
  • Índia Portuguesa/Portuguese India - overseas province (1946-1962). Taken over by India in 1962 and recognised by Portugal in 1974.
  • Socotra - possession (1506-1511). Became part of Mahri Sultanate of Qishn and Suqutra
  • Timor-Leste (East-Timor) - colony subordinate to Portuguese India (1642-1844); subordinate to Macau (1844-1896); separate colony (1896-1951); overseas territory (1951-1975); republic and unilateral independence proclaimed, annexed by Indonesia (1975-1999, UN recognition as Portuguese territory). UN administration from 1999 until independence in 2002.


 

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