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Encyclopedia > Excludability

Excludability is defined in economics as whether or not it is possible to exclude people who have not paid for a good or service from consuming it. Where it is impossible to prevent an individual who does not pay for that thing from enjoying the benefits of it, the good is termed non-excludable. Market allocation of such goods is not feasible. Face-to-face trading interactions on the New York Stock Exchange trading floor. ... A good in economics is any physical object (natural or man-made) or service that, upon consumption, increases utility, and therefore can be sold at a price in a market. ...


Examples

A well-architected building, such as the Eiffel Tower, creates an aesthetic non-excludable good, which can be enjoyed by anyone who happens to look at it. It is difficult to prevent people from gaining this benefit (although people have tried, by forbidding amateurs from taking photographs of certain sites [1]) The Eiffel Tower (French: , ) is an iron tower built on the Champ de Mars beside the River Seine in Paris, France. ... Aesthetics (or esthetics) (from the Greek word αισθητική) is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty. ...


An excludable good could be a magazine; people who do not pay for the subscription are mostly excluded from obtaining a copy directly from the publisher. Another case in point is a pay television subscription. Pay television, or pay-TV, usually refers to subscription-based television services, usually provided by both analogue and digital cable and satellite, but also increasingly by digital terrestrial methods. ...


See also

In economics, a good is considered either rivalrous (rival) or nonrival. ...

Further Reading

Excludability, World Bank. Last accessed 29 May 2007. Logo of the World Bank The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, in Romance languages: BIRD), better known as the World Bank, is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means...

Types of goods

public good - private good - common good - common-pool resource - club good - anti-rival goods A good in economics is any physical object (natural or man-made) or service that, upon consumption, increases utility, and therefore can be sold at a price in a market. ... In economics, a public good is a good that is hard or even impossible to produce for private profit, because the market fails to account for its large beneficial externalities. ... In economics Private good is an opposite of the public good. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Common pool resource. ... The terms common-pool resource (CPR), alternatively termed a common property resource, is a particular type of good, and a natural or human-made resource system, whose size or characteristics of which makes it costly, but not impossible, to exclude potential beneficiaries from obtaining benefits from its use. ... Club goods are a type of goods in economics, sometimes classified as a subtype of public goods, that are non-competetive and excludable. ... This term is a neologism, coined by (Weber) to describe goods created by a process of reciprocal exchange for mutual benefit, such as open source software. ...

rivalrous good and non-excludable good
complement good vs. substitute good
free good vs. scarce good, positional good

(non-)durable good - intermediate good (producer good) - final good - consumer good - capital good.
inferior good - normal good - ordinary good - Giffen good - luxury good - Veblen good - superior good
search good - (post-)experience good - merit good - credence good - demerit good In economics, a good is considered rivalrous if its consumption by one person prevents it from being available to others. ... A complement good (or complementary good) is a good that should be consumed with another good. ... In economics, one kind of good (or service) is said to be a substitute good for another kind insofar as the two kinds of goods can be consumed or used in place of one another in at least some of their possible uses. ... The free good is a term used in economics to describe a good that is not scarce. ... Scarcity is a central concept in economics. ... A positional good is an intrinsically scarce good whose value is determined by its social context, as opposed to a material good which has innate value. ... A car (Toyota Corolla S) is a durable good in economics. ... Intermediate goods or producer goods are goods used as inputs in the production of other goods, such as partly finished goods or raw materials. ... In economics Final goods are goods that are ultimately consumed rather than used in the production of another good. ... Definitions of consumer goods by Ben Murray New goods acquired by households for their own consumption. ... Capital goods, in contrast to consumer goods, are goods used in the production of (physical) capital. ... In consumer theory, an inferior good is a good that decreases in demand when the consumers income rises, unlike normal goods, for which the opposite is observed. ... In economics, normal goods are any goods for which demand increases when income increases. ... An ordinary good is a microeconomic concept used in consumer theory. ... A Giffen good is a product for which a rise in price of this product makes people buy even more of the product. ... A Lincoln Town Car luxury sedan is an example of a luxury good. ... A commodity is a Veblen good if peoples preference for buying it increases as a direct function of its price. ... Superior goods make up a larger proportion of consumption as income rises, and as such are a type of normal goods in consumer theory. ... In economics, a search good is a product or service with easily observable features and characteristics. ... In economics, an experience good is a product or service where product characteristics such as quality or price are difficult to observe. ... A merit good is defined in economics as a good that is under consumed if provided by the market mechanism because individuals typically consider how the good benefits them as individuals rather than the benefits that consumption generates for others in society. ... A credence good is a term used in economics for a good whose utility impact is difficult or impossible for the consumer to ascertain. ... In economics, a demerit good is a good or service that is seen as intrinsically unhealthy, degrading, or socially damaging towards other persons and/or society at large once consumed. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
Section (3229 words)
Excludable employees are not taken into account with respect to a plan even if they are benefiting under the plan, except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b) of this section.
Thus, an employee is excludable with respect to Plans D and E only if the employee is not at least age 18 with at least 1 year of service or is not at least age 21 with at least 6 months of service.
The employer may treat a former employee as excludable if the former employee was an excludable employee (or would have been an excludable employee if these regulations had been in effect) under the rules of paragraphs (b) through (g) of this section during the plan year in which the former employee became a former employee.
FindLaw for Legal Professionals - Case Law, Federal and State Resources, Forms, and Code (13809 words)
Because he has been declared excludable by the INS he would ordinarily be deported to his home country; however, the United States is unable to effect his deportation because Cuba refuses to accept his return.
1987) (excludable aliens "are entitled under the due process clauses of the fifth and fourteenth amendments to be free of gross physical abuse at the hands of state or federal officials").
We therefore hold that, whatever due process rights excludable aliens may be denied by virtue of their status, they are entitled under the due process clauses of the fifth and fourteenth amendments to be free of gross physical abuse at the hands of state or federal officials.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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