Automobile exhaust

Exhaust gas is flue gas which occurs as a result of the combustion of fuels such as natural gas, gasoline/petrol, diesel, fuel oil or coal. It is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe or flue gas stack. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 135 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Exhaust from the tailpipe of a car. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 135 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Exhaust from the tailpipe of a car. ... Flue gas is gas that exits to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or channel for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler or steam generator. ... This article is about the chemical reaction combustion. ... For other uses, see Natural gas (disambiguation). ... Petrol redirects here. ... This article is about the fuel. ... An oil tanker taking on bunker fuel. ... Coal Example chemical structure of coal Coal (pronounced ) is a fossil fuel formed in swamp ecosystems where plant remains were saved by water and mud from oxidization and biodegradation. ... An exhaust pipe is usually a pipe used to guide waste exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine or stove. ... Flue gas stack at GRES-2 Power Plant in Ekibastus, Kazakhstan is 420 meters tall[1] A flue gas stack is a type of chimney, a vertical pipe, channel or similar structure through which combustion product gases called flue gases are exhausted to the outside air. ...

Although the largest part of most combustion gases is relatively harmless nitrogen (N₂), water vapor (H₂O) (except with pure-carbon fuels), and carbon dioxide (CO₂) (except with hydrogen as fuel), a relatively small part of it is undesirable noxious or toxic substances, such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (unburnt fuel), nitrogen oxides (NO_x), and particulate matter. General Name, symbol, number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ... Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. ... Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO, is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. ... Oil refineries are key to obtaining hydrocarbons; crude oil is processed through several stages to form desirable hydrocarbons, used in fuel and other commercial products. ... The term nitrogen oxide is a general term and can be used to refer to any of these oxides (oxygen compounds) of nitrogen, or to a mixture of them: Nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen(II) oxide Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) Dinitrogen monoxide (N2O) (Nitrous oxide) Dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3) Dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) Dinitrogen... Particulates, alternately referred to as Particulate Matter (PM) , aerosols or fine particles are tiny particles of solid or liquid suspended in the air. ...

Exhaust gas from an industrial plant

Emission standards focus on reducing pollutants contained in the exhaust gases from vehicles as well as from industrial flue gas stacks and other air pollution exhaust sources in various large-scale industrial facilities such as petroleum refineries, natural gas processing plants, petrochemical plants and chemical production plants.^[1][2] Image File history File links AirPollutionSource. ... Image File history File links AirPollutionSource. ... Emission standards are requirements that set specific limits to the amount of pollutants that can be released into the environment. ... Many of the compounds which are dangerous to the environment can also be harmful to humans in the long-term range and come from mineral and fossil sources or are produced by humans themselves. ... Air pollution is the modification of the natural characteristics of the atmosphere by a chemical, particulate matter, or biological agent. ... View of Shell Oil Refinery in Martinez, California. ... Petrochemicals are chemical products made from raw materials of petroleum (hydrocarbon) origin. ... A chemical substance is any material substance used in or obtained by a process in chemistry: A chemical compound is a substance consisting of two or more chemical elements that are chemically combined in fixed proportions. ...

In steam engine terminology the exhaust is steam that is now so low in pressure that it no longer can to do useful work. // The term steam engine may also refer to an entire railroad steam locomotive. ...

See also

• Alternative propulsion
• Automobile emissions control
• Catalytic converter
• Clean Air Act
• Combustion
• Diesel Particulate Matter is the main article about diesel exhaust.
• Emission standards
• Flue gas
• Flue gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion
• Global warming
• Greenhouse gas
• Philip Cooney

Alternative propulsion is a term used frequently for power train concepts differing to the standard internal combustion engine concept used in gasoline- or diesel-fueled vehicles. ... Vehicle emissions inspection station Automobile emissions control covers all the technologies that are employed to reduce the air pollution-causing emissions produced by automobiles. ... Catalytic converter on a Dodge Ram Van. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article is about the chemical reaction combustion. ... Diesel particulate matter (DPM) refers to the particulate components of diesel exhaust, which include diesel soot and aerosols such as ash particulates, metallic abrasion particles, sulfates, and silicates. ... Emission standards limit the amount of pollution that can be released into the atmosphere. ... Flue gas is gas that exits to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or channel for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler or steam generator. ... The combustion product gas resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (or any other combustible fuel) is called flue gas. ... Global warming refers to the increase in the average temperature of the Earths near-surface air and oceans in recent decades and its projected continuation. ... Top: Increasing atmospheric CO2 levels as measured in the atmosphere and ice cores. ... Philip Cooney is the former chief of staff for President George W. Bushs Council on Environmental Quality and a former energy industry lobbyist. ...

External links

• Health and Air Pollution Publication of the California Air Resources Board
• U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety & Health Administration: Safety and Health Topics: Diesel Exhaust
• Partial List of Chemicals Associated with Diesel Exhaust
• Diesel Exhaust Particulates: Reasonably Anticipated to Be A Human Carcinogen
• Scientific Study of Harmful Effects of Diesel Exhaust: Acute Inflammatory Responses in the Airways and Peripheral Blood After Short-Term Exposure to Diesel Exhaust in Healthy Human Volunteers

California Air Resources Board (CARB) is the clean air agency of the state of California in the United States. ...

References

1. ^ EPA Plain English Guide to the Clean Air Act
2. ^ US EPA Publication AP 42, Fifth Edition, Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors