Extended technique is a term used to describe unconventional, unorthodox or "improper" techniques of playing musical instruments or singing. A musical instrument is a device that has been constructed or modified with the purpose of making music. ... Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice, often constrasted with speech. ...

Examples include:

• added electronics or MIDI control
• unusual bowing technique: double stops and multiple stops, sul ponticello, sul tasto, Col legno
• breath technique or articulation: multiphonics, tonguing or flutter tonguing, continuous breathing or circular breathing, trumpet half-valve playing, humming while blowing, double buzz, blowing a disengaged mouthpiece or reed, unusual mutes
• Sprechstimme (speech-singing)
• ululation
• prepared piano
• Unusual harmonics, including multiphonics
• glissandi
• String microtones (vertical and linear)
• exaggerated tremolo
• exaggerated brass head-shakes
• activating keys or valves without blowing
• tapping or rubbing the soundboard of stringed instruments
• alternate fingerings
• Plucking the strings of the piano.

Well known performers and composers who use a notable amount of extended techniques include: Two digital voltmeters The field of electronics is the study and use of electrical devices that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles in devices such as thermionic valves and semiconductors. ... Musical Instrument Digital Interface, or MIDI, is a system designed to transmit information between electronic musical instruments. ... In music, a bow is a device pulled across the strings of a string instrument in order to make them vibrate and emit sound. ... A double stop, in music terminology, is where a musician plays two notes simultaneously on a stringed instrument, for example a violin, a viola, a cello or a guitar. ... Multi-stopping means to play more than 2 notes (Conventionally) of string playing at a time. ... This article will be merged with Italian musical terms at some point in the near future. ... This article will be merged with Italian musical terms at some point in the near future. ... Col legno (Italian for with the wood) is a method of playing bowed string instruments (particularly the violin, viola, cello, and double bass) whereby the strings are struck with the wood of the bow rather having the hair pulled across them. ... Breath is one of the few bodily functions which can be controlled both consciously and unconsciously. ... Articulation may refer to several topics: In speech, linguistics, and communication: Topic-focus articulation Articulation score Place of articulation Manner of articulation In music: Musical articulations (staccato, legato, etc) In education: Articulation (education) In sociology: Articulation (sociology) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that... Multiphonics are an extended technique in instrumental music in which a monophonic instrument (one which generally produces only one note at a time) is made to produce several notes at once. ... Flutter tonguing is a wind instrument tonguing technique in which performers flutter their tongue to make a characteristic FrrrrFrrrrr sound. ... Circular breathing is a special technique utilized primarily by players of the didgeridoo (and some other wind instruments) in order to continuously blow air out of the mouth. ... Circular breathing is a special technique utilized primarily by players of the didgeridoo (and some other wind instruments) in order to continuously blow air out of the mouth. ... The double buzz refers to an effect on the trumpet or other brass instruments. ... Mute comes from mutus, Latin for mum. ... Sprechgesang (German for speech song) or Sprechstimme (speech voice) is a technique of vocal production halfway between singing and speaking. ... An ululation is a long, wavering, high-pitched sound resembling the howl of a wolf. ... A prepared piano is a piano that has had its sound altered by placing objects (preparations) between or on the strings. ... sdf f sdf sd ... Glissando (plural: glissandi) is a musical term that refers to either a continuous sliding from one pitch to another (a true glissando), or an incidental scale played while moving from one melodic note to another (an effective glissando). ... Microtonal music is music using microtones -- intervals of less than a semitone, or as Charles Ives put it, the notes between the cracks of the piano. ... Tremolo is a musical term with two meanings: A rapid repetition of the same note, a rapid variation in the amplitude of a single note, or an alternation between two or more notes. ... A valve is a mechanical device that regulates the flow of fluids (either gases, fluidised solids, slurries or liquids) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. ... BBC Local Radio Mark III radio mixing desk In professional audio, a mixing console, mixing desk (Brit. ... This article is about the modern musical instrument. ...

• composer Sofia Gubaidulina
• vocalist Joan La Barbara
• vocalist Shelley Hirsch
• vocalist and composer Meredith Monk
• composer and multireedist Joseph Celli
• pianist and composer David Tudor in his own work and in the prepared piano techniques of Cage and the New York School
• cellist and improviser Frances-Marie Uitti, two bows and curved bows (see also Michael Bach)
• violinist, violist and improviser Ernesto Rodrigues, curved bow (see also Michael Bach)
• rock flautist Ian Anderson
• composer Robert Erickson
• trombonist Stuart Dempster
• bassist Bertram Turetzky
• rock guitarist Tom Morello

A composer is a person who writes music. ... Sofia Asgatovna Gubaidulina, (Russian София Асгатовна Губаидулина, Tatar Sofia Äsğät qızı Ğöbäydullina) (born October 24, 1931) is a Russian-Tatar composer of deeply religious music. ... In music a singer or vocalist is a type of musician who sings, i. ... Joan La Barbara (born June 8, 1947 in Philadelphia, PA) is a vocalist and composer associated with contemporary music. ... Meredith Monk (born November 20, 1942) is an American composer, vocalist, film-maker, and choreographer. ... Multireedist is a term sometimes used to describe a musician who is a capable performer on more than one reed instrument. ... Joseph Celli is a U.S. musician and composer specializing in contemporary and improvised music for oboe and english horn. ... A pianist is a person who plays the piano. ... David Eugene Tudor (January 20, 1926 - August 13, 1996) was a pianist and composer of experimental music. ... A prepared piano is a piano that has had its sound altered by placing objects (preparations) between or on the strings. ... Alternate meaning: Cello web browser A cropped image to show the relative size of a cello to a human (Uncropped Version) The cello (also violoncello or cello) is a stringed instrument and part of the violin family. ... Improvisation is the act of making something up as you go along. ... Composer-improviser-cellist Frances-Marie Uitti is renowned the world over for her interpretations of contemporary music and is famous for her extended technique using two bows simultaneously in one hand as well as her improvisational skills. ... A violinist is an instrumentalist who plays the violin. ... Violist is a term sometimes used for a musician who plays the viola. ... Improvisation is the act of making something up as you go along. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Rock and roll (also spelled Rock n Roll, especially in its first decade), also called rock, is a form of popular music, usually featuring vocals (often with vocal harmony), electric guitars and a strong back beat; other instruments, such as the saxophone, are common in some styles. ... A flutist demonstrates flute-playing technique A flutist is a musician who plays the flute. ... Ian Anderson (born August 10, 1947 in Dunfermline, Scotland), is a British singer, songwriter, guitarist and flautist, and is best known as the head of the rock band Jethro Tull. ... Robert Erickson (March 7, 1917 in Marquette, Michigan–April 24, 1997 in San Diego, California) was a composer. ... Stuart Dempster (born 1936 in Berkeley, California) is a trombonist, didjeridu player, composer, author of The Modern Trombone: A Definition of Its Idioms (1979), and on the faculty of the University of Washington. ... Bertram Turetzky is a contemporary double bass soloist, teacher and author of The Contemporary Contrabass, a book that looks at a number of new and interesting ways of playing the double bass. ... Tom Morello Thomas Baptist Morello (born May 30, 1964) is the guitarist of the band Audioslave, and formerly of Rage Against The Machine. ...

See also

• Advanced mallet techniques
• List of pieces which use extended techniques

Advanced mallet techniques are extended techniques used on certain chromatic percussion instruments such as the marimba and vibraphone. ... John Cage prepared piano pieces (1938) One8 (1991), for curved bow Henry Cowell Tides of Manaunaun (1915), large tone-clusters The Banshee, Aeolian Harp, and Sinister Resonance, played inside the piano George Crumb Black Angels, extended string techniques, including bowing with glass rods Makrokosmos (1972), prepared and amplified piano Vox...

Reading

• Stuart Dempster's The Modern Trombone: A Definition of Its Idioms, ASIN 0520032527.
• Patricia and Allen Strange's The Contemporary Violin, ISBN 0520224094, and other books in The New Instrumentation series.
• Bertram Turetzky's The Contemporary Contrabass ASIN 0520063813.

Stuart Dempster (born 1936 in Berkeley, California) is a trombonist, didjeridu player, composer, author of The Modern Trombone: A Definition of Its Idioms (1979), and on the faculty of the University of Washington. ... The trombone is a musical instrument in the brass family. ... The violin is a stringed musical instrument that has four strings tuned a perfect fifth apart. ... Bertram Turetzky is a contemporary double bass soloist, teacher and author of The Contemporary Contrabass, a book that looks at a number of new and interesting ways of playing the double bass. ... Side and front views of a modern double bass with a French bow. ...

External link

• Woodwind Fingering charts
• New Sounds for Flute by Mats Möller
• The Orchestra: A User's Manual by Andrew Hugill with The Philharmonia Orchestra. Includes definitions, descriptions and video interviews of extended techniques for most all common orchestral instruments.