Extrajudicial punishment is a punishment which is conducted without the authority or permission of a court, and encompasses extrajudicial executions or killings performed without legal authority or in contravention of legal code. Extrajudicial punishment is a typical feature of totalitarian and other politically repressive regimes, which may use death squads for this purpose. A forced disappearance occurs where someone who is believed to have been targeted for extrajudicial execution does not reappear alive and their ultimate fate is unknown or never fully confirmed. sexual abuse is the practice of imposing something unpleasant on a wrongdoer as a response to something unwanted that the wrongdoer has done. ... A legal code is a moral code enforced by the law of a state. ... Totalitarianism describes a form of government where the state exercises absolute political and social control over most or all aspects of public and private behavior, there is no regard for individualism, and political opposition is typically subject to violent or arbitrary repression. ... Political repression means the restriction of the abilities of certain groups of people to take part in the political life of a society; or the persecution of people for their political beliefs. ... A death squad is an extra-judicial group whose members execute or assassinate persons they believe to be politically unreliable or undesirable. ... A forced disappearance occurs when an organization forces a person to vanish from public view, either by murder or by simple sequestration. ...

In times of war, societal collapse, or in the absence of an established system of criminal justice, there may be an increased incidence of extrajudicial punishment. In such extreme circumstances, police or military personnel may be authorised to summarily execute individuals involved in rioting, looting or violent acts, especially if caught in flagrante delicto. The study of criminal justice traditionally revolves around three main components of the criminal justice system: police, courts, corrections. ... Summary execution of Viet Cong agent. ... Looting (which derives via the Hindi lut from Sanskrit lunt, to rob) is the inconsiderate taking of valuables triggered by a change in authority or the absence thereof. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...

Although the legal use of capital punishment is generally decreasing around the world, activists, dissidents and other individuals or groups deemed "undesirable" may still be targeted for extrajudicial killing by some regimes, typically on a covert basis in an attempt to avoid public outcries and international criticism. Capital punishment, also called the death penalty, is the execution of a convicted criminal as a punishment for a crime often called a capital offence or a capital crime. ... A dissident, broadly defined, is a person who actively opposes an established opinion, policy, or structure. ...

Extrajudicial punishment around the world

See NKVD troika and Special Council of the NKVD for examples from the history of the Soviet Union, where extrajudicial punishment "by administrative means" was part of the state policy. Most Latin American dictatorships regularly instituted extrajudicial killings of their enemies (see Operation Condor). Some people consider the killing of Black Panther Fred Hampton to have been an extrajudicial killing ordered by the United States government. What does it mean? The Russian word troika (threesome, triumvirate) denoted commissions of three persons as an additional instrument of extrajudicial punishment (внесудебная расправа, внесудебное преследование) introduced to supplement the legal system with a means for quick punishment of anti-Soviet elements. ... Special Council of the USSR NKVD (Особое Совещание при НКВД СССР, ОСО) was created by the same decree of Sovnarkom of July 10, 1934 that introduced the NKVD itself. ... By administrative means (В административном порядке, V administrativnom poryadke) was an expression in use in the Soviet Union applied to the cases when some actions that normally required a collegial decision were left to the decision of certain officials, i. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler were two of the 20th centurys most notorious dictators. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Black Panthers redirects here. ... Fred Hampton (August 30, 1948 – December 4, 1969) was a radical African American activist and deputy chairman of the Illinois chapter of the Black Panther Party. ...

The government of Israel has also been accused of carrying out extrajudicial killings, which they term "targeted assassinations," against leaders of organisations involved in carrying out attacks against Israeli citizens. The Israeli government and its defenders, however, consider these people to be enemy combatants and not civilians; hence they are legitimate military targets as per the rules of war. This term is used by the United States to describe a person whom has been designated by the President of the United States as such. ... A civilian is a person who is not a member of a military. ... The only atomic weapons ever used in war - the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan on August 9, 1945, effectively ending World War II. The bombs over Hiroshima (August 6) and Nagasaki immediately killed over 120,000 people. ...

See also

• Lynching
• Terrorism
• Summary execution
• Extraordinary rendition

Lynching is violence, usually murder, conceived by its perpetrators as extra-legal execution, or used as a terrorist method of enforcing social domination. ... It has been suggested that Demographics of terrorism be merged into this article or section. ... Extraordinary rendition is a United States government euphemism for an extra-judicial (i. ...

Monitoring organizations

• Amnesty International
• Ansar Burney Trust
• Human Rights Watch