Eye black is a grease applied under the eyes to reduce glare. It is often used by baseball and American football players, where sunlight or stadium lights can impair vision of an airborne ball. Traditional grease consists of beeswax, paraffin, and carbon.^[1] Patented antiglare stickers that emulate the grease are also manufactured, sometimes with a sports team logo printed on. According to Paul Lukas of ESPN.com, the earliest known instance of a player wearing eye black is Washington Redskins fullback Andrew Farkas, who apparently came up with the idea on his own in 1942. A human eye. ... This time exposure photo of New York City shows sky glow, one form of light pollution. ... A view of the playing field at Busch Stadium II St. ... United States simply as football, is a competitive team sport that is both fast-paced and strategic. ... Beeswax cake Fresh wax scales (in the middle of the lower row) Beeswax is a product from a bee hive. ... Paraffin is a common name for a group of alkane hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2, where n is greater than about 20, discovered by Carl Reichenbach. ... General Name, Symbol, Number carbon, C, 6 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 14, 2, p Appearance black (graphite) colorless (diamond) Atomic mass 12. ... Protest sticker on the Manhattan Bridge in New York City A label is any kind of tag attached with adhesive to something so as to identify the object or its contents. ... City Landover, Maryland Other nicknames The Skins Team colors Burgundy and Gold Head Coach Joe Gibbs Owner Dan Snyder Fight song Hail to the Redskins League/Conference affiliations National Football League (1932–present) Eastern Division (1933-1949) American Conference (1950-1952) Eastern Conference (1953-1969) Capitol Division (1967-1969) National... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ...

A 2003 study by Brian DeBroff and Patricia Pahk tested whether black eye grease actually had anti-glare properties. The subjects of the study were divided into three groups: wearers of eye black, wearers of antiglare stickers, and wearers of petroleum jelly. The subjects' vision was tested using an eye chart while being exposed to natural sunlight. The study concluded that eye black reduced glare of the sun and improved contrast sensitivity, whereas commercial antiglare stickers and petroleum jelly (the control substance) were found to be ineffective.^[2] A further study which set to improve DeBroff's methodology also found eye black to reduce glare from the sun, but less so in blue-eyed individuals and males.^[3] Petroleum jelly or petrolatum is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons. ... Traditional Snellen chart. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...

References

1. ^ What's That Black Grease Baseball Players Put On?. CNN Live at Daybreak. Retrieved on December 28, 2005.
2. ^ Brian M. DeBroff and Patricia J. Pahk (July 2003). "The Ability of Periorbitally Applied Antiglare Products to Improve Contrast Sensitivity in Conditions of Sunlight Exposure". Archives of Ophthalmology 121 (7): 997–1001. 
3. ^ Benjamin R. Powers (2005). "Why Do Athletes Use Eye Black?". University of New Hampshire Inquiry. 

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External link

• Some Players Use It to Cut Glare, Others to Turn Up the Spotlight