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FCAPS is the ISO Telecommunications Management Network model and framework for network management. FCAPS is an acronym for Fault, Configuration, Accounting, Performance, Security which are the management categories into which the ISO model defines network management tasks. In non-billing organizations Accounting is sometimes replaced with Administration. “ISO†redirects here. ...
The Telecommunications Management Network is a protocol model defined by ITU-T for managing open systems in a communications network. ...
Network management refers to the maintenance and administration of large-scale computer networks and telecommunications networks at the top level. ...
The comprehensive management of an organization's information technology (IT) infrastructure is a fundamental requirement. Employees and customers rely on IT services where availability and performance are mandated, and problems can be quickly identified and resolved. Mean time to repair (MTTR) must be as short as possible to avoid system downtimes where a loss of revenue or lives is possible. Information and communication technology spending in 2005 Information technology (IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA), is the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware. ...
Mean time to recovery is the average time that a device will take to recover from a non-terminal failure. ...
Downtime refers to a period of time or a percentage of a timespan that a machine or system (usually a computer server) is offline or not functioning, usually as a result of either system failure (such as a crash) or routine maintenance. ...
History
In 1996 the ITU-T introduced M.3010 which introduced the Telecommunications Management Network (TMN) framework for carriers to manage their service delivery networks. In 1997 M.3400 introduced FCAPS. The ISO applied FCAPS to data networks in the OSI Network Management Model.[citation needed] The Telecommunications Management Network is a protocol model defined by ITU-T for managing open systems in a communications network. ...
The term Service Delivery Platform (SDP) refers to a recently embraced architectural style applied to telecommunications infrastructure problems. ...
The Open Systems Interconnection Basic Reference Model (OSI Reference Model or OSI Model for short) is a layered, abstract description for communications and computer network protocol design, developed as part of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) initiative. ...
Fault management A fault is an event which has a negative significance. The goal of fault management is to recognize, isolate, correct and log faults that occur in the network. Furthermore, it uses trend analysis to predict errors so that the network is always available. This can be established by monitoring different things for abnormal behavior. In network management, fault management is the set of functions that (a) detect, isolate, and correct malfunctions in a telecommunications network, (b) compensate for environmental changes, and (c) include maintaining and examining error logs, accepting and acting on error detection notifications, tracing and identifying faults, carrying out sequences of diagnostics...
A telecommunications network is a network of telecommunications links arranged so that messages may be passed from one part of the network to another over multiple links. ...
When a fault or event occurs, a network component will often send a notification to the network operator using a proprietary or open protocol such as SNMP, or at least write a message to its console for a console server to catch and log/page. This notification is supposed to trigger automatic, or manual activities. For example, the gathering of more data to identify the nature and severity of the problem or to bring backup equipment on-line. For other senses of this word, see protocol. ...
The simple network management protocol (SNMP) forms part of the internet protocol suite as defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). ...
A console server (also console access server or console management server or serial console server) is a device or service that provides access to the system console of a computing device via networking technologies. ...
Fault logs are one input used to compile statistics to determine the provided service level of individual network elements, as well as sub-networks or the whole network. They are also used to determine apparently fragile network components which require further attention.
The leading Fault Management systems are HP OpenView, IBM, Micromuse Netcool, TTI Telecom Netrac, Clarity etc.. Fault Isolation tools like Delphi are also available which are basically used to isolate the fault in any telcom network. TTI Telecom (NASDAQ: TTIL), founded in 1992, is a leading provider of next generation Operations Support Systems (OSS) to communications service providers worldwide. ...
Netrac is a TTI Telecom Operations Support System (OSS) suite of products designed to meet communications service providers (CSPs) needs in areas of service assurance and fulfillment including fault and performance management, inventory, provisioning and service management. ...
Configuration management The goals of configuration management include: In information technology and telecommunications, the term configuration management or configuration control has the following meanings: The management of security features and assurances through control of changes made to hardware, software, firmware, documentation, test, test fixtures and test documentation of an automated information system, throughout the development and operational life...
- to gather and store configurations from network devices (this can be done locally or remotely).
- to simplify the configuration of the device
- to track changes which are made to the configuration
- to configure ('provision') circuits or paths through non-switched networks
As networks increase in size, an important task is automated configuration. Some examples of this task are DNS name<->address mappings, RANCID config change history, Cfengine managed files, RCS version control. It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ...
Rancid is a punk rock band formed in 1991 in Berkeley, California, by Matt Freeman and Tim Armstrong (former members of Operation Ivy). ...
Cfengine is a policy-based configuration management system written by Mark Burgess at Oslo University College. ...
The Revision Control System (RCS) is a software implementation of revision control that automates the storing, retrieval, logging, identification, and merging of revisions. ...
Accounting management Accounting is often referred to as billing management. The goal is to gather usage statistics for users.
Using the statistics the users can be billed and usage quota can be enforced.
Examples:
- Disk usage
- Link utilization
- CPU time
RADIUS, TACACS and DIAMETER are examples of protocols commonly used for accounting. Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) is an AAA (authentication, authorization and accounting) protocol for applications such as network access or IP mobility. ...
Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System (TACACS) is a remote authentication protocol that is used to communicate with an authentication server commonly used in UNIX networks. ...
DIAMETER is a computer networking protocol for AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting). ...
For non-billed networks, "administration" replaces "accounting". The goals of administration are to administer the set of authorized users by establishing users, passwords, and permissions, and to administer the operations of the equipment such as by performing software backup and synchronization.
Performance management Performance management enables the manager to prepare the network for the future, as well as to determine the efficiency of the current network, for example, in relation to the investments done to set it up. The network performance addresses the throughput, percentage utilization, error rates and response times areas. Performance management may mean: Performance measurement is the process of assessing progress toward achieving predetermined goals, while performance management is building on that process adding the relevant communication and action on the progress achieved against these predetermined goals (Bourne, M.,Franco, M. and Wilkes, J. (2003). ...
In communication networks, throughput is the amount of digital data per time unit that is delivered over a physical or logical link, or that is passing through a certain network node. ...
By collecting and analysing performance data, the network health can be monitored. Trends can indicate capacity or reliability issues before they become service affecting.
Performance thresholds can be set in order to trigger an alarm. The alarm would be handled by the normal fault management process (see above). Alarms vary depending upon the severity.
Security management Security management is the process of controlling access to assets in the network. Data security can be achieved mainly with authentication and encryption. Authorization to it configured with OS and DBMS access control settings. Authentication (from Greek αυθεντικός; real or genuine, from authentes; author) is the act of establishing or confirming something (or someone) as authentic, that is, that claims made by or about the thing are true. ...
“Encrypt†redirects here. ...
In security engineering and computer security, authorization, is a part of the operating system that protects computer resources by only allowing those resources to be used by resource consumers that have been granted authority to use them. ...
// An operating system (OS) is the software that manages the sharing of the resources of a computer. ...
A database management system (DBMS) is computer software designed for the purpose of managing databases. ...
Access control is the ability to permit or deny the use of something by someone. ...
External links
References - Burke Richard, 2004, "Network Management. Concepts and Practice: A Hands-on Approach", Pearson Education, Inc.
- ITU-T, 1996, "M.3010 Principles for a telecommunications management network"
- ITU-T, 1997, "M.3400 TMN management functions"
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