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Encyclopedia > Fab (semiconductors)
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Fabrication plant. (Discuss)

A fab is a factory for producing integrated circuits. It is a short form of "fabrication". Another term commonly used is semiconductor foundry. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... A fabrication plant (or fab) is a term usually used in computer manufacturing to describe a large factory used to manufacture microchips out of silicon wafers. ... Optical Microscope image of an integrated circuit showing defects in the aluminium layer deposition. ...


Semiconductor manufacturers gain advantage by having access to specific manufacturing technologies, known in the industry as process technology. These technologies may lie in the most up-to-date areas for mass market devices or in niche areas, such as mixed-signal circuits, which offer advantages in certain markets. A semiconductor is a material with an electrical conductivity that is intermediate between that of an insulator and a conductor. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Mixed-signal circuits refers to integrated circuits (ICs) which have both analog circuits and digital circuits combined on a single semiconductor die. ...


Typically an advance in chip-making technology requires a completely new fab to be built. In the past, the equipment to outfit a fab was not terribly expensive and there were a huge number of smaller fabs producing low-volume chips. However, the cost of the most up-to-date equipment has since grown to the point where a new fab typically costs in the order of several billion dollars. The word billion and its equivalents in other languages refer to one of two different numbers, depending on whether the writer is using the long or short scale. ... This page is about the dollar currency. ...


This has led to the rise of "fabless" design firms or fabless semiconductor company who do not produce their own chips. Instead they create the design itself, and have another company produce the actual chips for them. They are also known as IP firms. Nvidia and ATI, makers of graphics processors, are two examples. A fabless semiconductor company specializes in the design and sale of hardware devices implemented on semiconductor chips. ... NVIDIA Corporation NASDAQ: NVDA is a major supplier of graphics processors (graphics processing units, GPUs), graphics cards, and media and communications devices for PCs and game consoles such as the original Xbox and the new upcoming next generation Playstation 3. ... ATI Technologies Inc. ...


Another side effect of the cost has been the challenge to make use of older fabs. For many companies these older fabs are useful for producing designs for unique markets, such as embedded processors, flash memory, and microcontrollers. However for companies with more limited product lines, it's often best to either rent out the fab, or close it entirely. This page is a candidate for speedy deletion, because: it is patent nonsense. ... A USB Flash Memory Device Flash memory is a form of EEPROM (Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) that allows multiple memory locations to be erased or written in one programming operation. ... A microcontroller is a computer-on-a-chip used to control electronic devices. ...


See also


  Results from FactBites:
 
Texas Instruments - RFAB - Fun Facts about Fabs (275 words)
A fab is a place where semiconductors - the brains that make electronics work - are made.
Semiconductors are also called “chips.” They are created on layers of metals and chemicals called wafers inside “clean rooms.” TI's 300mm fab, DMOS 6, has a class 100 clean room, which means that there about 100 particles of dust or contaminant per cubic foot of air.
TI's most advanced fab produces semiconductors with dimensions as small as 0.09-micron, or 1000 times smaller than the diameter of a human hair.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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