Ignacy Krasicki.

Fables and Parables (Bajki i przypowieści, 1779), by Ignacy Krasicki, is a work in a long international tradition of fable-writing that reaches back to antiquity. Image File history File links Ignacy_Krasicki_1. ... Image File history File links Ignacy_Krasicki_1. ... Ignacy Krasicki Ignacy Krasicki (February 3, 1735, in Galicia — March 14, 1801, in Berlin) was a Polish prince of the Roman Catholic Church, a social critic, a leading writer, and the outstanding poet of the Polish Enlightenment, hailed by contemporaries as the Prince of Poets. ... Ignacy Krasicki Ignacy Krasicki (February 3, 1735, in Galicia — March 14, 1801, in Berlin) was a Polish prince of the Roman Catholic Church, a social critic, a leading writer, and the outstanding poet of the Polish Enlightenment, hailed by contemporaries as the Prince of Poets. ... For a comparison of fable with other kinds of stories, see Myth, legend, fairy tale, and fable. ... Antiquity means different things: Generally it means ancient history, and may be used of any period before the Middle Ages. ...

Emulating the fables of the ancient Greek Aesop, the Polish Biernat of Lublin, and the Frenchman Jean de La Fontaine, and anticipating Russia's Ivan Krylov, the Pole Krasicki populates his fables with anthropomorphized animals, plants, inanimate objects, and forces of nature, in masterful epigrammatic expressions of a skeptical, ironic view of the world. For a comparison of fable with other kinds of stories, see Myth, legend, fairy tale, and fable. ... Aesop, as depicted in the Nuremberg Chronicle by Hartmann Schedel in 1493. ... Biernat of Lublin (Polish: Biernat z Lublina, 1465? – after 1529) was a Polish poet, fabulist and physician. ... Motto: Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité Liberty, Equality, Fraternity Anthem: La Marseillaise Metropolitan France() – on the European continent() – in the European Union()  —  [] Capital (and largest city) Paris Official languages French Government Unitary republic  -  President Jacques Chirac  -  Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin Formation  -  Celtic Gaul 1200 BC   -  Franks 11 BC   -  Kingdom of France... Jean de La Fontaine (July 8, 1621 – April 13, 1695) is the most famous French fabulist and probably the most widely read French poet of the 17th century. ... Ivan Andreyevich Krylov (Иван Андреевич Крылов in Russian) (February 13, 1769 - November 21, 1844) was a famous Russian fabulist. ... For a comparison of fable with other kinds of stories, see Myth, legend, fairy tale, and fable. ... This dog has been dressed in human accessories for humorous effect. ... “Animalia” redirects here. ... Divisions Green algae Chlorophyta Charophyta Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta—liverworts Anthocerotophyta—hornworts Bryophyta—mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) †Rhyniophyta—rhyniophytes †Zosterophyllophyta—zosterophylls Lycopodiophyta—clubmosses †Trimerophytophyta—trimerophytes Pteridophyta—ferns and horsetails Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta—seed ferns Pinophyta—conifers Cycadophyta—cycads Ginkgophyta—ginkgo Gnetophyta—gnetae Magnoliophyta—flowering plants... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... WordNet gives four main senses for the English noun object: a physical entity; something that is within the grasp of the senses; an aim, target or objective — see Object (task); a grammatical Object — either a direct object or an indirect object the focus of cognitions or feelings. ... Galunggung in 1982, showing a combination of natural events. ... An epigram is a short poem with a clever twist at the end or a concise and witty statement. ... This article is about the psychological term. ... Irony is a literary or rhetorical device, in which there is a gap or incongruity between what a speaker or a writer says and what is generally understood (either at the time, or in the later context of history). ...

That view is informed by Krasicki's observations of humanity and of national and international politics in his day, notably the predicament of the expiring Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Just seven years earlier (1772), the Commonwealth had experienced the first of three partitions that would, by 1795, totally expunge the Commonwealth from the political map of Europe. Humanity refers to the human race or mankind as a whole, to that which is characteristically human, or to that which distinguishes human beings from other animals or from other animal species primal nature. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Politics is defined as a group of people who are influenced to change laws and other such things to make the world a better place the process by which groups of people make decisions. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Partitions of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Polish: Rozbiór Polski or Rozbiory Polski; Lithuanian: Lietuvos-Lenkijos padalijimai, Belarusian: Падзелы Рэчы Паспалітай) took place in the 18th century and ended the existence of the sovereign Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. ... A map is a simplified depiction of a space, a navigational aid which highlights relations between objects within that space. ...

The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth would fall victim to the aggression of three powerful neighbors, much as, in Krasicki's fable of "The Lamb and the Wolves" (reproduced here), the lamb falls victim to the two wolves. The First Partition had rendered Krasicki — an intimate of Poland's last king, Stanisław August Poniatowski — involuntarily a subject of that Partition's instigator, Prussia's King Frederick II ("the Great"). Krasicki would (unlike Frederick) survive to witness the final dismemberment of the Commonwealth. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Ignacy Krasicki Ignacy Krasicki (February 3, 1735, in Galicia — March 14, 1801, in Berlin) was a Polish prince of the Roman Catholic Church, a social critic, a leading writer, and the outstanding poet of the Polish Enlightenment, hailed by contemporaries as the Prince of Poets. ... For other persons named StanisÅ‚aw Poniatowski, see StanisÅ‚aw Poniatowski. ... Motto: Suum cuique Latin: To each his own Prussia at its peak, as leading state of the German Empire Capital Königsberg, later Berlin Political structure Duchy, Kingdom, Republic Duke1  - 1525–68 Albert I  - 1688–1701 Frederick III King1  - 1701–13 Frederick I  - 1888–1918 William II Prime Minister1,2... Frederick II (German: ; January 24, 1712 – August 17, 1786) was a King of Prussia (1740–1786) from the Hohenzollern dynasty. ...

Krasicki's parables (e.g., "The Blind Man and the Lame," "The King and the Scribes," and "The Drunkard"), while generally less striking than his fables, nonetheless point elegant moral lessons drawn from more quotidian human life. // For a comparison of parable with other kinds of stories, see Myth, legend, fairy tale, and fable. ... Fables and Parables (Bajki i przypowieści, 1779) by Ignacy Krasicki is an enduring classic of Polish literature. ... Fables and Parables (Bajki i przypowieści, 1779) by Ignacy Krasicki is an enduring classic of Polish literature. ... Fables and Parables (Bajki i przypowieści, 1779) by Ignacy Krasicki is an enduring classic of Polish literature. ... For a comparison of fable with other kinds of stories, see Myth, legend, fairy tale, and fable. ... A moral is a one sentence remark made at the end of many childrens stories that expresses the intended meaning, or the moral message, of the tale. ... The term quotidian derives from the Latin word for daily and refers to repetitive daily actions, events or routines - yet in typical usage carries a vaguely negative overtone. ... Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man or knowing man) in the family Hominidae (the great apes). ...

The Fables and Parables are written as 13-syllable lines, in couplets that rhyme aa bb... A syllable (Ancient Greek: ) is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds. ... A couplet is a pair of lines of verse. ... A rhyme is a repetition of identical or similar terminal sounds in two or more different words (i. ...

Polish critics generally prefer Krasicki's more concise Fables and Parables (1779) over his later New Fables (published posthumously in 1802).

Below are samples of Krasicki's Fables and Parables (1779) in English translation by Christopher Kasparek. Look up translate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Christopher Kasparek (born 1945) is a writer and a translator from Polish into English. ...

Foreword to the Fables

There was once a young man whose temperance never flagged;
There was an old man, too, who never scolded or nagged;
There was a rich man who shared his wealth with the needy;
There flourished an author, for renown never greedy;
There was a customs man who did not steal; a cobbler who shunned alcohol;
A soldier who did not boast; a rogue who did not brawl;
There was a politician who never thought of self;
There was a poet who never put lies on his shelf.
"No, you'll never convince me that that's the right label!"
"Nevertheless, I will call all of this a fable." Temperance is the practice of moderation. ... Customs is an authority or agency in a country responsible for collecting customs duties and for controlling the flow of animals and goods (including personal effects and hazardous items) in and out of a country. ... Shoemaking is a traditional handicraft profession, which has now been largely superseded by industrial manufacture of footwear. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A politician is an individual who is a formally recognized and active member of a government, or a person who influences the way a society is governed through an understanding of political power and group dynamics. ... The poor poet A poet is a person who writes poetry. ... For a comparison of fable with other kinds of stories, see Myth, legend, fairy tale, and fable. ...

The Blind Man and the Lame

A blind man was carrying a lame man on his back,
And everything was going well, everything's on track,
When the blind man decides to take it into his head
That he needn't listen to all that the lame man said.
"This stick I have will guide the two of us safe," said he,
And though warned by the lame man, he plowed into a tree.
On they proceeded; the lame man now warned of a brook;
The two survived, but their possessions a soaking took.
At last the blind man ignored the warning of a drop,
And that was to turn out their final and fatal stop.
Which of the two travelers, you may ask, was to blame?
Why, 'twas both the heedless blind man and the trusting lame. Blindness is the condition of lacking visual perception due to physiological or psychological factors. ... Look up lame in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Blindness is the condition of lacking visual perception due to physiological or psychological factors. ... Look up lame in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

The Eagle and the Hawk

Eagle, not wishing to incommode himself with chase,
Decided to send hawk after sparrows in his place.
Hawk brought him the sparrows, eagle ate them with pleasure;
At last, not quite sated with the dainties to measure,
Feeling his appetite growing keener and keener —
Eagle ate fowl for breakfast, the fowler for dinner. Genera Several, see below. ... Genera Accipiter Micronisus Melierax Urotriorchis Erythrotriorchis The term hawk refers to birds of prey in any of three senses: Strictly, to mean any of the species in the bird sub-family Accipitrinae in the genera Accipiter, Micronisus, Melierax, Urotriorchis, and Megatriorchis. ... Genera Passer Petronia Carpospiza Montifringilla The true sparrows, the Old World sparrows in the family Passeridae, are small passerine birds. ... A fowl is a bird of any kind, although some types of birds use the word specifically in their names (for example, Guineafowl and Peafowl). ...

The Rat and the Cat

Sitting on the altar, "They're burning incense to me,"
Boasted the rat to all his assembled family.
As the rat grew giddy from excess of incense smoke,
A cat lunged in, seized him, and dispatched him at a stroke. Look up Altar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Incense is a preparation of aromatic organic materials, intended to release fragrant smoke when burned. ... Species 50 species; see text *Several subfamilies of Muroids include animals called rats. ... Binomial name Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758 Synonyms Felis lybica invalid junior synonym The cat (or domestic cat, house cat) is a small carnivorous mammal. ...

Ocean and River Tagus

Ocean, all too arrogant in his immensity,
Began scorning the rivers that flowed into his sea.
"Send no more water," he told them, "I've enough of it."
Said Tagus: "Only take thought — it is for your profit,
For your grandeur that we do cleave the globe's fertile land:
Were it not for us rivers, your sea were not so grand." Animated map exhibiting the worlds oceanic waters. ... View over Tejo River from São Jorge Castle in Lisbon (June 2002). ...

The Old Dog and the Old Servant

So long as he brought in the duck and chased down the hare,
Old Sorrel could always reckon on getting his share.
Then the dog grew long in the tooth and could hunt no more,
So his lordship put the erstwhile pet out to pasture.
The poor dog, gnawing at bones, an object of pity,
Was fed by the once-seneschal, since become gillie. Subfamilies Dendrocygninae Oxyurinae Anatinae Aythyinae Merginae Duck is the common name for a number of species in the Anatidae family of birds. ... Jack rabbit and Jackrabbit redirect here. ... Sorrel is a coat color in horses, ranging from reddish-gold to deep burgundy. ... Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris The dog (Canis lupus familiaris) is a domestic subspecies of the wolf, a mammal of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. ... “Hunter” redirects here. ... A lord is a male who has power and authority. ... It has been suggested that Residential pets be merged into this article or section. ... Grays Anatomy illustration of a human femur. ... I PITY THE FOOL is also Mr. ... A seneschal was an officer in the houses of important nobles in the Middle Ages. ... Look up ghillie and gillie in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Birds in a Cage

"Why do you weep?" inquired the young siskin of the old,
"You're more comfortable in this cage than out in the cold."
"You were born caged," said the elder, "this was your morrow;
"I was free, now I'm caged — hence the cause of my sorrow." A number of small birds in the finch family Fringillidae are named as siskins. ...

The Lion and the Beasts

Lion, in order to give evidence of his grace,
Invited his intimates to join him in the chase.
They hunted together, and as token of favor
Lion ate meat and let his comrades the bones savor.
His beneficence having thus become established,
Inasmuch as to show them more favor yet he wished,
That they might more fully appreciate their leader,
Lion gave them leave to devour one of their number.
After the first, a second, a third, a fourth vanished.
Seeing the beasts grown fat, lion though scarcely famished,
So's to restrain their predations and blot out his shame,
Ate them one and all in justice and decorum's name. Beneficence Beneficence serves as the motto and logo for Ball State University, located in Muncie, Indiana. ... “Animalia” redirects here. ... A juvenile Red-tailed Hawk eating a California Vole In ecology, predation describes a biological interaction where a predator organism feeds on another living organism or organisms known as prey. ... Etiquette is the code that governs the expectations of social behavior, the conventional norm. ...

The Little Fish and the Pike

Espying a worm in the water, the little fish
Did greatly regret the worm could not become his dish.
Up came a pike and made his preparations to dine;
He swallowed both worm and hook, which he failed to divine.
As the angler pulled ashore his magnificent prize,
Quoth the little fish: "Sometimes good to be undersize." Species  E. americanus –       grass and redfin pickerels  E. lucius – northern pike  E. masquinongy – muskellunge  E. niger – chain pickerel   – Amur pike Esox Linnaeus, 1758, is a genus of freshwater fish, the only member of the pike family (family Esocidae) of order Esociformes. ... Angling is a method of fishing, specifically the practice of catching fish by means of an angle (hook). ...

Two Dogs

"Why do I freeze out of doors while you sleep on a rug?"
Inquired the bobtail mongrel of the fat, sleek pug.
"I have run of the house, and you the run of a chain,"
The pug replied, "because you serve, while I entertain." A healthy mixed-breed dog shows hybrid vigor. ... For the song by The Smashing Pumpkins, see Adore. ...

The Elephant and the Bee

The weak, if they're wise, will not take umbrage at the strong!
A bee, confident in the grievousness of her sting,
Approached an elephant as he grazed in the meadow,
Paying no attention to his wee apian fellow.
Bee resolved to chastise him and proceeded to sting.
What happened? The bee died, the elephant felt nothing. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... A bee A bee sting strictly means a sting from a bee (honeybee, bumblebee, sweat bee etc). ... Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Elephas antiquus † Elephas beyeri † Elephas celebensis † Elephas cypriotes † Elephas ekorensis † Elephas falconeri † Elephas iolensis † Elephas planifrons † Elephas platycephalus † Elephas recki † Stegodon † Mammuthus † Elephantidae (the elephants) is a family of pachyderm, and the only remaining family in the order Proboscidea... A meadow is a habitat of rolling or flat terrain where grasses predominate. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

The Stream and the River

The stream swiftly running through a beautiful valley
Did reproach the great river for flowing so slowly.
Said the river: "Ere we two the morning dawn shall see,
You quickly, and I slowly, will fall into the sea."

The Master and the Dog

The dog barked all the night, keeping the burglar away;
It got a beating for waking the master, next day.
That night it slept soundly, and did the burglar no harm;
He burgled; the dog got caned for not raising alarm. Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris The dog (Canis lupus familiaris) is a domestic subspecies of the wolf, a mammal of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. ... Burglary is a crime related to United States burglary is a felony and involves trespassing, or entering a building with intent to commit any crime, not necessarily a felony or theft. ... Burglars attempted to break into an apartment by pulling away the lock. ... Look up cane in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Alarm (disambiguation). ...

The Humble Lion

'Tis bad at master's court to lie, bad the truth to tell.
Lion, intent on showing all that he was humble,
Called for open reproaches. Said the fox: "Your great vice
Is that you're too kind, too gracious, excessively nice."
The sheep, seeing lion pleased by fox's rebuke, said:
"You are a cruel, voracious tyrant." — and she was dead. Humility is a quality or characteristic ascribed to a person who is considered to be humble. ...

The Carter and the Butterfly

The cart was bogged down and could move no more through the mire;
The carter had stopped, and so had the horses entire.
A butterfly sitting on top of the conveyance,
Concluding he was a burden to the cart's advance,
Bethought himself: "Mercy is a good habit abroad."
He flew off the cart and told the peasant: "Go with God!" A cart is a vehicle or device, using two wheels and normally one horse, designed for transport. ... Lütt-Witt Moor, a bog in Henstedt-Ulzburg in northern Germany. ...

The Lamb and the Wolves

Aggression ever finds cause if sufficiently pressed.
Two wolves on the prowl had trapped a lamb in the forest
And were about to pounce. Quoth the lamb: "What right have you?"
"You're toothsome, weak, in the wood." — The wolves dined sans ado. In psychology and other social and behavioral sciences, aggression refers to behavior that is intended to cause harm or pain. ... Wolf Wolf Man Mount Wolf Wolf Prizes Wolf Spider Wolf 424 Wolf 359 Wolf Point Wolf-herring Frank Wolf Friedrich Wolf Friedrich August Wolf Hugo Wolf Johannes Wolf Julius Wolf Max Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf Maximilian Wolf Rudolf Wolf Thomas Wolf As Name Wolf Breidenbach Wolf Hirshorn Other The call... It has been suggested that Lambing be merged into this article or section. ...

The Violet and the Grass

In the shade of spreading trees on a beautiful green
'Mid grass took root a violet, none lovelier seen.
The grass grew tall and broad; the violet, terrified,
Hid as it might, but its scent there was no way to hide.
As the envious sward rejoiced at its neighbor's pass,
The mowers cut down violets as well as the grass. The village green in Comberton in Cambridgeshire, UK, with a pond, a village sign and a bench to enjoy the view For the community in New York, see Village Green, New York. ... Natural vegetation dominated by grasses Grass is a common word that generally describes a monocotyledonous green plant in the family Poaceae. ... Species List of Viola species Violets (Viola) are a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae, with around 400-500 species throughout the world, mainly in the temperate Northern Hemisphere but also in Hawaii, Australasia, and the Andes in South America. ... Olfaction, the sense of smell, is the detection of chemicals dissolved in air (or, by animals that breathe water, in water). ...

Bread and Sword

As the bread lay next to the sword, the weapon demurred:
"You would certainly show me more respect if you heard
How by night and by day I conscientiously strive
So that you may safely go on keeping men alive."
"I know," said the bread, "the shape of your duty's course:
You defend me less often than you take me by force." Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ... Swiss longsword, 15th or 16th century Look up Sword in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

The King and the Scribes

A certain king, full of ideas and enterprise,
Decreed a register of the happy and the wise.
The scribe who recorded the happy, found almost none;
The one who listed the wise, did out of paper run. “Happy” redirects here. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This is about scribe, the profession. ...

Man and Wolf

Man was traveling in wolfskin when wolf stopped his way.
"Know from my garb," said the man, "what I am, what I may."
The wolf first laughed out loud, then grimly said to the man:
"I know that you are weak, if you need another's skin."

Compassion

The sheep was praising the wolf for all his compassion;
Hearing it, fox asked her: "How is that? In what fashion?"
"Very much so!" says the sheep, "I owe him what I am.
He's mild! He could've eaten me, but just ate my lamb."
It has been suggested that Idiot compassion be merged into this article or section. ...

Refractory Oxen

Pleasant the beginnings, but lamentable the end.
In spring, the oxen to their plowing would not attend;
They would not carry the grain to the barn in the fall;
Came winter, bread ran out, the farmer ate them withal. Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (often called cows in vernacular and contemporary usage, or kye as the Scots plural of cou) are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ... For the constellation known as The Plough see Ursa Major. ...

The Wolf and the Sheep

A certain wolf, ever cautious, ravenous withal,
Saw a carcass, advanced and landed in a pitfall.
He sat in the pit, sighing, then all at once heard sheep.
They looked down at the wolf barely breathing in the deep.
At length he spoke, and said with most gentle countenance:
"I didn't fall in, I am down here to do penance —
I'm doing penance for having assaulted, menaced,
For having devoured you..." When the sheep heard this, they asked:
"Come out of the pit!..." "I will not!..." "We will lift you out..."
The wolf demurred but, at the last, yielded to their shout.
The sheep set to work, and so did they set about it
That ere long they had lifted the wolf out of the pit.
The wolf, rescued from the trap, desired his faith to keep,
And so, slashed, strangled and devoured all the foolish sheep. With regard to living things, a body is the integral physical material of an individual. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Penance is repentance of sins, as well as the name of the Catholic Sacrament of Penance and Reconciliation/Confession. ...

The Drunkard

Having spent at the bottle many a night and day,
The ailing drunkard threw his mugs and glasses away;
He declared wine a tyrant, reviled beer, cursed out mead.
Then, his health restored... he'd no longer abstinence heed. This article or section should be merged with intoxication Drunkenness, in its most common usage, is the state of being intoxicated with alcohol (i. ... Mead Mead is a fermented alcoholic beverage made of honey, water, and yeast. ... Abstinence is a voluntary restraint from indulging a desire or appetite for certain bodily activities that are widely experienced as giving pleasure. ...

Translated from the Polish by Christopher Kasparek. Christopher Kasparek (born 1945) is a writer and a translator from Polish into English. ...

Note on the translations:

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ...

References

• Ignacy Krasicki, Bajki: wybór (Fables: a Selection), selected and with introduction by Zdzisław Libera, illustrated with drawings by Gustave Doré, Warsaw, Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1974. The volume includes selections from Krasicki's New Fables, published posthumously in 1802.
• Czesław Miłosz, The History of Polish Literature, 2nd ed., Berekely, University of California Press, 1983.
• Julian Krzyżanowski, Historia literatury polskiej: Alegoryzm — preromantyzm (A History of Polish Literature: Allegorism — Preromanticism), Warsaw, Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1974.
• Jan Zygmunt Jakubowski, ed., Literatura polska od średniowiecza do pozytywizmu (Polish Literature from the Middle Ages to Positivism), Warsaw, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1979.

Ignacy Krasicki Ignacy Krasicki (February 3, 1735, in Galicia — March 14, 1801, in Berlin) was a Polish prince of the Roman Catholic Church, a social critic, a leading writer, and the outstanding poet of the Polish Enlightenment, hailed by contemporaries as the Prince of Poets. ... Doré photographed by Felix Nadar. ... CzesÅ‚aw MiÅ‚osz  ; (June 30, 1911 – August 14, 2004), was a Polish poet, writer, academic, and translator. ...

See also

• Fable
• Parable
• Poetry
• Political fiction
• Politics in fiction

   Return to top of page. For a comparison of fable with other kinds of stories, see Myth, legend, fairy tale, and fable. ... // For a comparison of parable with other kinds of stories, see Myth, legend, fairy tale, and fable. ... The Chinese poem Quatrain on Heavenly Mountain by Emperor Gaozong (Song Dynasty) Poetry (from the Greek , poiesis, a making or creating) is a form of art in which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its ostensible meaning. ... Social fiction (also called political fiction) is sub-genre of science fiction focused on possible development of societies (most often set in near future or a fictional country), very often dominated by totalitarian governments. ... This is a list of fictional stories in which politics features as an important plot element. ...