 Photographs from the 1862 book Mécanisme de la Physionomie Humaine by Guillaume Duchenne. Through electric stimulation, Duchenne determined which muscles were responsible for different facial expressions. Charles Darwin would later republish some of these photographs in his own work on the subject, which compared facial expressions in humans to those in animals. A facial expression results from one or more motions or positions of the muscles of the face. These movements convey the emotional state of the individual to observers. Facial expressions are a form of nonverbal communication. They are a primary means of conveying social information among Humans, but also occur in most other mammals and some other animal species. Image File history File links Merge-arrows. ...
A persons face, especially their eyes, creates the most obvious and immediate cues that lead to the formation of impressions. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (614x733, 112 KB) Facial expressions triggered by electric stimulation. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (614x733, 112 KB) Facial expressions triggered by electric stimulation. ...
Guillaume Benjamin Amand Duchenne (born September 17, 1806 in Boulogne; died September 15, 1875) was a French neurologist. ...
For other people of the same surname, and places and things named after Charles Darwin, see Darwin. ...
For other uses of Muscles, see Muscles (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Face (disambiguation). ...
Look up Emotion in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Human beings are defined variously in biological, spiritual, and cultural terms, or in combinations thereof. ...
Orders Subclass Monotremata Monotremata Subclass Marsupialia Didelphimorphia Paucituberculata Microbiotheria Dasyuromorphia Peramelemorphia Notoryctemorphia Diprotodontia Subclass Placentalia Xenarthra Dermoptera Desmostylia Scandentia Primates Rodentia Lagomorpha Insectivora Chiroptera Pholidota Carnivora Perissodactyla Artiodactyla Cetacea Afrosoricida Macroscelidea Tubulidentata Hyracoidea Proboscidea Sirenia The mammals are the class of vertebrate animals primarily characterized by the presence of mammary...
For other uses, see Species (disambiguation). ...
Humans can adopt a facial expression as a voluntary action. However, because expressions are closely tied to emotion, they are more often involuntary. It can be nearly impossible to avoid expressions for certain emotions, even when it would be strongly desirable to do so; a person who is trying to avoid insult to an individual he or she finds highly unattractive might nevertheless show a brief expression of disgust before being able to reassume a neutral expression. The close link between emotion and expression can also work in the other direction; it has been observed that voluntarily assuming an expression can actually cause the associated emotion. A voluntary action is a motor response induced by a processed response to external stimulus. ...
A woman showing disgust. ...
Some expressions can be accurately interpreted even between members of different species- anger and extreme contentment being the primary examples. Others, however, are difficult to interpret even in familiar individuals. For instance, disgust and fear can be tough to tell apart. This article is about the emotion. ...
This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ...
A woman showing disgust. ...
For other uses, see Fear (disambiguation). ...
Because faces have only a limited range of movement, expressions rely upon fairly minuscule differences in the proportion and relative position of facial features, and reading them requires considerable sensitivity to same. Some faces are often falsely read as expressing some emotion, even when they are neutral, because their proportions naturally resemble those another face would temporarily assume when emoting.
Universality
Charles Darwin noted in his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals: For other people of the same surname, and places and things named after Charles Darwin, see Darwin. ...
The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals is a book by the British naturalist Charles Darwin published in 1872, on how animals and humans express and signal to others their emotions. ...
- ...the young and the old of widely different races, both with man and animals, express the same state of mind by the same movements.
Still, up to the mid-20th century most anthropologists believed that facial expressions were entirely learned and could therefore differ among cultures. Studies eventually supported Darwin's belief to a large degree, particularly for expressions of anger, sadness, fear, surprise, disgust, contempt, happiness and caring.[citation needed] Anthropology (from Greek: ἀνθÏωπος, anthropos, human being; and λόγος, logos, knowledge) is the study of humanity. ...
The people of New Guinea called South Fore were chosen as subjects for one such survey. The study consisted of 189 adults and 130 children from among a very isolated population, as well as twenty three members of the culture who lived a less isolated lifestyle as a control group. Participants were told a story that described one particular emotion; they were then shown three pictures (two for children) of facial expressions and asked to match the picture which expressed the story's emotion. From Latin ex- + -periri (akin to periculum attempt). ...
While the isolated South Fore people could identify emotions with the same accuracy as the non-isolated control group, problems associated with the study include the fact that both fear and surprise were constantly misidentified. The study concluded that certain facial expressions correspond to particular emotions, regardless of cultural background, and regardless of whether or not the culture has been isolated or exposed to the mainstream. Look up mainstream in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Facial expressions Some examples of feelings that can be expressed are: This article is about the emotion. ...
This article is about psychological concept of attention. ...
For other uses, see Contempt (disambiguation). ...
Look up desire in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
A woman showing disgust. ...
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For other uses, see Fear (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Happiness (disambiguation). ...
Look up Confusion in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Confusion can have the following meanings: Unclarity or puzzlement, e. ...
Sadness is a mood that displays feeling of disadvantage and loss. ...
The human expression of surprise Look up surprise in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The muscles of facial expression See also: facial muscles. ...
The muscles of the auricula. ...
The Buccinator is a thin quadrilateral muscle, occupying the interval between the maxilla and the mandible at the side of the face. ...
Left obicularis oculi notice the corrugator muscle at the top The Corrugator supercilii is a small, narrow, pyramidal muscle, placed at the medial end of the eyebrow, beneath the Frontalis and Orbicularis oculi. ...
The Depressor anguli oris is a muscle of the human body. ...
The Depressor labii is part of a small quadrilateral muscle. ...
The Depressor septi nasi is a muscle of the human body, in the nose. ...
The Frontalis is thin, of a quadrilateral form, and intimately adherent to the superficial fascia. ...
The Levator anguli oris is a muscle of the human body. ...
The Levator labii superioris is a muscle of the human body. ...
The levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle is, translated from Latin, the lifter of the upper lip and of the wing of the nose. It is the muscle with the longest name in the human body. ...
The Mentalis is a muscle of the human body. ...
In facial anatomy, the modiolus is a chiasma of facial muscles held together by fibrous tissue, located lateral and slightly superior to each angle of the mouth. ...
The Nasalis (Compressor naris) is a sphincter-like muscle of the nose whose function is to compress the nasal cartilege. ...
The orbicularis oculi arises from the nasal part of the frontal bone, from the frontal process of the maxilla in front of the bickybicky WUT werd, and from the anterior surface and borders of a short fibrous band, the medial palpebral ligament. ...
The orbicularis oris is the sphincter muscle around the mouth. ...
The platysma is a superficial muscle that stretches from the clavicle to the mandible overlapping the sternocleidomastoid. ...
Procerus muscle Origin/Proximal Attatchment: From fascia over the lower of the nasal bone Insertion/Distal Attatchment: Into the skin of the lower part of the forehead between the eyebrows Action/Relevance: Draws down the medial angle of the eyebrow giving expressions of frowning Innervation: Buccal branch of the facial...
The Risorius is a muscle of the human body. ...
The Zygomatic major is a muscle of the human body. ...
The Zygomaticus minor is a muscle of the human body. ...
See also Facial Action Coding System (FACS) is a system originally developed by Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen in 1976, to taxonomize every conceivable human facial expression. ...
It has been suggested that Making a face be merged into this article or section. ...
Metacommunicative competence is the ability to steeringly intervene within difficult conversations and to correct communication problems by utilizing the different ways of practical communication: verbal communication: by words or their meaning paraverbal communication: loudness of speaking, manner of speaking, when keeping silent, meaning of interrupting or interfering the conversation nonverbal...
For other uses, see Laughter (disambiguation). ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Laughter. ...
Paul Ekman (born 1934) is a psychologist and has been a pioneer in the study of emotions and facial expressions. ...
External links and references Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Facial expression Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
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