From nearby, a humanindividual is mainly recognized by his or her face. Other differences in appearance are less suitable:
usually most of the body is covered with clothing, which varies from day to day;
body parts other than the face that are uncovered, such as usually hands, are not as easy to tell people apart;
the arrangement of the hair also helps recognizing people, but, like clothing, a person may vary this, and it may also be covered by headgear.
People can also fairly well be recognized by voice. The combination of visual and auditive recognition is even more effective and often removes any doubts.
From longer distances, people can be recognized by their body size and shape and their gait.
Recognition for commercial, security and legal reasons, including forensics
This recognition problem is made difficult by the great variability in head rotation and tilt, lighting intensity and angle, facial expression, aging, etc. Some other attempts at facialrecognition by machine have allowed for little or no variability in these quantities.
In the recognition phase, the set of distances was compared with the corresponding distance for each photograph, yielding a distance between the photograph and the database record.
Among the different biometric techniques facialrecognition may not be the most reliable and efficient but its great advantage is that it does not require aid from the test subject.
The structurally encoded representation is transferred to notional 'facerecognition units' which in conjunction with 'person identity nodes' allow the person to be identified by information from semantic memory.
Other scientists, in particular Nancy Kanwisher and her colleagues, argue that facerecognition involves processes that are face-specific and that are not recruited by expert discriminations in other object classes (See the domain specificity).
Therefore, it is still not clear in exactly which situations the fusiform gyrus becomes active, although it is certain that facerecognition relies heavily on this area and damage to it can lead to severe facerecognition impairment.
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