Fado (translated as destiny or fate) is a music genre which can be traced from the 1820s in Portugal, but probably with much earlier origins. It is characterized by mournful tunes and lyrics, often about the sea or the life of the poor. Portugal is internationally known in the music scene for its traditions of fado, a popular form of music that has undergone numerous mutations in the last half of the 20th century. ... For the terrain type see Moor Moors is used in this article to describe the medieval Muslim inhabitants of al-Andalus and the Maghreb, whose culture is often called Moorish. For other meanings look at Moors (Meaning) or Blackamoors. ... A modinha is a kind of sentimental love song. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified with the purpose of making music. ... The Portuguese guitar was developed based on the English guitar, which was created in England in the late 18th century out of a Renaissance instrument called cittern. ... Cover from Guitarra Portuguesa by Carlos Paredes. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Nationalistic independence helped reshape the world during this decade: Greece gains independence from the Ottoman Empire in the Greek War of Independence (1821-1827). ...

The music is usually linked to the Portuguese word saudade, a word describing a sentiment that is commonly considered to have no accurate translation in any other language. A similar but not accurate English translation might be to pine for something. Saudades (pron. ... Sentiment can refer to: feelings and emotions the literary device sentimentality, which is used to induce an emotional response disproportionate to the situation, and thus to substitute heightened and generally unthinking feeling for normal ethical and intellectual judgment an eighteenth century literary genre called the sentimental novel This is a...

Some enthusiasts claim that Fado's origins are a mixture of African slave rhythms with the traditional music of Portuguese sailors and Arabic influence. A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Slave redirects here. ... Arabic music includes several genres and styles of music ranging from Arab classical to Arabic pop music and from secular to sacred music. ...

There are two main varieties of fado, namely those of the cities of Lisbon and Coimbra. The Lisbon style is the most popular, while Coimbra's is the more refined style. Modern fado is popular in Portugal, and has produced many renowned musicians. According to tradition, to applaud fado in Lisbon you clap your hands, in Coimbra you cough as if clearing your throat. For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... Location    - Country Portugal    - Region Centro  - Subregion Baixo Mondego  - District or A.R. Coimbra Mayor Carlos Encarnação  - Party PSD Area 319. ... This is a list of fado musicians. ...

Mainstream fado performances during the 20th century included only a singer, a Portuguese guitar player and a classical guitar player but more recent settings range from singer and string quartet to full orchestra. The Portuguese guitar was developed based on the English guitar, which was created in England in the late 18th century out of a Renaissance instrument called cittern. ...

History

Mariza is a Portuguese female fado singer.

Fado singer Débora Rodrigues performs in Lisbon

Fado musicians

António Chainho Portuguese fado guitarist

The fado is undoubtedly Portugal's most famous music. It is also a most rewarding experience which amply repays any effort that may be entailed in its initial appreciation.^[1] One theory states that Fado had its origin in Moorish songs, which were preserved in the quarter of Mouraria in Lisbon. The melancholy of those songs and the references in many fado lyrics to this part of Lisbon support that theory. Musicological research connects the first fado performances to modinhas, which were a kind of Brazilian hall music that was successful among middle-class social circles in the later 18th century in Lisbon and Porto: at the time, Brazilian students were a strong presence in the University of Coimbra. This work is copyrighted. ... This work is copyrighted. ... Mariza, 2004 Mariza Reis Nunes (pron. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (780x683, 210 KB) Summary Fado singer Debora Rodrigues performs in Lisbon. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (780x683, 210 KB) Summary Fado singer Debora Rodrigues performs in Lisbon. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2272 × 1704 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2272 × 1704 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (1653 × 1102 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (1653 × 1102 pixel, file size: 1. ... António Chainho (born Santiago do Cacém, 1938) is a Portuguese fado guitarrist. ... For the terrain type see Moor Moors is used in this article to describe the medieval Muslim inhabitants of al-Andalus and the Maghreb, whose culture is often called Moorish. For other meanings look at Moors (Meaning) or Blackamoors. ... A modinha is a kind of sentimental love song. ... The University of Coimbra (Portuguese: Universidade de Coimbra) is a Portuguese public university in Coimbra, Portugal. ...

The first great fado singer who survived in collective memory is Maria Severa, who lived in the first half of the 19th century. Recorded fado, however, did not appear until the next century. In the 1920s and 1930s, a series of fado de Coimbra (a version born in Coimbra) recordings were very popular. Guitarists Carlos Paredes and his father Artur Paredes were the masters and the great pioneers of this genre and of the Portuguese guitar. The Orfeon Académico de Coimbra was, and still is, one of the most prominent ambassadors of Fado de Coimbra, along with an internationally recognized choral activity. The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ... The 1930s (years from 1930–1939) were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known as the World Depression. ... The Fado de Coimbra is a type of fado, originating in the university city of Coimbra, Portugal. ... Location    - Country Portugal    - Region Centro  - Subregion Baixo Mondego  - District or A.R. Coimbra Mayor Carlos Encarnação  - Party PSD Area 319. ... Cover from Guitarra Portuguesa. ... The Portuguese guitar was developed based on the English guitar, which was created in England in the late 18th century out of a Renaissance instrument called cittern. ... Orfeon Académico de Coimbra is the oldest and most famous academic choir in Portugal. ...

Amália Rodrigues introduced the most well-known variety of fado. Still today, after her death in 1999, Rodrigues is considered to have been the greatest fado diva ever. After she died, a new wave of performers added stylistic changes and brought more international popularity to the traditional Portuguese music. In the last few decades there has also been some successful experimentation with fado by mixing it with electronic music. Carlos do Carmo, Mariza, Ana Moura, Mafalda Arnauth, Camané, Katia Guerreiro and Mísia brought with them a new look to the traditional song, occasionally reviving 19th century fado. Amália Rodrigues Amália Rodrigues, pron. ... For other uses, see Electronic music (disambiguation). ... Carlos do Carmo (born 1939) is a Portuguese fado singer, one of the finest in the Lisbon Song. He´s the son of another fado singer, Lucília do Carmo. ... Mariza, 2004 Mariza Reis Nunes (pron. ... Ana Moura (born in 1980, in Santarém, Portugal) is a Portuguese fado singer. ... Mafalda Arnauth, born in Lisbon, Portugal, in October of 1974, was at the time one of the latest revelations in fado. ... Camanéis widely accepted as the most impressive and representative male voice of a new generation of Fado singers. ... Katia Guerreiro (born in South Africa in 1976) is a Portuguese fado singer. ... Mísia is a Portuguese fado singer, born in Oporto, Portugal. ...

Whilst Dulce Pontes mixed fado with popular and traditional Portuguese music, Madredeus and Cristina Branco added new instruments and themes – all they kept of the original Fado are its looks and the concept of saudade. The fado is almost universally sorrowful, although some can also be joyful songs. Lágrimas - album from 1993 Dulce Pontes is a Portuguese musician, songwriter and vocalist who writes and performs in many music styles, including pop, folk and classical music. ... Madredeus (pron. ... Cristina Branco was born in 1972 in Almeirim, in the Ribatejo region, Portugal, where she still lives. ... Saudades (pron. ...

Mariza is considered to be one of the best fado singers of the newest generation. Mariza, 2004 Mariza Reis Nunes (pron. ...

Lisboa Fado

Fado probably arose from the taverns and popular squares of working-class city sectors (Alfama, Castelo, Mouraria, Bairro Alto, Madragoa), being sung and heard by the people until the well-to-do began frequenting those places to join in the enjoyment of the music. The first fado singer of renown was Maria Severa. Categories: Portugal geography stubs ... There are parishes that have the name Castelo (Portuguese for castle) In Brazil Castelo, Espírito Santo In Portugal Castelo, a parish in the city of Lisbon Castelo, a parish in the municipality of Moimenta da Beira Castelo, a parish in the municipality of Sertã Castelo, a parish in the... Bairro Alto (literally upper quarter in Portuguese) is an area of central Lisbon, Portugal. ...

The most popular themes were saudade, nostalgia, the small stories of everyday life in the traditional sections of town (bairros típicos) and Bullfights: these were also the themes for songs that were permitted by the Salazar dictatorship, and these themes pushed aside the tragic fado, which dealt with lovers’ jealousy or passion, often leading to violence, with lots of blood, repentance and remorse. The lyrics that were concerned with social or political problems, or which featured any complaint about the establishment, were repressed by the regime's censorship. Saudades (pron. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... António de Oliveira Salazar, pron. ...

The “classic” fado (also known as fado castiço) was performed by the earliest performers of whom anything is known: among others these were Carlos Ramos, Alfredo Marceneiro, Berta Cardoso, Maria Teresa de Noronha, Hermínia Silva, Fernando Farinha, Fernando Maurício, Lucília do Carmo, Manuel de Almeida. Maria Teresa de Noronha performing in the early 1960s D. Maria Teresa do Carmo de Noronha, (November 7, 1918 – July 5, 1993) was a Portuguese aristocrat and a fado singer. ... Fernando Maurício (b. ... Manuel de Almeida (1560—1646) was a native of Viseu, who entered at an early age into the Society of Jesus, and went out as a missionary to India. ...

Modern fado began, and had its heyday, with Amália Rodrigues. It was she who popularized fados that featured the words of great poets, such as Luís de Camões, José Régio, Pedro Homem de Mello, Alexandre O’Neill, David Mourão-Ferreira, José Carlos Ary dos Santos, João Ferreira-Rosa, Teresa Tarouca, Carlos do Carmo, Beatriz da Conceição, Maria da Fé. Amália Rodrigues Amália Rodrigues, pron. ... Monument to Luís de Camões, Lisbon Luís Vaz de Camões (pron. ... José Maria dos Reis Pereira, better known by the pen name José Regio (Vila do Conde, Portugal,September 17, 1901 — December 22, 1969 ) was a Portuguese writer which lived most of his life in Portalegre (1928 to 1967). ... David Mourão-Ferreira (1927 - 1996) was a Portuguese writer and a poet from Lisbon who licenced Filologia Românica pela Faculdade de Letras (Romantic Philology of the Faculty of Letters) in 1951 in Lisbon and in 1957 became a professor. ... José Carlos Ary dos Santos or just Ary dos Santos (December 7, 1937 - January 18, 1984) was one of the most relevant names of the Portuguese poetry of the 20th Century. ... Carlos do Carmo (born 1939) is a Portuguese fado singer, one of the finest in the Lisbon Song. He´s the son of another fado singer, Lucília do Carmo. ...

João Braga also carved out his name in the history of fado's revitalization because of the quality of the poems and the music that he performed: he interpreted poems by the authors mentioned earlier, as well as works by Fernando Pessoa, António Botto, Affonso Lopes Vieira, Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen, Miguel Torga or Manuel Alegre. Braga was also the mentor of a new generation of ‘’fadistas’’.

Along with the attention to lyrics, new instrument accompaniment and music by distinguished composers were introduced: Amália collaborated with Alain Oulman (an important contributor to the modernization of fado musical accompaniment), and others who played similar roles were Frederico de Freitas, Frederico Valério, José Fontes Rocha, Alberto Janes, and Carlos Gonçalves.

The Lisboa fado that is known throughout the world today can be (and often is) accompanied by violin, cello, or even by a complete orchestra, but the Portuguese guitar is always an essential element. There still are today great musicians, such as Armandinho, José Nunes, Jaime Santos, Raul Nery, José Fontes Rocha, Carlos Gonçalves,Custodio Castelo, Pedro Caldeira Cabral, José Luís Nobre Costa,Ricardo Parreira , Paulo Parreira and Ricardo Rocha. The cello is also central to some of the fado music, such as is the case with cello performers such as Alfredo Mendes, Martinho d'Assunção, Júlio Gomes, José Inácio, Francisco Perez Andión, o Paquito, Jaime Santos Jr., Carlos Manuel Proença, or with the greatest fado performer of bass Joel Pina. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Today many younger singers – Maria Ana Bobone, Mariza, Joana Amendoeira, Mafalda Arnauth, Ana Sofia Varela, Kátia Guerreiro, Camané, Gonçalo Salgueiro, Diamantina, Cristina Branco, Ana Moura – have added their names to those of the great fadistas, and are giving this urban song an amazing revival. Mariza, 2004 Mariza Reis Nunes (pron. ... Mafalda Arnauth, born in Lisbon, Portugal, in October of 1974, was at the time one of the latest revelations in fado. ... Camanéis widely accepted as the most impressive and representative male voice of a new generation of Fado singers. ... Diamantina is a Brazilian town in the state of Minas Gerais. ... Cristina Branco was born in 1972 in Almeirim, in the Ribatejo region, Portugal, where she still lives. ... Ana Moura (born in 1980, in Santarém, Portugal) is a Portuguese fado singer. ...

The traditional fado or ”típico” today is sung mainly for tourists in “fado houses” (casas de fado), with the traditional instrumentation. The best fado houses are found in the traditional or bairros típicos of Alfama, Mouraria, Bairro Alto and Madragoa. It maintains the characteristics of the tradition: singing past and present sorrow with bitter sadness. But fado can also tell a funny story with irony, or provide a way for two singers to battle, improvising the verses – this is called the desgarrada. Categories: Portugal geography stubs ... Bairro Alto (literally upper quarter in Portuguese) is an area of central Lisbon, Portugal. ...

Coimbra Fado

Main article: Coimbra Fado

Carlos Paredes

Fado group Verdes Anos (Coimbra)

This fado is closely linked to the academic traditions of the University of Coimbra and is exclusively sung by men; both the singers and musicians wear the academic outfit (traje académico): dark robe, cape and leggings. It is sung at night, almost in the dark, in city squares or streets. The most typical venues are the stair steps of the Santa Cruz Monastery and the Old Cathedral of Coimbra. It is also customary to organize serenades where songs are performed before the window of the woman to be courted. Cover from Guitarra Portuguesa by Carlos Paredes. ... Image File history File links Carlos_Paredes_Guitarra_Portuguesa_cover. ... Image File history File links Carlos_Paredes_Guitarra_Portuguesa_cover. ... Cover from Guitarra Portuguesa. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... The Verdes Anos fado group is a Portuguese musical group founded in 1996, known for performing and popularizing Coimbras Fado and the Portuguese guitar. ... The University of Coimbra (Portuguese: Universidade de Coimbra) is a Portuguese public university in Coimbra, Portugal. ... The Santa Cruz Monastery, (english: Holy Cross Monastery, portuguese: Mosteiro de Santa Cruz) is a National Monument in Coimbra, Portugal. ... The Old Cathedral of Coimbra (Portuguese: Sé Velha de Coimbra) is the most important Romanesque building in Portugal. ... Serenade by Judith Leyster. ...

The Coimbra fado is accompanied by either a Portuguese guitar or by a classical guitar; the tuning and sound coloring of the Portuguese guitar in Coimbra are quite different from that of Lisbon. Cover from Guitarra Portuguesa by Carlos Paredes. ... The Portuguese guitar was developed based on the English guitar, which was created in England in the late 18th century out of a Renaissance instrument called cittern. ... A classical guitar, also called a Spanish guitar, is a musical instrument from the family of musical instruments called chordophones. ...

The most sung themes: student love, love for the city and bohemia, and the ironic and critical reference to the discipline and conservative nature of the professors and their courses. Noted singers of this style are Augusto Hilário, António Menano, and Edmundo Bettencourt.

In the 1950’s, a new movement took the singers of Coimbra to adopt the ballad and folklore. They began interpreting lines of the great poets, both classical and contemporary, as a form of resistance to the Salazar dictatorship. In this movement names such as Adriano Correia de Oliveira and José Afonso (Zeca Afonso) had a leading role in the revolution taking place in popular Portuguese music. António de Oliveira Salazar, pron. ... Adriano Correia de Oliveira, or only Adriano (April 9, 1942 - May 16, 1982) was born in Avintes (near Oporto), Portugal. ... José Manuel Cerqueira Afonso dos Santos, known as Zeca Afonso José Manuel Cerqueira Afonso dos Santos, better-known as Zeca Afonso or only Zeca (August 2, 1929 - February 23, 1987) was born in Aveiro, Portugal, son of José Nepomuceno Afonso, a judge, and Maria das Dores. ...

Regarding the Portuguese guitar, Artur Paredes revolutionized the tuning and the accompaniment style to the Coimbra fado, adding his name to the most progressive and innovative singers. Artur Paredes was the father of Carlos Paredes, who followed and expanded on his work, making the Portuguese guitar an instrument known around the world. Cover from Guitarra Portuguesa. ...

Some of the most famous fados of Coimbra include: Fado Hilário, Saudades de Coimbra (“Do Choupal até à Lapa”), Balada da Despedida (“Coimbra tem mais encanto, na hora da despedida”, the first verses are more recognizable than the song title), O meu menino é d’oiro, and Samaritana.

Curiously, its not a Coimbra fado but a song which is the most known title referring to this city: Coimbra é uma lição, which had success with titles such as April in Portugal.

Fado in North America

Fado singer Ramana Vieira, San Francisco, California

Several singers of the traditional Portuguese fado have appeared in Canada and the United States. Image File history File linksMetadata Ramana_Sitting. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Ramana_Sitting. ...

One of these, Ramana Vieira, regularly performs in the San Francisco Bay Area with unique blends of musical accompaniment that may include classical guitar, bass, percussion, violin and mandolin. Ramana received her formal voice training at San Francisco's American Conservatory Theater and has been called "The New Voice of Portuguese World Music." [1]. Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...

In Canada one can look to Vancouver based Salome. The large Portuguese communities in Toronto and Montreal are also home to local fado singers that perform regularly in community events in these two cities. Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (well-being through harmony) Coordinates: , Country Province Region Montréal Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government  - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1][2][3]  - City 365. ...

References

1. Now at http://spainforvisitors.com/archive/features/fado.htm?meid=1014

1. ^ http://spainforvisitors.com/sections/fado.htm

External links

• Mariza official webpage
• :: Terreiro do Fado ::
• HM Música
• Verdes Anos - Coimbra Fado group
• Helder Moutinho
• Custodio Castelo
• Encores Fado
• Custodio Castelo
• Margarida Guerreiro
• Fado In Holland
• Inside World Music: Portuguese and Fado music
• Orfeon Académico de Coimbra
• World Music Central: Fado music
• O FADO de LISBOA
• Fado´s Article by Ana Graça and Vania Costa in Accessible Travel Magazine, September 2006
• Portal do Fado
• Poética Saudade Fado Belém
• Portuguese guitar