Fatty acids are aliphatic acids fundamental to energy production and storage, cellular structure and as intermediates in the biosynthesis of hormones and other biologically important molecules. They are synthesised by a series of decarboxylative claisen condensation reactions from Acetyl-CoA and Malonyl-CoA. Following each round of elongation the beta keto group is reduced to the fully saturated carbon chain by the action of a ketoreductase, enol reductase and dehydratase. In chemistry, especially biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid (or organic acid), often with a long aliphatic tail (long chains), either saturated or unsaturated. ... In chemistry, non-aromatic and non-cyclic (acyclic) organic compounds are called aliphatic. ... Norepinephrine A hormone (from Greek όρμή - to set in motion) is a chemical messenger from one cell (or group of cells) to another. ... The Claisen condensation is a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction that occurs between two esters or one ester and another carbonyl compound in the presence of a strong base, resulting in a β-keto ester or a β-diketone. ... Categories: Biochemistry stubs | Thiols ... -1...

The growing fatty acid chain is carried as an acyl carrier protein linked substrate, and is released by the action of a thioesterase. The acyl carrier protein is an important component in both fatty acid biosynthesis and polyketide synthases, with the growing polyketide chain bound during synthesis as a thiol ester at the distal thiol of a 4-phophopantethiene moiety. ... Thioesterases are enzymes which belong to the Esterase family. ...

There are two principal classes of fatty acid synthases.

• Type I systems utilise a single large, multifunctional polypeptide and are common to both mammals and fungi (although the structural arrangement of fungal and mamallian synthases differ).
• Type II, or bacterial systems, use discrete, monofunctional enzymes which are used iteratively to elongate and reduce the fatty acid chain.

It has been investigated as a possible oncogene.^[1] Orders Subclass Monotremata Monotremata Subclass Marsupialia Didelphimorphia Paucituberculata Microbiotheria Dasyuromorphia Peramelemorphia Notoryctemorphia Diprotodontia Subclass Placentalia Xenarthra Dermoptera Desmostylia Scandentia Primates Rodentia Lagomorpha Insectivora Chiroptera Pholidota Carnivora Perissodactyla Artiodactyla Cetacea Afrosoricida Macroscelidea Tubulidentata Hyracoidea Proboscidea Sirenia The mammals are the class of vertebrate animals primarily characterized by the presence of mammary... Divisions Chytridiomycota Zygomycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota The Fungi (singular: fungus) are a large group of organisms ranked as a kingdom within the Domain Eukaryota. ... Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria is also the fictional name of a warring nation under Benzino Napaloni as dictator, in the 1940 film The Great Dictator... An oncogene is a modified gene that increases the malignancy of a tumor cell. ...

See also

• Fatty acid synthesis

References

1. ^ Baron A, Migita T, Tang D, Loda M (2004). "Fatty acid synthase: a metabolic oncogene in prostate cancer?". J Cell Biochem 91 (1): 47-53. PMID 14689581. 

External links

• MeSH Fatty+Acid+Synthase
• http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/lipid-synthesis.html#synthesis
• http://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/fasynthesis.htm

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