Fazendas were coffee estates that spread within the interior of Brazil between 1840 and 186, which created major export commodities for Brazilian trade, but also led to intensification of slavery in Brazil. Coffee in beverage form. ...

Creation of Fazendas

Coffee beans from Brazil

In the mid 1800's, Brazil had been undergoing an economic transformation brought about by a new export crop: coffee. Coffee provided a new basis for argicultural expansion in southern Brazil. In the provinces of Rio de Janeiro and then São Paulo, coffee estates, or fazendas, began to spread toward the interior as new lands were opened. By 1840, coffee made up more than 40% of Brazil's exports, and by 1880, that figure reached 60%. Coffee in beverage form. ...

Negative Effects of the Fazendas

Along with the expansion of coffee growing came an intensification of slavery, Brazil's primary form of labor. More than 1.4 million Africans were forced to be slaves in Brazil in the last 50 years of the slave trade, and even after the trans-Atlantic slave trade ended, slavery continued. It has been suggested that Chattel slavery be merged into this article or section. ... The Atlantic slave trade was the purchase and transport of black Africans into bondage and servitude in the New World. ...

Positive effects of the Fazendas

Because of the increased profit from the trade of coffee, the years after 1850 saw considerable growth and prosperity in Brazil. Dom Pedro II proved to be an enlightened man of middle-class habits who was anxious to reign over a tranquil and progressive nation, even if that tranquility was based on slave labor. Railroads, steamships and the telegraph were added in Brazil, all paid for by the money the Fazendas supplied from their coffee crop. In growing cities such as Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, merchants, lawyers, a middle class, and an urban working class grew, once again paid for by the money coming from the Fazendas. Dom Pedro IIs family Dom Pedro II and President Ulysses S. Grant, Philadelphia Exposition, 1876 Dom Pedro II in his old age Dom Pedro II of Brazil Dom Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil was the second and final Brazilian Emperor. ... This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ... Paddle steamers - Lucerne-Switzerland Left: original paddlewheel from a paddle steamer on the lake of Lucerne. ... Telegraphy (from the Greek words tele = far away and grapho = write) is the long distance transmission of written messages without physical transport of letters, originally over wire. ...