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The femoral nerve, the largest branch of the lumbar plexus, arises from the dorsal divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves. It descends through the fibers of the Psoas major, emerging from the muscle at the lower part of its lateral border, and passes down between it and the Iliacus, behind the iliac fascia; it then runs beneath the inguinal ligament, into the thigh, and splits into an anterior and a posterior division. Under the inguinal ligament, it is separated from the femoral artery by a portion of the Psoas major. Image File history File links Gray823. ...
Grays Fig. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (500x623, 157 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Wikipedia:Grays Anatomy images with missing articles 11 Abdominal internal oblique muscle Abdominal external oblique...
The femoral sheath (crural sheath) is formed by a prolongation downward, behind the inguinal ligament, of the fasciæ which line the abdomen, the transversalis fascia being continued down in front of the femoral vessels and the iliac fascia behind them. ...
Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ...
The anterior fascial compartment of thigh contains the knee extensors and hip flexors: sartorius (the longest muscle in the human body) quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis) articularis genu. ...
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ...
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Grays Fig. ...
The formation of the spinal nerve from the dorsal and ventral roots Grays Fig. ...
The psoas major is a muscle of the human abdomen. ...
The Iliacus muscle is a muscle of the human body. ...
The iliac fascia has the following connections: laterally, to the whole length of the inner lip of the iliac crest. ...
The inguinal ligament is a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. ...
In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and buttocks and the knee. ...
The inguinal ligament is a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. ...
Femoral artery and its major branches - right thigh, anterior view. ...
The psoas major is a muscle of the human abdomen. ...
In the abdomen
Within the abdomen the femoral nerve gives off small branches to the Iliacus, and a branch which is distributed upon the upper part of the femoral artery; the latter branch may arise in the thigh. willy The Iliacus muscle is a muscle of the human body. ...
In the thigh
Anterior division In the thigh the anterior division of the femoral nerve gives off anterior cutaneous and muscular branches. - Anterior cutaneous branches: The anterior cutaneous branches comprise the following nerves: intermediate cutaneous nerve and medial cutaneous nerve.
- Muscular branches (rami musculares): The nerve to the Pectineus arises immediately below the inguinal ligament, and passes behind the femoral sheath to enter the anterior surface of the muscle; it is often duplicated. The nerve to the Sartorius arises in common with the intermediate cutaneous.
The anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve consist of the following nerves: intermediate cutaneous nerve and medial cutaneous nerve. ...
The pectineus muscle is a muscle in the inner thigh, by the femur. ...
For the muscle, see sartorius muscle. ...
Posterior division The posterior division of the femoral nerve gives off the saphenous nerve, and muscular and articular branches. - The saphenous nerve (n. saphenus; long or internal saphenous nerve) is the largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve.
- The muscular branches supply the four parts of the Quadriceps femoris.
- The branch to the Rectus femoris enters the upper part of the deep surface of the muscle, and supplies a filament to the hip-joint.
- The branch to the Vastus lateralis, of large size, accompanies the descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery to the lower part of the muscle. It gives off an articular filament to the knee-joint.
- The branch to the Vastus medialis descends lateral to the femoral vessels in company with the saphenous nerve. It enters the muscle about its middle, and gives off a filament, which can usually be traced downward, on the surface of the muscle, to the knee-joint.
- The branches to the Vastus intermedius, two or three in number, enter the anterior surface of the muscle about the middle of the thigh; a filament from one of these descends through the muscle to the Articularis genu and the knee-joint. The articular branch to the hip-joint is derived from the nerve to the Rectus femoris.
- The articular branches to the knee-joint are three in number.
- One, a long slender filament, is derived from the nerve to the Vastus lateralis; it penetrates the capsule of the joint on its anterior aspect.
- Another, derived from the nerve to the Vastus medialis, can usually be traced downward on the surface of this muscle to near the joint; it then penetrates the muscular fibers, and accompanies the articular branch of the highest genicular artery, pierces the medial side of the articular capsule, and supplies the synovial membrane.
- The third branch is derived from the nerve to the Vastus intermedius.
The Saphenous Nerve (long or internal saphenous nerve) is the largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. ...
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The Rectus femoris muscle is a muscle of the human body. ...
The Vastus lateralis muscle is a muscle of the human body. ...
The lateral femoral circumflex artery (lateral circumflex femoral artery, external circumflex artery) is an artery in the upper thigh. ...
The vastus medialis is the muscle that brings the kneecap inward, holding it in the position it should be. ...
The Saphenous Nerve (long or internal saphenous nerve) is the largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. ...
The Vastus intermedius muscle is a muscle of the human body. ...
The Articularis genu (Subcrureus) is a small muscle, usually distinct from the Vastus intermedius, but occasionally blended with it; it arises from the anterior surface of the lower part of the body of the femur, and is inserted into the upper part of the synovial membrane of the knee-joint. ...
An x-ray of a human knee Grays Fig. ...
Bones of the Hip In anatomy, the hip is the bony projection of the femur, known as the greater trochanter, and the overlying muscle and fat. ...
The Rectus femoris muscle is a muscle of the human body. ...
The Vastus lateralis muscle is a muscle of the human body. ...
The vastus medialis is the muscle that brings the kneecap inward, holding it in the position it should be. ...
The descending genicular artery (highest genicular artery) arises from the femoral just before it passes through the opening in the tendon of the Adductor magnus, and immediately divides into a saphenous and a musculo-articular branch. ...
The synovium or synovial membrane is a thin, weak layer of tissue which lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within the joint space, sealing it from the surrounding tissue. ...
The Vastus intermedius muscle is a muscle of the human body. ...
Additional images Structures surrounding right hip-joint. Image File history File links Gray344. ...
| Structures passing behind the inguinal ligament Image File history File links Gray546. ...
| The left femoral triangle. Image File history File links Gray549. ...
| The femoral artery. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (445x750, 90 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Femoral artery Wikipedia:Grays Anatomy images with missing articles 11 Femoral vein Vastus medialis Adductor longus muscle...
| The great saphenous vein and its tributaries at the fossa ovalis. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 519 × 599 pixels Full resolution (600 × 693 pixel, file size: 101 KB, MIME type: image/png) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Great saphenous vein Wikipedia:Gray...
| Plan of lumbar plexus. Image File history File links Gray822. ...
| Deep and superficial dissection of the lumbar plexus. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 511 × 599 pixels Full resolution (597 × 700 pixel, file size: 168 KB, MIME type: image/png) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Wikipedia:Grays Anatomy images...
| Cutaneous nerves of right lower extremity. Front view. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 160 × 598 pixelsFull resolution (241 × 900 pixel, file size: 21 KB, MIME type: image/png) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
| Diagram of segmental distribution of the cutaneous nerves of the right lower extremity. Front view. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (239x900, 54 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Wikipedia:Grays Anatomy images with missing articles 17 Dermatomic area Common fibular nerve Deep fibular nerve List...
| Nerves of the right lower extremity. Front view. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (380x1000, 106 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Wikipedia:Grays Anatomy images with missing articles 17 Femoral nerve List of images in Grays Anatomy: IX. Neurology Obturator nerve ...
| Diagram of the segmental distribution of the cutaneous nerves of the right lower extremity. Posterior view. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (191x800, 45 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Wikipedia:Grays Anatomy images with missing articles 17 Dermatomic area Common fibular nerve List of images in...
| Sacral plexus of the right side. Image File history File links Gray837. ...
| Posterior view of the anterior abdominal wall in its lower half. The peritoneum is in place, and the various cords are shining through. Image File history File links Gray1036. ...
| Iliac colon, sigmoid or pelvic colon, and rectum seen from the front, after removal of pubic bones and bladder. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
| Front of right thigh, showing surface markings for bones, femoral artery and femoral nerve. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
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External links This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant. GPnotebook is a British medical database for general practitioners (GPs. ...
Duke University is a private coeducational research university located in Durham, North Carolina, USA. Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present-day town of Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1892. ...
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The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City. ...
The Medical University of Vienna , formerly the faculty of medicine of the University of Vienna, became an independent university on January 1, 2004. ...
Memorial University of Newfoundland, (popularly known as Memorial University or MUN) is a comprehensive university located primarily in St. ...
The Medical University of Vienna , formerly the faculty of medicine of the University of Vienna, became an independent university on January 1, 2004. ...
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An illustration from the 1918 edition Henry Grays Anatomy of the Human Body (or Grays Anatomy as it has more commonly become known) is an anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on human anatomy. ...
| v • d • e Nerves of lower limbs and lower torso: the lumbosacral plexus | | lumbar plexus: iliohypogastric - ilioinguinal - genitofemoral (femoral branch/lumboinguinal, genital branch) - lateral cutaneous of thigh (patellar) - obturator (anterior, cutaneous, posterior, accessory) - femoral (anterior cutaneous branches, saphenous) sacral/coccygeal plexus: to quadratus femoris - to obturator internus - to the piriformis - superior gluteal - inferior gluteal - posterior cutaneous of thigh (inferior cluneal, perineal branches)
sciatic: tibial (medial sural cutaneous, sural, medial calcaneal, medial plantar, lateral plantar) - common fibular (lateral sural cutaneous, deep fibular, superficial fibular, medial dorsal cutaneous, intermediate dorsal cutaneous) Nerves (yellow) Nerves redirects here. ...
In common usage, a human leg is the lower limb of the body, extending from the hip to the ankle, and including the thigh, the knee, and the cnemis. ...
The human torso Torso is an anatomical term for the greater part of the human body without the head and limbs. ...
The anterior divisions of the lumbar nerve, sacral nerve, and coccygeal nerves form the lumbosacral plexus, the first lumbar nerve being frequently joined by a branch from the twelfth thoracic. ...
Grays Fig. ...
The Iliohypogastric Nerve arises from the first lumbar nerve. ...
The Ilioinguinal Nerve, smaller than the Iliohypogastric nerve, arises with it from the first lumbar nerve. ...
In human anatomy, the genitofemoral nerve originates from the upper part of the lumbar plexus of spinal nerves. ...
The lumboinguinal nerve (femoral or crural branch of genitofemoral) descends on the external iliac artery, sending a few filaments around it, and, passing beneath the inguinal ligament, enters the sheath of the femoral vessels, lying superficial and lateral to the femoral artery. ...
The genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve (external spermatic nerve) passes outward on the Psoas major, and pierces the fascia transversalis, or passes through the abdominal inguinal ring; it then descends behind the spermatic cord to the scrotum, supplies the Cremaster, and gives a few filaments to the skin of...
The lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (also called the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve) is a cutaneous nerve that innervates the skin on the lateral part of the thigh. ...
The terminal filaments of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve frequently communicate with the anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve, and with the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve, forming with them the patellar plexus. ...
The Obturator Nerve arises from the ventral divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves; the branch from the third is the largest, while that from the second is often very small. ...
The anterior branch of the obturator nerve leaves the pelvis in front of the Obturator externus and descends in front of the Adductor brevis, and behind the Pectineus and Adductor longus; at the lower border of the latter muscle it communicates with the anterior cutaneous and saphenous branches of the...
Occasionally the communicating branch to the anterior cutaneous and saphenous branches of the femoral is continued down, as a cutaneous branch, to the thigh and leg, as the cutaneous branch of the obturator nerve. ...
The posterior branch of the obturator nerve pierces the anterior part of the Obturator externus, and supplies this muscle; it then passes behind the Adductor brevis on the front of the Adductor magnus, where it divides into numerous muscular branches which are distributed to the Adductor magnus and the Adductor...
The Accessory Obturator Nerve is present in about 29 per cent. ...
The anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve consist of the following nerves: intermediate cutaneous nerve and medial cutaneous nerve. ...
The Saphenous Nerve (long or internal saphenous nerve) is the largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. ...
In human anatomy, the Sacral plexus refers to the nerve plexus emerging from the sacral vertebrae (S1-S4), and which provides nerves for the pelvis and lower limbs. ...
The nerve to quadratus femoris is a nerve that provides innervation to the quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior muscles. ...
The nerve to obturator internus is a nerve that innervates the obturator internus and gemellus superior muscles. ...
The nerve to piriformis is a nerve that innervates the piriformis muscle. ...
The superior gluteal nerve is a nerve that originates in the pelvis which supplies the gluteus medius, the gluteus minimus, and the tensor fasciae latae muscles. ...
The Superior Gluteal Nerve () arises from the dorsal divisions of the fourth and fifth lumbar and first sacral nerves: it leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen above the Piriformis, accompanied by the superior gluteal vessels, and divides into a superior and an inferior branch. ...
The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (also called the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve) provides innervation to the skin of the posterior surface of the thigh and leg, as well as to the skin of the perineum. ...
The inferior clunial nerves innervate the skin of the lower part of the buttocks. ...
The perineal branches of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve are distributed to the skin at the upper and medial side of the thigh. ...
This article or section may be confusing or unclear for some readers, and should be edited to rectify this. ...
The Tibial Nerve The tibial nerve passes through the popliteal fossa to pass below the arch of soleus. ...
The medial sural cutaneous nerve descends between the two heads of the Gastrocnemius, and, about the middle of the back of the leg, pierces the deep fascia, and unites with the anastomotic ramus of the common peroneal to form the sural nerve. ...
The sural nerve (short saphenous nerve), formed by the junction of the medial sural cutaneous with the peroneal anastomotic branch, passes downward near the lateral margin of the tendo calcaneus, lying close to the small saphenous vein, to the interval between the lateral malleolus and the calcaneus. ...
The medial calcaneal branches of the tibial nerve (internal calcaneal branches) perforate the laciniate ligament, and supply the skin of the heel and medial side of the sole of the foot. ...
The medial plantar nerve (internal plantar nerve), the larger of the two terminal divisions of the tibial nerve, accompanies the medial plantar artery. ...
The Lateral Plantar Nerve (external plantar nerve) supplies the skin of the fifth toe and lateral half of the fourth, as well as most of the deep muscles, its distribution being similar to that of the ulnar nerve in the hand. ...
The common peroneal nerve (common fibular nerve; external popliteal nerve; peroneal nerve), about one-half the size of the tibial nerve, is derived from the dorsal branches of the fourth and fifth lumbar and the first and second sacral nerves. ...
The lateral sural cutaneous nerve (lateral cutaneous branch) supplies the skin on the posterior and lateral surfaces of the leg. ...
The Deep fibular nerve (deep peroneal nerve) begins at the bifurcation of the common peroneal nerve, between the fibula and upper part of the Fibularis (Peronæus) longus, passes infero-medially, deep to Extensor digitorum longus, to the anterior surface of the interosseous membrane, and comes into relation with the...
The Superficial Fibular/Peroneal Nerve (musculocutaneous nerve of the leg) innervates the Peronei longus and brevis and the skin over the greater part of the dorsum of the foot. ...
The medial dorsal cutaneous nerve (internal dorsal cutaneous branch) passes in front of the ankle-joint, and divides into two dorsal digital branches, one of which supplies the medial side of the great toe, the other, the adjacent side of the second and third toes. ...
The intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve (external dorsal cutaneous branch), the smaller, passes along the lateral part of the dorsum of the foot, and divides into dorsal digital branches, which supply the contiguous sides of the third and fourth, and of the fourth and fifth toes. ...
pudendal plexus: perforating cutaneous - pudendal (dorsal of the penis/clitoris, inferior anal, perineal and posterior scrotal/labial) - anococcygeal The pudendal plexus is not sharply marked off from the sacral plexus, and as a consequence some of the branches which spring from it may arise in conjunction with those of the sacral plexus. ...
The Perforating Cutaneous Nerve usually arises from the posterior surface of the second and third sacral nerves. ...
The pudendal nerve is responsible for orgasm, urination, and defecation in both sexes. ...
The dorsal nerve of the penis is the deepest division of the pudendal nerve; it accompanies the internal pudendal artery along the ramus of the ischium; it then runs forward along the margin of the inferior ramus of the pubis, between the superior and inferior layers of the fascia of...
The dorsal nerve of the clitoris is a nerve in females that branches off the pudendal nerve to innervate the clitoris. ...
The Inferior rectal nerves (inferior anal nerves, inferior hemorrhoidal nerve) occasionally arises directly from the sacral plexus; it crosses the ischiorectal fossa, with the inferior hemorrhoidal vessels, toward the anal canal and the lower end of the rectum, and is distributed to the Sphincter ani externus and to the integument...
The perineal nerve is a nerve arising from the pudendal nerve that supplies the perineum. ...
The posterior scrotal (or labial) branches; superficial peroneal nerves) are two in number, medial and lateral. ...
Anococcygeal Nerves: The fifth sacral nerve receives a communicating filament from the fourth, and unites with the coccygeal nerve to form the coccygeal plexus. ...
cutaneous innervation of the lower limbs Foot. ...
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