(1899-1963)

Feng Zhanhai, 冯占海, or Feng Chan-hai was one of the leaders of the volunteer armies resisting the Japanese and the puppet state of Manchukuo in Manchuria. Feng was born on November 6th, 1899. At eighteen he joined the Dongbei Army, and later entered a military school graduating in 1921. After he graduated, he was successively a platoon leader, company commander, and battalion commander. At the time of the Mukden Incident and invasion of Manchuria he was a colonel commanding a regiment of the Kirin Guards Division. Manchukuo (1932 to 1945) (Simplified Chinese: 满洲国; Traditional Chinese: 滿洲國; Pinyin: MÇŽnzhōu Guó Kanji: 満州国) was a former country in Manchuria and eastern Inner Mongolia under the leadership of the Emperor Puyi, the last emperor of Qing Dynasty. ... Manchuria (Manchu: Manju; Traditional Chinese: 滿洲; Simplified Chinese: 满洲; pinyin: MÇŽnzhōu, Russian: ) is a vast territorial region in northeast Asia. ... It has been suggested that Manchuria Incident be merged into this article or section. ... Combatants National Revolutionary Army, China Imperial Japanese Army, Japan Commanders Zhang Xueliang, Ma Zhanshan, Feng Zhanhai, Ting Chao Shigeru Honjo, Jiro Tamon Strength 160,000 30,000 - 84,000 Casualties  ?  ? ...

After the Mukden Incident, he opposed the Northeast border defense headquarters surrender to the Japanese forces, and commanded his troops on September 19 to withdraw from the Jilin provincial capital, and sent his troops during October to oppose the Japanese, fighting near Binxian. It has been suggested that Manchuria Incident be merged into this article or section. ...

In at the end of January, 1932, Feng joined Ting Chao, Li Du, Xing Zhanqing, Zhao Yi to form the Jilin Self-Defense Army, and was chosen for assistant deputy commander and commanded troops in the defense of Harbin. After Gen. Ting Chao's beaten forces retired from Harbin to the northeast down the Sungari River, to join the Lower Sungari garrison of Gen. Li Du. Feng Zhanhai withdrew to the west and raised a sizeable force of 15,000 men in western Jilin provice. Combatants National Revolutionary Army, China Imperial Japanese Army, Japan Commanders Feng Zhanhai, Ting Chao Shigeru Honjo Strength 30,000  ? Casualties  ?  ? After General Ma Zhanshan had been driven from Tsitsihar by the Japanese in the Jiangqiao Campaign he had retreated northeastward with his beaten and depleted forces and had set up... Harbin on a map of China For other meanings of Harbin, see Harbin (disambiguation). ...   (Chinese: ; Pinyin: Jílín; Wade-Giles: Chi-lin; Postal System Pinyin: Kirin; Manchu: Girin ula), is a province of the Peoples Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. ...

In response the Japanese and Manchukoans launched two campaigns to clear Fengs force out of the countryside. From June to July 1932 the Feng Chan-hai Subjugation Operation cleared the districts of Shuangcheng, Acheng, Yushu, Wuchang, and Shulan of Feng's Anti Japanese forces. This resulted in forcing Feng to retreat to the west. In September 1932 during the Second Feng Chan-hai Subjugation Operation a force of 7,000 Manchukuoans cornered the now 10,000 men Volunteer force "bandits" of Feng Chan-hai retreating from the previous attack. Although surrounded, over half the guerillas were able to slip through the encirclement and make good their escape to Jehol. Acheng, (also spelled Ashi-ho, A-she-ho; Manchurian: Alchuku) is a city of Heilongjiang province, China, 125 mi. ... Yushu (Simplified Chinese: 榆树; Traditional Chinese:; pinyin: Yúshù; Wade-Giles: ) is the town of Jilin province in northeastern China. ... Wuchang (Chinese: 武昌; pinyin: Wǔchāng) is one of the three towns, together with Hankou and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province, in China. ... Rehe (热河 or 熱河 pinyin: Rèhé, lit. ...

Later Feng's force joined in opposing the invasion of Jehol, and was forced to draw back into the area inside the Great Wall. Subsequently he participated in Feng Yuxiang's Anti Japanese Allied Army, against Japan and their Mongol allied forces in Chahar, as its Fourth Route Army commander in chief. Following the dispersal of that force by Chiang Kai-shek, his force was formed into the 91st Divison which Feng commanded until July 1938 when the Division suffered heavy casualties during the battle of Wuhan. He later left the army, went to Hongkong to engage in business. In 1949 he returned to China assuming directorship of the Jilin Provincial Sports Committee. He also served in various goverment offices. Feng died on September 14, 1963.

See also

• Pacification of Manchukuo

External links

• Feng Zhanhai
• Feng Zhanhai