NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Feodosiya

Coordinates: 45°2′56″N, 35°22′45″E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Feodosiya (Ukrainian: Феодосія, Russian: Феодосия, Crimean Tatar: Kefe) is a port and resort city in Crimea, Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast. The name is often spelled as Feodosia and sometimes as Theodosia (according to transliteration from Greek: Θεοδoσία). Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Subnational entity is a generic term for an administrative region within a country — on an arbitrary level below that of the sovereign state — typically with a local government encompassing multiple municipalities, counties, or provinces with a certain degree of autonomy in a varying number of matters. ... Theodosia city municipality (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ), officially the territory governed by the Theodosia city council, is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum. ... Postal codes are generally clearly visible outside local Australian post offices. ... // Proposed Country Code: 3 In 1996, the European Commission proposed the introduction of a single telephone numbering plan, in which all European Union member states would use the code 3. Calls between member states would no longer require the use of the international access code 00. This proposal would have... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries not observing daylight saving Eastern European Time (EET) is one of the names of UTC+2 time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... . ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Red_pog. ... Crimean Tatar language (QÄ±rÄ±mtatar tili, QÄ±rÄ±mtatarca), also known as Crimean (QÄ±rÄ±m tili, QÄ±rÄ±mca) and Crimean Turkish (QÄ±rÄ±m TÃ¼rkÃ§esi) is the language of the Crimean Tatars. ... Seaport, a painting by Claude Lorrain, 1638 The Port of Wellington at night. ... Resorts combine a hotel and a variety of recreations, such as swimming pools. ... Motto: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ñ†Ð²ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð² ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÑ‚Ð²Ðµ - Prosperity in unity Anthem: ÐÐ¸Ð²Ñ‹ Ð¸ Ð³Ð¾Ñ€Ñ‹ Ñ‚Ð²Ð¾Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑˆÐµÐ±Ð½Ñ‹, Ð Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð° - Your fields and mounts are wonderful, Motherland Location of Crimea (red) on the map of Ukraine. ... NASA satellite image of the Black Sea Map of the Black Sea The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Anatolia that is actually a distant arm of the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Mediterranean Sea. ...

History

The city was founded under the name of Theodosia (Θεοδοσία) by Greek colonists from Miletos in the 6th century BC. (See also List of traditional Greek place names.) Noted for its rich agricultural lands, on which its trade depended, it was destroyed by the Huns in the 4th century AD. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1301x818, 324 KB) Map showing Ancient Greek colonies on the northern coast of the Black Sea. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1301x818, 324 KB) Map showing Ancient Greek colonies on the northern coast of the Black Sea. ... â€œEra Vulgarisâ€ redirects here. ... In Greek mythology, Miletus was the founder of the city described below. ... (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) The 6th century BC started on January 1, 600 BC and ended on December 31, 501 BC. // Monument 1, an Olmec colossal head at La Venta The 5th and 6th centuries BC were a time of empires, but more importantly, a time... This is a list of traditional Greek place names. ... For other uses, see Hun (disambiguation). ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 4th century was that century which lasted from 301 to 400. ...

Theodosia remained a minor village for much of the next nine hundred years. It was at various times part of the sphere of influence of the Khazars (excavations have revealed Khazar artifacts dating back to the ninth century) and of the Byzantine Empire. A sphere of influence (SOI) is an area or region over which an organization or state exerts some kind of indirect cultural, economic, military or political domination. ... The Khazars (Hebrew Kuzari ×›×•×–×¨×™ Kuzarim ×›×•×–×¨×™×; Turkish Hazar Hazarlar; Russian Ð¥Ð°Ð·Ð°Ñ€Ð¸Ð½ Ð¥Ð°Ð·Ð°Ñ€Ñ‹; Tatar sing XÃ¤zÃ¤r XÃ¤zÃ¤rlÃ¤r; Crimean Tatar: ; Greek Î§Î±Î¶Î¬ÏÎ¿Î¹/Î§Î¬Î¶Î±ÏÎ¿Î¹; PersianØ®Ø²Ø± khazar; Latin Gazari or Cosri) were a semi-nomadic Turkic people from Central Asia, many of whom converted to Judaism. ... It has been suggested that Eastern Roman Empire be merged into this article or section. ...

Like the rest of Crimea, it fell under the domination of the Kipchaks and was conquered by the Mongols in the 1230s. Motto: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ñ†Ð²ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð² ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÑ‚Ð²Ðµ - Prosperity in unity Anthem: ÐÐ¸Ð²Ñ‹ Ð¸ Ð³Ð¾Ñ€Ñ‹ Ñ‚Ð²Ð¾Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑˆÐµÐ±Ð½Ñ‹, Ð Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð° - Your fields and mounts are wonderful, Motherland Location of Crimea (red) on the map of Ukraine. ... Map of Asia and Europe circa 1200 C.E. Kipchaks (also spelled as Kypchaks, Qipchaqs, Qypchaqs) (Crimean Tatar: , Karachay-Balkar: ÐšÑŠÑ‹Ð¿Ñ‡Ð°ÐºÑŠ, Uzbek: , Kazakh: ÒšÑ‹Ð¿ÑˆÐ°Ò›, Kumyk: ÐšÑŠÑ‹Ð¿Ñ‡Ð°ÐºÑŠ, Kyrgyz: ÐšÑ‹Ð¿Ñ‡Ð°Ðº, Nogai: ÐšÑ‹Ð¿Ñ‡Ð°Ðº, Chinese: æ¬½å¯Ÿ/é’¦å¯Ÿ, QÄ«nchÃ¡, Turkish: KÄ±pÃ§ak) were an ancient Turkic people, first mentioned in the historical chronicles of Central Asia in the 1st millennium... The name Mongols (Mongolian: Mongol) specifies one or several ethnic groups. ...

Caffa

In 1204 - 1261 and 1296 - 1307 Kaffa was temporarily under Genoa's rival doge state's -Venetian- rule.

In the late 13th century, traders from Genoa arrived and purchased the town from the ruling Golden Horde. They established a flourishing trading settlement called Caffa (or Kaffa), which virtually monopolised trade in the Black Sea area and served as the chief port and administrative centre for the Genoese settlements around the Sea. It came to house one of Europe's biggest slave markets. (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... Genoa (Genova [] in Italian - Zena [] in Genoese) is a city and a seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. ... The four successor Khanates of the Mongol Empire: Empire of the Great Khan (Yuan Dynasty), Golden Horde, Il-Khanate and Chagatai Khanate The Golden Horde (Mongolian: Altan Ordyn Uls; Turkish: ; Tatar: ; Russian: ) was a Mongol[1][2][3][4] â€” later Turkicized[3] â€” khanate established in parts of present-day Russia... Wiktionary has related dictionary definitions, such as: slave Slave may refer to: Slavery, where people are owned by others, and live to serve their owners without pay Slave (BDSM), a form of sexual and consenual submission Slave clock, in technology, a clock or timer that synchrnonizes to a master clock...

Under Genoa since 1266, it was governed by a Genoese consul, who since 1316 was in charge of all of all Genoese Black Sea colonies For the uses of Consul as Chief Magistrate of a (city) state, see Consul. ...

It is believed that the devastating pandemic the Black Death entered Europe for the first time via Caffa in 1347, through the movements of the Golden Horde. After a protracted siege during which the Mongol army under Janibeg was reportedly withering from the disease, they catapulted the infected corpses over the city walls, infecting the inhabitants. The Genoese traders fled transferring the plague via their ships into the south of Europe, from whence it rapidly spread. A pandemic (from Greek Ï€Î±Î½ pan all + Î´Î®Î¼Î¿Ï‚ demos people) is an epidemic (an outbreak of an infectious disease) that spreads across a large region (example a continent), or even worldwide. ... It has been suggested that Plague doctor be merged into this article or section. ... Little is known about Janibeg other than that he was a Mongol commander of a massive Crimean Tatar force that attacked the Crimean port city of Kaffa in 1343. ...

Kefe

Because the Genoese started intervening in the internal affairs of the Crimean Khanate, a Turkish vassal, the Ottoman commander Gedik Ahmet Pasha seized the city in 1475. Renamed Kefe, it became one of the most important Turkish ports on the Black Sea. Flag Crimean Khanate in 1600 Capital Bakhchisaray Government Monarchy History - Established 1441 - Annexed to Russia 1783 The Crimean Khanate or the Khanate of Crimea (Crimean Tatar: ; Russian: - Krymskoye khanstvo; Ukrainian: - Krymske khanstvo; Turkish: ) was a Crimean Tatar state from 1441 to 1783. ... Motto Ø¯ÙˆÙ„Øª Ø§Ø¨Ø¯ Ù…Ø¯Øª Devlet-i Ebed-mÃ¼ddet (The Eternal State) Anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital SÃ¶ÄŸÃ¼t (1299â€“1326) Bursa (1326â€“65) Edirne (1365â€“1453) Constantinople (Ä°stanbul, 1453â€“1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy Sultans - 1281â€“1326 Osman I - 1918â€“22 Mehmed VI... Gedik Ahmet Pasha was a successful Ottoman army commander, admiral and state man during the reign of Ottoman Sultans Mehmed the Conqueror (March 30, 1432 â€“ May 3, 1481) and Beyazid II (1447-1512). ... 5<sup>Superscript text</sup>7<blockquote> Block quote </blockquote>{| class=class=wikitable |- ! header 1 ! header 2 ! header 3 |-{| class=wikitable |- ! header 1 ! header 2 ! header 3{| class=wikitable |- ! header 1 ! header 2 ! header 3 |- | row 1, cell 1 | row 1, cell 2 | row 1, cell 3 |- | row 2...

Later

Ottoman control ceased when the expanding Russian Empire conquered the whole Crimea in 1783. It was renamed Feodosiya (Феодосия) in 1802, a Russian version of the ancient Greek name. Anthem God Save the Tsar! The Russian Empire in 1914 Capital Moscow Language(s) Russian Religion Russian Orthodoxy Government Monarchy Emperor - 1721â€“1725 Peter the Great - 1894â€“1917 Nicholas II History - Accession of Peter I May 7, 1682 NS, April 27, 1682 OSÂ² - Empire proclaimed October 22, 1721 NS, October... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... --69. ...

The city was captured twice by the forces of Nazi Germany during World War II, sustaining significant damage in the process. Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

In 1954, it was transferred to the administrative control of the Ukrainian SSR with the rest of Crimea. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 449 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (479 Ã— 640 pixel, file size: 62 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Genoese fortress in Theodosia, Crimea. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 449 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (479 Ã— 640 pixel, file size: 62 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Genoese fortress in Theodosia, Crimea. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... State motto: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ñ– Ð²ÑÑ–Ñ… ÐºÑ€Ð°Ñ—Ð½, Ñ”Ð´Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑ! Official language None. ...

The city today

Modern Feodosiya is a popular resort city with a population of about 85,000 people. It has beaches, mineral springs, and mud baths, and is renowned for its many sanatoria and rest homes. Apart from tourism, its economy rests on agriculture and fisheries, with local industries including fishing, brewing and canning. As is the case in much of the rest of the Crimea, most of its population is ethnically Russian and the Ukrainian language is relatively little used there. In June 2006, Feodosiya made the news in connection with the Crimean anti-NATO protests of 2006. Fishing is the activity of hunting for fish by hooking, trapping, or gathering. ... A 16th century brewer A 21st century brewer This article concerns the production of alcoholic beverages. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Ukrainian (ÑƒÐºÑ€Ð°Ñ—ÌÐ½ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¼Ð¾ÌÐ²Ð°, ukrayinska mova, ) is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...

Miscellanea

Feodosiya is known as the city where the seascape painter Ivan Aivazovsky lived and worked all his life. Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky (Russian: , Armenian: - Hovhannes Aivazovsky July 29, 1817 - May 5, 1900) was a Russian painter of Armenian descent, most famous for his seascapes, which constitute more than half of his paintings. ...

It is also the town where the general Pyotr Kotlyarevsky and the writer Alexander Grin spent the declining years of their lives. Pyotr Stepanovich Kotlyarevsky (1782-1852) was a Ukrainian military hero in the Russian imperial service. ... Alexander Grin Alexander Grin (Russian: , born August 23, 1880, died July 7, 1932) was a Russian writer, notable for his romantic novels and short stories, mostly set in an unnamed fantasy land with a European or Latin American flavor (Grins fans often refer to this land as Grinlandia). ...

The town is well known as a birth place of the Russian Aviation, mountain "planernaya" is still being used for para-gliding.

Since 2005 it is the only city in Ukraine to produce Belamorkanal papirosi after the kiev factory closed down.

Sources and references

Categories: Cities and towns in Crimea | Administrative divisions of Crimea | Ancient Greek cities | Pontic Greeks | 6th century BC establishments | Cities in Ukraine | Bosporan Kingdom | Khazar towns | Milesian colonies in Crimea | Greek colonies in Crimea Colonies in antiquity were city-states founded from a mother-city, not from a territory-at-large. ... Photo of Panticapaeum Ruins. ... Tyras, a colony of Miletus, probably founded about 600 BC, situated some 10 m. ... Olbia, Ukraine is the site of Pontic Olbia in the Crimea, a colony founded from Miletus on the shores of the Bugh estuary, which lasted for a thousand years. ... Berezan is an island in the Black Sea at the entrance of the Dnieper-Bug estuary, Ukraine. ... Also Eupatoria or Evpatoria; town in the Crimea. ... The remains of the city of Chersonesos Chersonesos (Greek: , Latin: , Ukrainian: , Russian: ; see also List of traditional Greek place names) also known as Chersonese, Chersonesos, Cherson, Khersones and Korsun was an ancient Greek colony founded approximately 2500 years ago in the southwestern part of Crimea, known then as Taurica. ... Charax is the largest Roman military settlement excavated in the Crimea. ... Theodosia (Russian: Ð¤ÐµÐ¾Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ñ; Ukrainian: Ð¤ÐµÐ¾Ð´Ð¾ÑÑ–Ñ; Greek: Î˜ÎµÎ¿Î´Ï‰ÏƒÎ¯Î±; Crimean Tatar/Turkish: Kefe) is a port and resort city in southern Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimea at coordinates 45. ... Kimmerikon and other Ancient Greek colonies along the north coast of the Black Sea. ... An image of a ship on the wall of a temple in Nymphaeum (3rd century BC). ... TyritÃ¡ke (Greek: ) was an ancient Greek town of the Bosporan Kingdom, situated in the eastern part of Crimea, immediately to the south from Panticapaeum. ... Panticapaeum and other ancient Greek colonies along the north coast of the Black Sea. ... MyrmÄ“kion (Greek: , Russian: ) was an ancient Greek colony in the Crimea, situated on the shore of the Cimmerian Bosporus, 4 kilometers to the north of Panticapaeum, the capital of the Bosporan Kingdom. ... Kepoi or Cepoi (Russian: ÐšÐµÐ¿Ñ‹) was an ancient Greek colony situated on the Taman peninsula, three kilometres to the east of Phanagoria, in the present-day Krasnodar Krai of Russia. ... Phanagoria was an ancient Greek colony on the Taman peninsula between the Black Sea and the Azov, roughly on the site of modern Tmutarakan. ... Tmutarakan is an ancient city that controlled the passage from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov. ... Anapa (Russian: ) is a seaport town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. ... Pitsunda (Georgian: Bichvinta) is a resort town in Abkhazia, situated on the shore of the Black Sea 25 km south from Gagra. ... Destroyed shop in Sukhumi Sukhumi (Georgian: , Sokhumi; Abkhaz: , Aqwa; Russian: , Sukhumi) is the capital of Abkhazia, a de facto independent republic, which is internationally recognized as being an autonomous republic within Georgia. ... Sarmatian cataphract from Tanais. ...

Contents

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