Ferhat-Pasha "Ferhadija" Mosque

Ferhat-Pasha Mosque or more widely known as Ferhadija Mosque was a central building of the city of Banja Luka and one of the most successful achievements of the Islamic architecture of the 16th century Bosnia and Herzegovina. The mosque was built in 1579 in a classical Ottoman style by an unknown architect, an apprentice of Mimar Sinan. It was commissioned by the Bosnian Sanjak-Bey Ferhat-paša Sokolović. The Ferhadija mosque complex also included three small adjacent mausoleums carrying tombs of Ferhat-paša Sokolović, his granddaughter Safi-kaduna and his ensign, a central fountain called Shaderwan, Stone and wrought iron fence with the small fountain on the corner, and an old graveyard in the back. A later addition to the complex was a near-by clock tower Sahat-Kula. Built in a modest scale as it was common for structures of this type in Bosnia and Herzegovina the mosque was 18 meters (59 ft.) in width and 14 meters (46 ft.) in length while the main dome was 18 meters (59 ft.) high. The minaret was 43 m (141 ft.) high. Ferhadija was listed as a cultural heritage of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1950 and was subsequently listed with UNESCO as the world cultural monument. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Banja Luka (Cyrillic: Бања Лука) is the second largest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and is also the capital of the Republika Srpska entity, as well as a major center of the region known as Bosanska Krajina. ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (the Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Bursa (1335 - 1365), Edirne (1365-1453), Ä°stanbul (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million... Sinan should no be confused with Sinan Pasha. ... This page is about districts of the Ottoman Empire; for a region in Serbia and Montenegro, see Sandžak. ... Bey is the Turkish word for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups. ... Ferhat-paÅ¡a Sokolović was one of the founding fathers of Banja Luka. ... Minarets (Arabic manara منارة, but more usually مئذنة, and Urdu minra pl. ... UNESCO logo The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, commonly known as UNESCO, is a specialized agency of the United Nations system established in 1945. ...

Destruction

The mosque was partially demolished by explosives on May 7, 1993. and subsequently razed to the ground. The first bombing of the mosque was carried out by Serb extreme nationalists at the time believed to be supported by the authorities of Republika Srpska as part of ethnic cleansing campaign. The subsequent demolition was organized by the authorities of the Republika Srpska which included the demolition of the entire Ferhadija complex. The remains were taken to the city dump while some stone pieces and ornamental details were crushed and used as a landfill. The leveled site was later used as a parking lot. Several weeks after the destruction of Ferhadija a near-by clock tower Sahat-Kula was also destroyed. Ferhadija mosque was one of the 16 mosques destroyed in the city of Banja Luka during the Bosnian War in 1992-1995. Serbs (in the Serbian language Срби, Srbi) are a south Slavic people living chiefly in Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Official language Serbian, Bosnian and Croatian Official script Cyrillic alphabet, Latin alphabet Capital de jure Sarajevo de facto Banja Luka Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % water  24,811 km²  n/a Population  â€“ Total (2005)  â€“ Density  1,411,000  60/km² Ethnic groups (2005 est. ... Media:Example. ... Bosnian War (also: War in Bosnia and Herzegovina) is a common name for an international conflict that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina from April 6, 1992 to September 14, 1995. ...

Ferhadija Mosque shortly after destruction in 1993

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Reconstruction

A building permit was granted in 2001 to the Islamic Community of Banja Luka (Islamska Zajednica Banjaluke) to reconstruct the mosque. However, recent attempts to reconstruct the Ferhadija mosque resulted in mass riots by Serb nationalists on May 7, 2001. Some 4,000 Serb rioters stoned a group of three hundred Bosniaks, participants of the ceremony comemorating the laying of the cornerstone for the reconstruction, at least eight of whom were taken to the Banja Luka hospital for medical treatment. One of the Bosniaks died on May 26, 2001 of head injuries. The ceremony of placing the cornerstone was completed few days later in secrecy and under a heavy security. Although some of the mosques destroyed in Banja Luka in the period of the Bosnian War were reconstructed since 2001, the reconstruction process of the Ferhadija mosque is still a very contentious issue in Banja Luka due to its prominent location in the city. Its reconstruction is further delayed due to the unresolved complexities of its authentic reconstruction. Preliminary studies for its authenthic reconstruction have been prepared by the School of Architecture - Design and Research Center in Sarajevo. The reconstruction cost is estimated to be about 12 million KM (around $8 million). The site and remains of the architectural ensemble of the Ferhadija mosque is today listed as a National Monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Bosniaks (Bosnian: Bošnjaci) are a south Slavic people living chiefly in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Sandžak region of Serbia and Montenegro. ... Downtown Sarajevo and the Miljacka river. ...

See also

• Timeline of Islamic history
• Islamic architecture
• Islamic art
• List of mosques
• Bosnian architecture

There is much more to Muslim history than military and political history; this particular chronology is almost entirely of military and political history. ... This is a sub-article to Islamic studies and architecture. ... Islamic tilework of the Shrine of Hadhrat Masoumah, first built in the late 8th century. ... List of most important mosques throughout the world: // Asia Bangladesh Baitul Mukarram High Court Mosque Tara Mosque Sixty Pillar Mosque Binat Bibi mosque Baitul Mukarram in Dhaka, Bangladesh China Xian Great Mosque in Xian Peoples Republic of China Id Kah Mosque in Kashgar Niujie Mosque in Beijing Kowloon Masjid... Architecture in Bosnia and Herzegovina is largely influenced by 4 major periods where political and social changes influenced the creation of distinct cultural and architectural habits of the population. ...

External link

• "Principles and Methodological Procedure for Reconsolidation of Ferhat-Pasha Mosque in Banja Luka"- School of Architecture - Design and Research Center, Sarajevo
• Ferhadija case
• HRW report on ethnic cleansing in Banja Luka
• HRW report on riots
• Images from the riot
• Bosnia and Herzegovina Commission to Preserve National Monuments - Ferhadija