In physics, Fermi's interaction is an old explanation of the weak force, proposed by Enrico Fermi. Four fermions directly interact with one another. For example, this interaction is directly able to split a neutron (or a down-quark) to an electron, antineutrino and a proton (or an up-quark). The willingness to question previously held truths and search for new answers resulted in a period of major scientific advancements, now known as the Scientific Revolution. ... The weak nuclear force or weak interaction is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. ... Enrico Fermi (September 29, 1901 – November 28, 1954) was an Italian physicist most noted for his work on beta decay, the development of the first nuclear reactor, and for the development of quantum theory. ... Properties In physics, the neutron is a subatomic particle with no net electric charge and a mass of 939. ... 1974 discovery photograph of a possible charmed baryon, now identified as the Σc++ In particle physics, the quarks are subatomic particles thought to be elemental and indivisible. ... Properties The electron (sometimes called negatron; commonly represented as e−) is a subatomic particle. ... The neutrino is an elementary particle. ... Properties In physics, the proton (Greek proton = first) is a subatomic particle with an electric charge of one positive fundamental unit (1. ...

Tree Feynman diagrams describe the interaction remarkably well. Unfortunately, loop diagrams cannot be calculated reliably because Fermi's interaction is not renormalizable. The solution is to replace the four-fermion contact interaction by a more complete theory - an exchange of a W boson or a Z boson as explained in the electroweak theory. The electroweak theory is renormalizable. The term tree diagram is used in different ways in different disciplines. ... A Feynman diagram is a bookkeeping device for performing calculations in quantum field theory, invented by American physicist Richard Feynman. ... In physics, the adjective renormalizable refers to a theory (usually a quantum field theory) in which all ultraviolet divergences, infinities and other seemingly meaningless results can be cured by the process of renormalization. ... In physics, the W and Z bosons are the elementary particles that mediate the weak nuclear force. ... In physics, the W and Z bosons are the elementary particles that mediate the weak nuclear force. ... In physics, the electroweak theory presents a unified description of two of the four fundamental forces of nature: electromagnetism and the weak nuclear force. ...

Before the electroweak theory and the Standard Model were constructed, Richard Feynman and Murray Gell-Mann were able to determine the correct tensor structure (vector minus axial vector, V-A) of the four-fermion interaction. In physics, the electroweak theory presents a unified description of two of the four fundamental forces of nature: electromagnetism and the weak nuclear force. ... The Standard Model of Fundamental Particles and Interactions The Standard Model of particle physics is a theory which describes the strong, weak, and electromagnetic fundamental forces, as well as the fundamental particles that make up all matter. ... Richard Phillips Feynman (May 11, 1918–February 15, 1988) (surname pronounced FINE-man; in IPA) was one of the most influential American physicists of the 20th century, expanding greatly the theory of quantum electrodynamics. ... Murray Gell-Mann at Harvard University Murray Gell-Mann (born September 15, 1929) is an American physicist who received the 1969 Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the theory of elementary particles. ... The word vector means carrier in Latin; it is derived from the Latin verb vehere, which means to carry. ... In physics and mathematics, a pseudovector (or axial vector) is a quantity that transforms like a vector under a proper rotation, but gains an additional sign flip under an improper rotation (a transformation that can be expressed as an inversion followed by a proper rotation). ...

See four-fermi interaction In quantum field theory, fermions are described by anticommuting spinor fields. ...