Ferrari 312 is the name of several different Ferrari race cars which have 3 litre 12-cylinder engines, both in V12 and 180° flat boxer shape. The current Ferrari logo Ferrari is an Italian manufacturer of high-end race cars and high-performance sports cars formed by Enzo Ferrari in 1929. ...

Mainly, these are their 1966 to 1980 Formula One cars, and also their 1969 to 1973 sports prototypes of the Ferrari P series, using modified engines. Formula One - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Although Enzo Ferrari resisted the move even with Cooper dominating F1, Ferrari began producing mid-engined racing cars in 1960 with the Formula 2 156, which would be turned into the Formula 1-winner of 1961. ...

F1 cars

1966-1969 F1 312

For the 1966 F1 season, the rules were changed, no allowing 3000 cc engines. The F1 teams were more or less surprised and not well prepared.

Ferrari's first 1966 car consisted of a 3.3-liter V12 that was taken from Ferrari 250LM sportscar prototypes, modified to 3000cc, and mounted in the back of an F1 chassis. The engine was rather heavy, and due to the reduced capacity, lower on power and especially torque. John Surtees drove this contraption unsuccessfully in Monaco while Lorenzo Bandini drove a Ferrari Dino 2.5-liter V6. Surtees won the second race, the 1966 Belgian Grand Prix, but departed after a row with manager Eugenio Dragoni. Surtees was replaced by Mike Parkes, and went on to finish second in the championship with a further win, for Cooper-Maserati. Ludovico Scarfiotti also won a race, the 1966 Italian Grand Prix at Monza which helped Ferrari come second in the Constructors Championship. Although Enzo Ferrari resisted the move even with Cooper dominating F1, Ferrari began producing mid-engined racing cars in 1960 with the Formula 2 156, which would be turned into the Formula 1-winner of 1961. ... John Surtees (Ferrari) at the British Grand Prix 1964 John Surtees (born February 11, 1934) is a British racing driver, and the only one to have become World Champion on both two and four wheels. ... Lorenzo Bandini (born 21 December 1935 in Cyrenaica, Libya; died 10 May 1967) was an Italian Formula One driver who raced for the Scuderia Centro Sud and Ferrari teams. ... The Dino by Ferrari (also called the 206, 246, and 308GT4) was a mid-engined, rear-drive sports car produced from 1968 to 1973. ... Results from the 1966 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on June 12, 1966 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: John Surtees 418. ... Mike Parkes was a Formula One driver from Britain. ... Jack Brabhams 1961 Cooper-Climax, the car that began the rear-engine revolution at the Indianapolis 500 The Cooper Car Company was founded in 1947 by Charles Cooper and his son John Cooper. ... Ludovico Scarfiotti (born in Turin, Italy, October 18, 1933 - dead in Rossfeld, Germany, June 8, 1968) was a Formula One driver from Italy. ... Results from the 1966 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 4, 1966 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ludovico Scarfiotti 132. ...

In 1967, the team fired Dragoni and replaced him with Franco Lini. Chris Amon partnered Bandini to drive a somewhat improved version of the 1966 V12 car. At the 1967 Monaco Grand Prix Bandini crashed and suffered heavy injuries when he was trapped under his burning car; several days later he succumbed to his injuries. Ferrari re-hired Mike Parkes, but Parkes suffered career-ending injuries weeks later at the 1967 Belgian Grand Prix. No GP win and only 5th in the Constructors Championship. Chris Amon (born 20 July 1943) was a New Zealand Grand Prix driver of the 1960s and 1970s, widely accepted to be one of the best drivers never to win a F1 Grand Prix. ... Results from the 1967 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 7, 1967 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Jim Clark 129. ... Results from the 1967 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on June 18, 1967 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Dan Gurney 331. ...

The 1968 season was little better. Young talent Jacky Ickx drove with few success, but won the wet 1968 French Grand Prix with his driving skills. Things became more complicated during the season by the introduction of aerodynamic aids into F1, and their quick development. At the end of the season the Scuderia was only 4th in the Constructors Championship, and there was also no success in sportscar racing as Ferrari did not take part tehre in 1968. Manager Franco Lini quit, and Ickx also, moving to Brabham. During the summer of 1968, Ferrari worked out a deal to sell his road car business to Fiat for $11 million; the transaction took place in early 1969, leaving 50% of the business still under the control of Ferrari himself. Jacques Bernard (Jacky) Ickx, (born January 1, 1945 in Brussels) is a Belgian racing driver known for his success in Formula One and his six wins in the 24 hours of Le Mans. ... Results from the 1968 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Rouen-Les-Essarts on July 7, 1968. ... The present Fiat logo The old Fiat logo, still commonly seen, used from 1969 to 1999 Fiat S.p. ...

During 1969 Enzo Ferrari set about wisely spending his newfound wealth to revive his struggling team; though Ferrari did compete in Formula One in 1969, it was something of a throwaway season while the team was restructured, again without a GP win and only 5th in the Constructors Championship. Amon continued to drive an older model and Pedro Rodriguez replaced Ickx; at the end of the year Amon left the team. Pedro Rodriguez may refer to various people: Pedro Rodriguez (soldier), Puerto Rican Korean War hero who won two Silver Star Medals. ...

1970-1974 F1 312B series

The early 1970s saw the return of success to the Scuderia, starting with a new engine, the "Boxer", actually a flat 180° V12, in the new Ferrari 312B. Jacky Icky returned and won 3 GPs, while the emotional 1970 Italian Grand Prix was won by Clay Regazzoni after the death of Jochen Rindt. Icky coudl not pass Rindt fo rteh drivers titel anymore, but Ferrari won the Constructors Championship ahead of Lotus. Results from the 1970 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 6, 1970 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Clay Regazzoni 125. ... Clay Regazzoni (born Gianclaudio Regazzoni on September 5, 1939 in Lugano, Switzerland) was a Swiss Formula One racing car driver, but having been raised in Switzerlands predominantly Italian-speaking area bordering Italy, he was practically an Italian, which was a point of great pride during his years with Ferrari... Jochen Rindt Karl Jochen Rindt (April 18, 1942 - September 5, 1970) was a racing driver. ...

1971 started with a win by Italian-born Mario Andretti plus another GP win by Ickx, and Ferrari came second in the Constructors Championship. Mario Andretti portrayed on the cover of Esquire Mario Gabriele Andretti (born February 28, 1940) is an American racing driver, arguably the most successful US citizen in auto racing. ...

In 1972, Ferrari could not keep up with the progress of the competition, dropping to 4th. Ickx won the 1972 German Grand Prix due to his skills at the Nürburgring, but it was also his last. Results from the 1972 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Nürburgring on July 30, 1972 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Jacky Ickx 713. ... The Nürburgring (alternative spelling: Nuerburgring), known as simply the Ring by enthusiasts, is the name of a famous road racing circuit for autos or motorcycles in Germany, of which there are several configurations. ...

In 1973, the Ferrari 312B3 was no longer competitive, and Ickx only managed one 4th place during the opening GP of the season. While being successful with the sports cars, which were driven to several wins by Ickx himself, the F1 program of the Italians was outclassed, and they even had to skip some F1 races, notably the Nürburgring. This was not acceptable to Ickx, who left the team halfway through the season. Instead, he raced the German GP at the Nürburgring in a McLaren, and scored 3rd place behind the Tyrells of Stewart and Cevert.

After being impressed with their driving at BRM in 1973, Ferrari signed Niki Lauda and Clay Regazzoni for 1974. British Racing Motors (generally known as BRM) was a British Formula 1 motor racing team. ... Andreas Nikolaus Niki Lauda (born February 22, 1949) is an Austrian racing driver. ... Clay Regazzoni (born Gianclaudio Regazzoni on September 5, 1939 in Lugano, Switzerland) was a Swiss Formula One racing car driver, but having been raised in Switzerlands predominantly Italian-speaking area bordering Italy, he was practically an Italian, which was a point of great pride during his years with Ferrari...

1975-1980 F1 312T series

With the new Ferrari 312T designed by Mauro Forghieri, Lauda won the the drivers championship easily in 1975. The next year Lauda was also on course to win the title for Ferrari until his fiery crash at the 1976 German Grand Prix. With Carlos Reutemann a replacement was signed quickly but Lauda returned unexpectedly soon at Monza, forcing the team to enter three cars. Lauda took both titles again for Ferrari in 1977, but the confidence between driver and team was broken. Results from the 1976 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Nürburgring on August 1, 1976 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Jody Scheckter 710. ... Carlos Reutemann in 1980, near the end of his racing career Carlos Alberto Reutemann (b. ...

In 1978, Carlos Reutemann won 4 GP and Gilles Villeneuve his home 1978 Canadian Grand Prix, but Ferrari was only 3rd in the Constructors Championship. Also, Lotus had introduced the "wing car", a concept for which the wide Ferrari engine was not suited, unlike the V8 or Cosworth. Gilles Villeneuve Joseph Gilles Henri Villeneuve (January 18, 1950 – May 8, 1982) was a world-renowned Formula One racing driver. ... Results from the 1978 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on October 8, 1978 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alan Jones 138. ...

In the 1979, quick progress was made in aerodynamics, first by Ligier, then by Ferrari with the 312T4, then by Williams. At the end of the season, new pilot Jody Scheckter secured both titles for the Scuderia, with Gilles also taking 3 GPs and vice championship. This was to be Ferraris best F1 season for 2 decades, though. Jody David Scheckter (born January 29, 1950) is a former auto racing driver, the 1979 Formula One World Drivers Champion. ...

The 1980 season saw further aerodynamic progress by Ford-V8-Teams. Scheckter took the pole early in the season in South Africa, but the World Champion failed to qualify later in the year in Canada. After only managing 2 points, Scheckter retired from the team and the sport. Ferrari was totally outclassed as their wide 312 "Boxer" engine did not suit the aerodynamic needs.

For the 1981 season, a new, turbocharged 1500cc V6 was developed, named 156. The 312 designation was never used again, as later normally aspirated V12 had 3500cc and were called eg. 412. When the capacity was reduced to 3000cc again for 1996, Ferrari also opted for a V10, called the 310.

Prototypes

1969 312P

After boycotting sports car racing in 1968 to protest the rule change that also banned their 4 litre Ferrari Prototypes, Ferrari built another 3000cc prototype in 1969, named the 312 P. GTP sports cars racing at Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course in 1991 Sports car racing is a form of circuit racing, with purpose-built cars that nevertheless have enclosed wheel wells and often have closed cockpits. ... Although Enzo Ferrari resisted the move even with Cooper dominating F1, Ferrari began producing mid-engined racing cars in 1960 with the Formula 2 156, which would be turned into the Formula 1-winner of 1961. ...

The 3.0 V12 Ferrari 312P Barchetta and Berlinetta were hardly more than a 3-litre F1 Ferrari 312 with open or closed top prototype bodies. At the 12 Hours of Sebring the spyder finished 2nd to a JWA Gulf Ford GT40. At the BOAC 500km in Brands Hatch the same spyder was 4th behind three Porsche 908-01. At 1000km Monza, Chris Amon took the pole with the 312P spyder, ahead of Jo Siffert's 908-01, but had to retire. At the 1000km Spa, a 312P was second behind the Siffert/Redman 908-01LH. Two 312P Berlinettas were entered at Le Mans. They were 5 and 6 on the grid, but didn't finish. At the end of the season the 312Ps were sold to N.A.R.T., the American Ferrari importer of Luigi Chinetti, as the new and bigger Ferrari 512 should challenge the Porsche 917. The 12 Hours of Sebring is an annual motorsport endurance race held at Sebring Raceway, a former Air Force base in Sebring, Florida. ... Spyder or Spider is a term for a convertible car body style. ... A Roaring Forties replica of a 1965 Ford GT40 in Shelby livery on display at the 2005 United States Grand Prix GT40 Mk II front. ... Brands Hatch is a British motor racing circuit. ... The Porsche 908 was a racing car from Porsche, introduced from 1967 in the Porsche 906/Porsche 907/Porsche 910 series of models designed under Ferdinand Piech. ... The 1000km Monza is an Endurance racing and Sports car racing event at Autodromo Nazionale Monza in Italy. ... Chris Amon (born 20 July 1943) was a New Zealand Grand Prix driver of the 1960s and 1970s, widely accepted to be one of the best drivers never to win a F1 Grand Prix. ... Jo Siffert, born July 7, 1936 – died October 24, 1971, was a Swiss race car driver. ... The 1000km Spa is an Endurance racing and Sports car racing event at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps in Belgium. ... History of the Ferrari 512s In 1969 Enzo Ferrari, who had quit endurance racing, came back with a 3-litre prototype, the 3. ... Porsche 917/20 Pink Pig in Stuttgart Zuffenhausen Porsche 917/30 in Stuttgart Zuffenhausen The type 917 gave Porsche its first overall wins at the 24 hours of Le Mans in 1970 and 1971. ...

1971-1973 312PB

In 1971, another rule change was announced for 1972, banning the big 5L sports cars, and raising the weight limit of the 3L prototype to 650kg. Porsche considered this too heavy as their Porsche 908/03 were 100kg lighter. As their aircooled engine was too low on power at 370hp and the development of a new one would have been necessary, the factory did not enter anymore, selling off the 908s to customers. On the other hand, Matra and Alfa Romeo were willing and able to compete. Also, the Cosworth-V8 engine was available for independent chassis builders, but vibrations made it unreliable for endurance racing. The Porsche 908 was a racing car from Porsche, introduced from 1967 in the Porsche 906/Porsche 907/Porsche 910 series of models designed under Ferdinand Piech. ... Mécanique Avion TRAction or Matra is a French company covering a wide range of activities mainly related to aeronautics and weaponry which today operates as the Lagardère Group. ... Alfa Romeo is an Italian automobile manufacturing company, founded as Darracq Italiana by Cavaliere Ugo Stella, an aristocrat from Milan in partnership with the French automobile firm of Alexandre Darracq. ... A Ford Cosworth DFV on a Ligier JS11 Cosworth is an engine design and manufacture company founded in 1958, specialising in engines for automobile racing. ... Endurance racing can refer to races involving persons running in events such as marathons or triathlons, long cross-country skiing events, the racing of horses or other animals, or motorsport. ...

Having been beaten by the Porsche 917s in 1970, Ferrari abandoned further development of the Ferrari 512, leaving the 512 to customers like Penske, which had some success with an improved 512M, though. Porsche 917/20 Pink Pig in Stuttgart Zuffenhausen Porsche 917/30 in Stuttgart Zuffenhausen The type 917 gave Porsche its first overall wins at the 24 hours of Le Mans in 1970 and 1971. ... History of the Ferrari 512s In 1969 Enzo Ferrari, who had quit endurance racing, came back with a 3-litre prototype, the 3. ... Team Penske (also known as Penske Racing) is a racing team that currently owns cars running in the Indy Racing League and NASCAR; it formerly competed in CART. The team is named after its founder and principal owner, Roger Penske, and is a part of his conglomerate, Penske Corporation. ...

In 1971, Ferrari focused on a new 3L prototype, the Ferrari 312PB based on the flat boxer 180° V12 from the 312B F1 car. Coincidently, this design was similar to the traditional Porsche engine layout, but water cooled of course.

In 1972 and 1973, this 312PB was very successful and dominated most races of the World Sportscar Championship. Ferrari didn't enter the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1972 as the F1-based engine would last for sure. They entered in 1973 and finished second behind Matra. The World Sportscar Championship was a series run by the FIA from 1953 to 1992. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Mécanique Avion TRAction or Matra is a French company covering a wide range of activities mainly related to aeronautics and weaponry which today operates as the Lagardère Group. ...

At the end of the 1973 season, having won two World titles, Ferrari abandoned sports car racing to focus on F1 again.