Festung is a generic German word for a fortress. Whilst it is not in common usage in English it is used in a number of historical contexts involving German speakers: Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ...

• For historical fortresses in Austria, Germany or Switzerland
• As part of the excuse given by the Wehrmacht for the slow progress of the Siege of Warsaw
• For German WWII strongholds which were to be held at all costs, especially towards the end of the war:
  • Stalingrad (Festung Stalingrad)
  • Warsaw (Festung Warswaw) see also the Warsaw Uprising
  • Kolobrzeg (Festung Kolberg)
  • Wrocław (Festung Breslau)
  • Budapest (Festung Budapest)
• For entire countries such as Norway which were heavily fortified in WWII.

Festung Amerika, Fortress America, is an analogous degoratory term for the US post 9/11 Homeland security efforts. Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ... Wehrmacht   (armed forces, literally defence force(s)) was the name of the armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. ... Battle of Warsaw Conflict Polish Defence War of 1939 Date 8 to September 28, 1939 Place Warsaw, Poland Result Polish defeat The 1939 Battle of Warsaw was fought between the Polish Warsaw Army (Armia Warszawa) garrisoned and entrenched in the capital of Poland (Warsaw) and the German Army. ... Towards the end of World War II, the German leadership had not accepted defeat, but had begun to realise that a considerable attack on the Reich was inevitable. ... Stalingrad is the former name of two cities: Volgograd, Russia Karviná-Nové Město, near Ostrava, Czech Republic Other uses: The Battle of Stalingrad (a major turning-point of World War II and arguably the bloodiest battle in human history) Stalingrad (German film set during the above battle) Stalingrad... Combatants Germany Italy Hungary Romania Slovakia Croatia Soviet Union Commanders Maximilian von Weichs Friedrich Paulus # Erich von Manstein Hermann Hoth Italo Garibaldi, Italy Gusztav Jany, Hungary Petre Dumitrescu, Romania Constantin Constantinescu, Romania Vasiliy Chuikov Aleksandr Vasilyevskiy Georgiy Zhukov Semyon Timoshenko Strength German Sixth Army German Fourth Panzer Army Romanian Third... Motto: Contemnit procellas (It defies the storms) Semper invicta (Always invincible) Coordinates: Country Poland Voivodeship Masovia Powiat city county Gmina Warszawa Districts 18 boroughs City Rights turn of the 13th century Government  - Mayor Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz (PO) Area  - City 516. ... Festung Warschau (German Fortress Warsaw) is the name applied to the city of Warsaw by the Germans. ... Combatants Poland Germany Commanders Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski #, Antoni ChruÅ›ciel #, Tadeusz PeÅ‚czyÅ„ski Erich von dem Bach, Rainer Stahel, Heinz Reinefarth, Bronislav Kaminski Strength 50,000 troops (10,000 armed) 25,000 troops Casualties 18,000 killed, 12,000 wounded, 15,000 taken prisoner 250,000 civilians killed... Kołobrzeg (pronounce: [kɔwɔbʒεg], German Kolberg) is a city in Middle Pomerania in north-western Poland with some 50,000 inhabitants (2000). ... Motto: Miasto spotkaÅ„ (the meeting place) Coordinates: , Country Poland Voivodeship Lower Silesian Powiat city county Gmina WrocÅ‚aw Established 10th century City Rights 1262 Government  - Mayor RafaÅ‚ Dutkiewicz Area  - City 292. ... The Battle of Breslau, also known as the Siege of Breslau, was a three month long siege of the city of Breslau in Lower Silesia, Germany (now WrocÅ‚aw, Poland). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The date that commonly refers to the attacks on United States citizens on September 11, 2001 (see the September 11, 2001 Attacks). ... For the NBC TV Movie starring Tom Skeritt, see Homeland Security (film). ...

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