? Filoviridae
Marburg virus particles, ~100,000x magnification
Virus classification
Group: Group V ((-)ssRNA) Order: Mononegavirales Family: Filoviridae
Genera
Marburgvirus Ebolavirus Negative stain electron micrograph of Marburg virus particles, showing structure typical of Filoviridae, as well as characteristic Sheperds Crook. Magnification is approximately 100,000x. ... Virus classification involves naming and placing viruses into a taxonomic system. ... An RNA virus is a virus that either uses RNA as its genetic material, or whose genetic material passes through an RNA intermediate during replication. ... Families Paramyxoviridae Rhabdoviridae Filoviridae Bornaviridae The Mononegavirales are an order of viruses comprising species that have a non-segmented, negative sense RNA genome. ... The Marburg virus is the causative agent of Marburg hemorrhagic fever. ... Species Ivory Coast ebolavirus Reston ebolavirus Sudan ebolavirus Zaire virus Ebola hæmorrhagic fever (EHF — alternatively Ebola hemorrhagic fever; commonly referred to as simply Ebola) is a recently identified, severe, often fatal infectious disease occurring in humans and some primates caused by the Ebola virus. ...

Filoviruses are viruses belonging to the family Filoviridae, which is in the order Mononegavirales. These viruses are single stranded negative sense RNA viruses that target primates. There are two general viruses, the Ebola virus (Ebolavirus, with four species) [1] and the Marburg virus (Marburgvirus). Groups I: dsDNA viruses II: ssDNA viruses III: dsRNA viruses IV: (+)ssRNA viruses V: (-)ssRNA viruses VI: ssRNA-RT viruses VII: dsDNA-RT viruses A virus (Latin, poison) is a microscopic particle that can infect the cells of a biological organism. ... Families Paramyxoviridae Rhabdoviridae Filoviridae Bornaviridae The Mononegavirales are an order of viruses comprising species that have a non-segmented, negative sense RNA genome. ... Virus classification involves naming and placing viruses into a taxonomic system. ... An RNA virus is a virus that either uses RNA as its genetic material, or whose genetic material passes through an RNA intermediate during replication. ... Families 15, See classification A primate (L. prima, first) is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. ... Species Ivory Coast ebolavirus Reston ebolavirus Sudan ebolavirus Zaire virus Ebola hæmorrhagic fever (EHF — alternatively Ebola hemorrhagic fever; commonly referred to as simply Ebola) is a recently identified, severe, often fatal infectious disease occurring in humans and some primates caused by the Ebola virus. ... The Marburg virus is the causative agent of Marburg hemorrhagic fever. ...

These viruses cause horrific viral hemorrhagic fevers, characterized by massive bleeding from every orifice of the body. Ebola destroys the immune system in an explosive manner. Marburg virus typically has a mortality rate of at least 25%, while Ebola virus, depending on the species, has a mortality rate of anywhere from 50% to 90%. The virus is spread through bodily fluids. They are classified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as Biosafety Level 4. This means that they are among the most lethal and destructive viruses known to man. Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are a group of illnesses that are caused by several distinct families of viruses: Arenavirus, Filoviridae, Bunyaviridae and Flavivirus. ... The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia, is recognized as the leading United States agency for protecting the public health and safety of people. ... The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention specifies four levels of biosafety precautions for biological agents. ...

The virions (viral particles) are characteristically shaped as long, cylindrical, filamentous particles which may be straight, curved, coiled, or found in a "6" or "U" shaped configuration. They are occasionally branched and the particles vary greatly in length but the diameter (about 80nm) is consistent.

They are produced by budding from an infected cell, and consist of the viral RNA strand and proteins encapsulated in a lipid membrane formed from the host cell's plasma membrane. Drawing of a cell membrane A component of every biological cell, the cell membrane (or plasma membrane) is a thin and structured bilayer of phospholipid and protein molecules that envelopes the cell. ...

The inability of the immune system to clear these viruses may, at least in part, be due to the complex synthesis of a viral glycoprotein which forms heterotrimeric spikes within the virions plasma membrane. The gene encoding this contains a stop codon and as such two forms of the precursor can be produced via a frame shift during translation. These precursors then undergo proteolytic cleavage to form GP1 and GP2 which are also glycosylated before forming the expressed trimer. This results in a variety of epitopes which may result in a less focused immune response that simply doesn't have the time to clear the infection before the organism succumbs. Another virally expressed protein recognised by the immune system is VP40 which is normally expressed on the membrane complexed to VP24. The immune system protects the body from infection by pathogenic organisms. ... A glycoprotein is a macromolecule composed of a protein and a carbohydrate (an oligosaccharide). ... This stylistic schematic diagram shows a gene in relation to the double helix structure of DNA and to a chromosome (right). ...

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