The Finnish Army at the beginning of the Winter War in 1939 consisted of 9 field divisions, 3 brigades and a number of small independent battalions and companies. The Army was organised into three corps. The II and III Corps were organised into the Army of the Isthmus which was located on the Karelian Isthmus, the likely location for the main Soviet Attack. The IV Corps defended the area north of Lake Ladoga. The defence of the rest of the border up to Petsamo by the Arctic Ocean was given to the North Finland Group which consisted of a handfull of independent battalions. The Winter War (also known as the Soviet-Finnish War or the Russo-Finnish War) broke out when the Soviet Union attacked Finland on November 30, 1939, three months after the start of World War II. As a consequence, the Soviet Union was expelled from the League of Nations on... 1939 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Positions of the different units of the Army of the Isthmus at the beginning of the Winter War. ... The Karelian Isthmus is the narrow stretch of land between the Gulf of Finland and Lake Ladoga in northwestern Russia. ... There have been two Finnish formations called IV Corps (IV Armeijakunta, IV AK): IV Corps during the Winter War IV Corps during the Continuation War This is a disambiguation page — a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Map of Scandinavia Lake Ladoga (Russian: Ладожское озеро, Finnish: Laatokka) is the largest lake in Europe, located in Karelia and Leningrad Oblast in northwestern Russia (since WWII), near the border to Finland. ... The area of Petsamo (Pechenga in Russian) in northern Lapland, indigenously inhabited by Samis, came to Finland in 1920 and to the Soviet Union in 1944. ...

In order to organize replacements for the units a Field Replacement Brigade (Kenttätäydennysprikaati, KT-Pr) of nine battalions was formed. But due to the severity of the Soviet attack the battalions had to be used as combat troops. Also three Replacement Divisions or Home Divisions (1.Koti.D - 3.Koti.D) were formed from the available reservists. As the situation became more alarming the Replacement Divisions were reformed into the 21st, 22nd and 23rd Divisions and sent to the front on December 19th. December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Order of Battle

Army of the Isthmus (Kannaksen Armeija, KarA) under Lieutenant General Hugo Viktor Österman was located on the Karelian Isthmus. Positions of the different units of the Army of the Isthmus at the beginning of the Winter War. ... Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. ... The Karelian Isthmus is the narrow stretch of land between the Gulf of Finland and Lake Ladoga in northwestern Russia. ...

• II Corps (II AK) under Lieutenant General Harald Öhquist
  • 4th Division
  • 5th Division
  • 11th Division
  • Cavalry Brigade

• III Corps (III AK) under Major General Axel Heinrichs.
  • 8th Division
  • 10th Division

• Reserve
  • 1st Division

Immidiately by the border on the isthmus were the four delaying groups named after their location: The II Corps (II Armeijakunta) was a unit of the Finnish Army during the Winter War. ... The 4th Division was a unit of the Finnish Army during the Winter War. ... The III Corps (III Armeijakunta) was a unit of the Finnish Army during the Winter War. ... Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ... Axel Erik Heinrichs (1890-1965) was a Finnish general. ...

• U-Group at Uusikirkko
• M-Group at Muolaa
• L-Group at Lipola
• R-Group at Rautu

Independent formations

IV Corps (IV AK) (in the Ladoga Karelia) under Major General Juho Heiskanen (from 4 December 1939 on Major General J. Woldemar Hägglund). The IV Corps was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War against the Soviet Union. ... This article is about Karelia, the land of the Karelians, in its broadest meaning. ... December 4 is the 338th day (339th on leap years) of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1939 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...

• 12th Division
• 13th Division

North Finland Group (Pohjois-Suomen Ryhmä) under Major General Wiljo Einar Tuompo.

• Lapland Group (Lapin Ryhmä) in Salla and Petsamo
• North Karelian Group (Pohjois-Karjalan Ryhmä) in North Karelia

The Lapland Group (Lapin Ryhmä) was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union. ... Salla is a municipality of Finland and is located in Lapland. ... The area of Petsamo (Pechenga in Russian) in northern Lapland, indigenously inhabited by Samis, came to Finland in 1920 and to the Soviet Union in 1944. ... The North Karelian Group (Pohjois-Karjalan Ryhmä, P-KR) was a formation of the Finnish Army (1939) during the Winter War. ...

Reserves of C-in-C

• 6th Division (Southern Finland)
• 9th Division (Northern Finland)
• Replacement Brigade (KT-Pr)

The 6th Division (6. ...

External link

• The Finnish Army in the Winter War at winterwar.com
• Suomi m 1931 Militaria: Weapons