Finnmark fylke or Finnmárkku fylka

County	NO-20
Region	Nord-Norge
Administrative centre	Vadsø
County mayor
Area  - Total  - Percentage	Ranked 1 48,618 km² 15.04 %
Population  - Total (2004)  - Percentage  - Change (10 years)  - Density	Ranked 19 73,210 1.60 % -4.2 % 2/km²
Gross Regional Product  - Total (2001)  - Percentage  - GRP/capita	Ranked 19 13,715 million NOK 0.90 % 185,563 NOK

Finnmark (help· info) or Finnmárku is a county in the extreme northeast of Norway, bordering Troms county to the west, Finland (Lapland) to the south and Russia (Murmansk Oblast) to the east. The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, the county has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) or Finnmárku (Sami language). Finnmark borders the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and to the north and northeast is the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean). Finnmark is also part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region. It is the largest and least populated county of Norway. Situated on top of Europe, where Norway swings eastward, Finnmark has always been an area where east meets west - in nature as well as in culture. Image File history File links Finnmark_vapen. ... Image File history File links Location map for Finnmark, Norway. ... Norway is divided into 19 administrative regions, called counties (fylker, singular - fylke, Nynorsk: singular and plural fylke; until 1918 known as singular and plural- amt), and 433 municipalities (kommuner - Nynorsk: kommunar). ... The ISO 3166-2 codes for Norway describe 19 counties (fylke). ... A geopolitical map of Norway, exhibiting its 19 first-order subnational divisions (fylker or counties) with Svalbard and Jan Mayen. ... Nord-Norge (Norwegian for Northern Norway) is the name of the geographical region of northern Norway, consisting of the three counties Nordland, Troms and Finnmark. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2003 Administrative centre Vadsø Mayor (2003) Hauk Johnsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 77 1,258 km² 1,234 km² 0. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... ISO 4217 Code NOK User(s) Norway Inflation 2. ... Image File history File links Finnmark. ... Norway is divided into 19 administrative regions, called counties (fylker, singular - fylke, Nynorsk: singular and plural fylke; until 1918 known as singular and plural- amt), and 433 municipalities (kommuner - Nynorsk: kommunar). ... County NO-19 Region Nord-Norge Administrative centre Tromsø County mayor   Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 4 25,877 km² 8. ... The Province of Lapland is one of the Provinces of Finland, and a part of the larger geographical area of Lapland, which spans over four countries. ... Murmansk Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... Sami is a general name for a group of Finno-Ugric languages spoken in parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia, in Northern Europe. ... The Norwegian Sea (Norwegian: Norskehavet) is part of the North Atlantic Ocean northwest of Norway, located between the North Sea (i. ... Location of the Barents Sea. ... National anthem Sámi soga lávlla Languages Sami, Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, Russian Area ca. ... The Barents Region is a name of the land area by the Barents Sea and a bit further south (this region is politically defined), from Nordland in Norway to the Kola Peninsula in Russia. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...

Geography and environment

Finnmark is the northern- and easternmost county of Norway (Svalbard is not considered a county). In area, Finnmark is Norway's largest county, and is larger than Denmark. However, with a population of only 73,000, it is also the least populated.

Øksfjord in Loppa, western coast of Finnmark

Knivskjellodden in Nordkapp municipality (on Magerøya island) is the northernmost point of Europe; Kinnarodden at Nordkyn is the northernmost point on the European mainland. Hammerfest is the northernmost city of the world, and Vardø is the easternmost town in Norway and western Europe, and is actually east of Istanbul.
The coast is indented by large fjords, which in a strict sense are false fjords, as they are not carved out by glaciers. Some of Norway's largest sea birds colonies can be seen on the northern coast, the largest are Hjelmsøystauran in Måsøy and Gjesværstappan in Nordkapp. The highest mountains, including Svartfjell (Black mountain, 1218 m, the highest in the county) and glaciers like Øksfjordjøkelen (Øksfjord glacier, 45 km²) and Seilandsjøkelen (Seiland glacier) are located in the western part of Finnmark. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (4048x3040, 2662 KB) Die Gemeinde Øksfjord in Nordnorwegen im Februar 2005. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (4048x3040, 2662 KB) Die Gemeinde Øksfjord in Nordnorwegen im Februar 2005. ... Øksfjord Øksfjord is the administrative centre of Loppa municipality, Norway. ... Knivskjellodden, located in the municipality of Nordkapp in Norway at 71° 11′ 6″ N 25° 40′ 54″ E, is the northernmost point of Europe. ... County District Municipality NO-2019 Administrative centre HonningsvÃ¥g Mayor (2005) Ulf Syversen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 119 925 km² 891 km² 0. ... Magerøya is an island in the extreme north of Norway, in the community of Nordkapp. ... Cape Nordkinn (also called Kinnarodden) is the northernmost point of mainland Norway, and hence the northernmost point of mainland Europe. ... Midnight sun at the North Cape North Cape is a cape on the island of Magerøya in northern Norway, in the community of Nordkapp. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2004 Administrative centre Hammerfest Mayor (2006) Kristine Jørstad Bock (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 129 849 km² 819 km² 0. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2002 Administrative centre Vardø Mayor (2003) Rolf Einar Mortensen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 183 600 km² 586 km² 0. ... A current understanding of Western Europe. ... Istanbul (Turkish: , Greek: , historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and financial center. ... Fjord in Sunnmøre, Norway Geirangerfjord, Norway A fjord (or fiord) is a long, narrow estuary with steep sides, made when a glacial valley is filled by rising sea water levels. ... This article is about the geological formation. ... Seabirds are birds that spend much of their lives, outside the breeding season at least, at sea. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2018 Administrative centre Havøysund Mayor (2003) Ingalill Olsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 88 1,134 km² 1,066 km² 0. ... County District Municipality NO-2019 Administrative centre HonningsvÃ¥g Mayor (2005) Ulf Syversen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 119 925 km² 891 km² 0. ... Øksfjordjøkelen (In Sami ÁkÅ¡ovunjiehkki) is the ninth largest glacier in mainland Norway. ...

Altafjord, Alta.

The Øksfjord plateau glacier calved directly into the sea (Jøkelfjorden) until 1900, the last glacier in mainland Norway to do so. The central and eastern part of Finnmark is generally less mountainous, and has no glaciers. The land east of Nordkapp is mostly below 300 m. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x900, 181 KB) This image was copied from wikipedia:de. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x900, 181 KB) This image was copied from wikipedia:de. ...

The nature varies from barren coastal areas facing the Barents Sea, to more sheltered fjord areas and river valleys with gullies and tree vegetation. About half of the county is above the tree line, and large parts of the other half is covered with small Downy birch. Location of the Barents Sea. ... In this view of an alpine tree-line, the distant line looks particularly sharp. ... Binomial name Betula pubescens Ehrh. ...

The most lush areas are the Alta area and the Tana (river) valleys ^[1], and in the east is the lowland area in the Pasvik valley in Sør-Varanger, where the pine and Siberian spruce forest is considered part of the Russian taiga vegetation ^[2]. This valley has the highest density of Brown bears in Norway, and is the only location in the country with a population of musk-rats. Lynx and elk are common in large parts of Finnmark, but rarely on the coast. County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2012 Administrative centre Alta Mayor (2003) Geir Ove Bakken (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 7 3,849 km² 3,651 km² 1. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2025 Administrative centre Tana Mayor (2003) Ingrid Smuk Rolstad (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l and Northern Sami Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 5 4,049 km² 3,833 km² 1. ... Pasvik - or Paatsjoki in Finnish and Kven languages - is a village in Northern Norway. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2030 Administrative centre Kirkenes Mayor (2005) Tone Hatle (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 6 3,968 km² 3,468 km² 1. ... Binomial name L. Distribution The Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.; family Pinaceae) is a species of pine native to Europe and Asia, ranging from Great Britain and Spain east to eastern Siberia, south to the Caucasus Mountains, and as far north as Lapland. ... This article is about Siberia as a whole. ... Species About 35; see text. ... For other uses, see Taiga (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Ursus arctos range map. ... Binomial name Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766) The Muskrat or Musquash (Ondatra zibethicus), the only species in genus Ondatra, is a large aquatic rodent native to North America, and introduced in parts of Europe. ... For other uses, see Lynx (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Moose (disambiguation). ...

Neiden in Sør-Varanger

In the interior is the Finnmarksvidda plateau, with an elevation of 300 - 400 m, with numerous lakes and river valleys, and famous for its tens of thousands of reindeer owned by the Sami, and swarms of mosquitos in mid-summer. Finnmarksvidda makes up 36% of the county's area. Stabbursdalen national park ensures protection for the world's most northern pine forest.^[3] Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixels Full resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 255 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Date=26. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixels Full resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 255 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Date=26. ... Finnmarksvidda (the Finnmark plateau) is Norways largest mountain plateau, with an area greater than 22,000 km². It lies at 300-500 meters above sea level. ... Caribou redirects here. ... The Sami people (also Sámi, Saami, Lapps, sometimes also Laplanders) are the indigenous people of Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia. ... For other uses, see Mosquito (disambiguation). ... Stabbursdalen is a National Park in Norway. ... This article is about national parks. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources. ... Binomial name L. Distribution The Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.; family Pinaceae) is a species of pine native to Europe and Asia, ranging from Great Britain and Spain east to eastern Siberia, south to the Caucasus Mountains, and as far north as Lapland. ...

Tanaelva, which partly defines the border with Finland, gives the largest catch of salmon of all rivers in Europe, and also has the world record for Atlantic salmon, 36 kg. In the east, Pasvikelva defines the border with Russia. Summer night at Tana River Tana river (Tanaelva in Norwegian, Deatnu in Northern Sami, Teno in Finnish), is a 330 kilometer long river in Lapland, in the Norwegian county of in Finnmark and the Lapland Province of Finland. ... For other uses, see Salmon (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Salmo salar Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic salmon, known scientifically as Salmo salar, is a species of fish in the family Salmonidae, which is found in the northern Atlantic Ocean and in rivers that flow into the Atlantic. ... River Paatsjoki (Norwegian: Pasvikelva) is the outlet from Lake Inari to the Barents Sea. ...

Climate

Finnmarksvidda in the interior of the county has a continental climate with the coldest winter temperatures in Norway: the coldest temperature ever recorded was -51.4 °C (-60.5 °F) in Karasjok on January 1 1886. The 24-hour averages for January and July at the same location are -17.1 °C (1.2 °F) and 13.1 °C (55.6 °F), the annual average is -2.4 °C (28 °F), and precipitation is only 366 mm (14.43 in) per year ^[4]. Karasjok has recorded up to 32.4 °C (90.3 °F) in July, giving a possible year amplitude of 84 °C (151 °F) (rare in Europe). Finnmarksvidda has annual mean temperatures down to -3 °C (27 °F) (Sihcajavri in Kautokeino), the coldest in mainland Norway (except for higher mountains areas) and even colder than Jan Mayen and Bjørnøya. However, Sihcajavri has also recorded the warmest temperature ever in North Norway: 34.3°C (93.8°F) on June 23 1920. Finnmarksvidda (the Finnmark plateau) is Norways largest mountain plateau, with an area greater than 22,000 km². It lies at 300-500 meters above sea level. ... Regions containing a continental climate exist in portions of Northern Hemisphere continents, and also at higher elevations in certain other parts of the world. ... Winter is one of the four seasons of temperate zones. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2021 Administrative centre Karasjok Mayor (2004) Kjell H. Sæther (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l and Sami Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 2 5,453 km² 5,205 km² 1. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2011 Administrative centre Kautokeino Mayor (2004) Klemet Erland Hætta (Samefolkets liste - Sámi Peoples Party) Official language form BokmÃ¥l and Sami Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 1 9,708 km² 8,964 km² 3. ... Bjørnøya is located north of mainland Norway and south of Spitsbergen. ... Nord-Norge (Norwegian for Northern Norway) is the name of the geographical region of northern Norway, consisting of the three counties Nordland, Troms and Finnmark. ...

Due to the proximity to the ice-free ocean, winters are much milder in coastal areas (and more windy); Loppa has average January & July temperatures of -2 °C (28 °F) and 11.6 °C (52.9 °F) respectively, with an annual mean of 3.6 °C (38.5 °F) ^[5], despite being further north. The year average temperature difference between Loppa and Karasjok (6 °C) is comparable to the difference between Loppa and London ^[6]. County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2014 Administrative centre Øksfjord Mayor (2003) Arne Dag Isaksen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 162 687 km² 669 km² 0. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

In the Köppen climate classification, the climate in Karasjok - and most of the lowland areas in Finnmark - corresponds to the Dfc category (subarctic climate), while the Loppa climate corresponds to the Cfc category. The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. ... Regions having a subarctic climate (also called boreal climate) are characterized by long, usually very cold winters, and brief, warm summers. ...

The northeastern coast, from Nordkapp east to Vardø, have arctic tundra climate (Köppen: ETf), as the average July temperature is below 10 °C (50 °F). County District Municipality NO-2019 Administrative centre HonningsvÃ¥g Mayor (2005) Ulf Syversen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 119 925 km² 891 km² 0. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2002 Administrative centre Vardø Mayor (2003) Rolf Einar Mortensen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 183 600 km² 586 km² 0. ... The red line indicates the 10°C isotherm in July, commonly used to define the Arctic region border Satellite image of the Arctic surface The Arctic is the region around the Earths North Pole, opposite the Antarctic region around the South Pole. ... For other uses, see Tundra (disambiguation). ...

Kjøllefjord on the northeastern coast.

Furthermore, elevations exceeding approximately 100 - 200 m in coastal areas in western Finnmark and 300-500 m in the interior result in an alpine tundra climate, and in the northeast this merges with the arctic tundra climate.
The climate in sheltered parts of fjord areas (particularly Altafjord) is usually considered the most hospitable: winters are not as cold as in the interior, and summer warmth is comparable. Even if winter temperatures are milder in coastal areas, the coast is more exposed to winter storms, which often complicate or shut down road and air communications. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2579x1021, 1496 KB) Originally published on de wikipedia http://de. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2579x1021, 1496 KB) Originally published on de wikipedia http://de. ... For the climate of the mountains named the Alps, see climate) for a region above the tree-line. ... For other uses, see Storm (disambiguation). ...

Midnight Sun and Northern Light

Sunrise at 07:33 in February; Vadsø.

Situated far north of the arctic circle, Finnmark has midnight sun from middle of May until late July. And in two months of the winter, from late November to late January, the county experiences polar nights where the sun is always below the horizon. As a consequence, there is continuous daylight from early May to early August. At midwinter, there are only a bluish twilight for a couple of hours around noon, which can almost reach full daylight if there are clear skies to the south. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 798 × 599 pixelsFull resolution‎ (4,048 × 3,040 pixels, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 798 × 599 pixelsFull resolution‎ (4,048 × 3,040 pixels, file size: 1. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2003 Administrative centre Vadsø Mayor (2003) Hauk Johnsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 77 1,258 km² 1,234 km² 0. ... For the fast food restaurant chain, see Arctic Circle Restaurants. ... The midnight sun at Nordkapp, Norway. ... The polar night is the night lasting more than 24 hours, usually inside the polar circles. ... For other uses, see Twilight (disambiguation). ...

Finnmark is situated in the Aurora Borealis zone, and because of the dry climate with frequent clear skies, Alta was early chosen as a location for the study of this strange light phenomenon. For this reason, Alta is sometimes referred to as the city of the northern light. Aurora borealis Polar aurorae are optical phenomena characterized by colorful displays of light in the night sky. ...

Administration and Economy

Vadsø with the church, February 2004

Vadsø is the capital city of the county of Finnmark, although Alta has the largest population. Fisheries have traditionally been the most important way of living along the coast, where the majority of the Norwegian population live. The red king crab, originally from the northern Pacific ocean but brought to the Barents sea by the Russians, have invaded from the east and are now being exploited commercially (especially in Varangerfjord). To prevent the crab from spreading too far south, crab fishing west of Nordkapp is totally unregulated. The slate industry in Alta is well known, and have sold to customers as far away as Japan. Kirkenes grew into a town as the exploitation of the iron ores started, but AS Sydvaranger closed down their iron ore activities in 1996. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (4048x3040, 1899 KB) Die Kirche im Ort Vadsø in Nordnorwegen. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (4048x3040, 1899 KB) Die Kirche im Ort Vadsø in Nordnorwegen. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2003 Administrative centre Vadsø Mayor (2003) Hauk Johnsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 77 1,258 km² 1,234 km² 0. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2012 Administrative centre Alta Mayor (2003) Geir Ove Bakken (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 7 3,849 km² 3,651 km² 1. ... A fishery (plural: fisheries) is an organized effort by humans to catch fish or other aquatic species, an activity known as fishing. ... Binomial name (Tilesius, 1815) [1] The red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus, is the most coveted commercially sold king crab and is the most expensive per unit weight. ... The Varangerfjord, in the county of Finnmark, is the easternmost fjord in Norway. ... For other uses, see Slate (disambiguation). ... Kirkenes, Norway and Petsamo, Russia Orthographic projection over Kirkenes Norway Kirkenes is the centre of the municipality of Sør-Varanger in Finnmark county, Norway. ... For other uses, see Iron (disambiguation). ... An ore is a mineral deposit containing a metal or other valuable resource in economically viable concentrations. ... Sydvaranger was the company that operated the Bjørnevatn Mine in Kirkenes, Norway between the start in 1906 until 1996. ...

In more recent years, tourism has grown in importance, with Nordkapp (North Cape), Alta and Hammerfest as the most important destinations. Tourist redirects here. ... Midnight sun at the North Cape North Cape (foreground), Knivskjellodden (background) North Cape is a cape on the island of Magerøya in northern Norway, in the community of Nordkapp. ...

There are two hospitals in Finnmark, located in Kirkenes and Hammerfest. There are several smaller airports (with flights to Tromsø), but only Alta and Kirkenes have airports with direct flights to Oslo. In addition, Lakselv Airport, Banak in Porsanger is used for training purposes by the Royal Norwegian Air Force and other NATO allies, in conjunction with the nearby Halkavarre shooting range, which allows for practice with precison guided munitions. Garnisonen i Porsanger is also located near Halkavarre training area. There is also the Garnisonen i Sør-Varanger (Gsv) in the east, which guards the border with Russia. Hammerfest is now experiencing an economic boom^[7] as a consequence of Statoil's construction of the large land-based LNG site at Melkøya^[8], which will get natural gas from the Snøhvit field. A new oil field was recently discovered just 45 km off shore ^[9], ^[10], close to the Snøhvit field. For the town in the Republic of Ireland, see Hospital, County Limerick. ... Kirkenes, Norway and Petsamo, Russia Orthographic projection over Kirkenes Norway Kirkenes is the centre of the municipality of Sør-Varanger in Finnmark county, Norway. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2004 Administrative centre Hammerfest Mayor (2006) Kristine Jørstad Bock (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 129 849 km² 819 km² 0. ... County District Municipality NO-1902 Administrative centre Tromsø Mayor (2004) Herman Kristoffersen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 18 2,566 km² 2,519 km² 0. ... This article is about the capital of Norway. ... Lakselv Airport, Banak is owned and operated by Avinor. ... Image:NO 2020 Porsanger Porsángu Porsanki. ... Ranks Norwegian military ranks The Royal Norwegian Air Force (RNoAF) (Norwegian: Luftforsvaret) is the air force of Norway. ... This article is about the military alliance. ... Garnisonen i Porsanger, based at Porsangmoen, is the worlds northernmost military camp. ... The garrison of Sør-Varanger municipality The Garrison of Sør-Varanger (GSV) is a military camp located next to Høybuktmoen Airport near Kirkenes in Sør-Varanger The camp is under the control of the Norwegian Army and consists of; Border Company Education (GrKp/U), The Garrison... GSV is a three letter acronym that can stand for more than one thing, including: Garnisonen i Sør-Varanger is a military base in Sør-Varanger, Norway. ... A Statoil petrol station sign in Estonia Statoil (OSE: STL, NYSE: STO) is a Norwegian petroleum company established in 1972. ... Liquefied natural gas or LNG is natural gas that has been cooled until it becomes liquid, and it is stored in tanks. ... Snøhvit is the name of a natural gas field in the Barents Sea, 140 km northwest of Hammerfest, Norway, with estimated recoverable reserves of 140 billion m³ of natural gas. ... Drilling rig in a small oil field Near Sarnia, Ontario, 2001 An oil field is an area with an abundance of oil wells extracting petroleum (oil) from below ground. ...

There is also optimism in the eastern part of the county, as the growing petroleum activity in the Barents Sea is expected to generate increased economic activity on land as well ^[11]. Petro redirects here. ...

The Finnmark Estate agency owns and manages about 95% of the land in Finnmark. The Finnmark Act (Finnmarksloven in Norwegian) transferred about 95% (about 46,000 km2) of the area in the Finnmark county in Norway to the inhabitants of Finnmark. ...

History

People have lived in Finnmark for at least 10,000 years (see Komsa, Pit-Comb Ware culture and Rock carvings at Alta). The destiny of these early cultures is unknown. Three ethnic groups have a long history in Finnmark: the Sami people, the Norwegians and the Kven people. Of these the Sami were the first people to settle in Finnmark. Later Norwegian and Finnish people (ancestors to the Kvens) colonized the areas. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... The Komsa culture was a stone age culture of hunter-gatherers that existed in northern Norway from around 6000 BC. The culture is named after the Komsa mountain in the community of Alta, Finnmark, where the first remains of the culture were discovered in 1925. ... The Comb Ceramic Culture or the Pit-Comb Ware culture was a North-East European stone age culture, ca 4200 BC - 2000 BC. The name is derived from the most common decoration on the ceramic finds that look like the imprints of a comb. ... Detail from the rock carvings at Alta The Rock carvings at Alta are an archaeological site near the town of Alta in the county of Finnmark in northern Norway. ... The Sami people (also Sámi, Saami, Lapps, sometimes also Laplanders) are the indigenous people of Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia. ... This article is about the contemporary ethnic group in Norway. ...

Sami

Main article: Sami history

Traditionally, the Norwegians lived on the coast, where they made up the majority, and the Sami people was in majority in the interior part of Finnmark, while the fjord areas were mixed. In essence, this still holds true today. The Sami were for many years victims of what is called fornorskningspolitikken, which in essence was a deliberate attempt by the Norwegian society to make them "true" Norwegians and forget about their Sami way of life and religion, which was seen as inferior. As a result of this, the Sami living at the coast and in the fjords gradually lost much of their culture and often felt ashamed by their Sami inheritance. The Sami in the interior managed to preserve more of their culture. However, in the 1970s, instruction of the Sami language started in the schools, and a new sense of consciousness started to grow among the Sami; today most are proud of their Sami culture. In the midst of this awakening (1979), Norway's government decided to build a dam in Alta to produce hydropower, provoking many Sami and environmentalists to demonstrations and civil disobedience (Altasaken). In the end, though, the dam was built, and the salmon still spawn in the river, but the Sami culture was now on the government's agenda. The Sami parliament (Sámediggi) opened in Karasjok in 1989. The Sami peoples have inhabited the northern regions of Fenno-Scandinavia and Russia for a long time in coexistence with other peoples. ... The Sami people (also Sámi, Saami, Lapps, sometimes also Laplanders) are the indigenous people of Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia. ... This article is about structures for water impoundment. ... Undershot water wheels on the Orontes River in Hama, Syria Saint Anthony Falls Hydropower is the capture of the energy of moving water for some useful purpose. ... Bold textHello ... Frog spawn Spawning is the production or depositing of eggs in large numbers by aquatic animals. ... The Sami Parliament is a representative body for peoples of Sami heritage in several Scandinavian countries. ...

Norwegian

A Dutch map of Finnmark (1660), showing the border between Sweden and Russia.

Gjesvær in Nordkapp is mentioned in the Sagas (Heimskringla) as a northern harbor in the viking age, especially used by vikings on the way to Bjarmaland (see Ottar from Hålogaland), and probably also for gathering food in the nearby seabird colony. Coastal areas of Finnmark were colonized by Norwegians beginning in the 10th century, and there are stories describing clashes with the karelians. Border skirmishes between the Norwegians and Novgorodians continued until 1326, when the Treaty of Novgorod settled the issue. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 564 × 599 pixelsFull resolution‎ (881 × 936 pixels, file size: 197 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Dutch map of the Kola Peninsula, 1660, by De Wit. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 564 × 599 pixelsFull resolution‎ (881 × 936 pixels, file size: 197 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Dutch map of the Kola Peninsula, 1660, by De Wit. ... The Norse sagas or Viking sagas (Icelandic: Íslendingasögur), are stories about ancient Scandinavian and Germanic history, about early Viking voyages, about migration to Iceland, and of feuds between Icelandic families. ... Heimskringla is the Old Norse name of a collection of sagas recorded in Iceland around 1225 by the poet and historian Snorri Sturluson (1179-1242). ... Viking Age is the term denoting the years from about 800 to 1066 in Scandinavian History[1][2][3]. // The Vikings have been much maligned in European history, due in large part to their violent attacks on Christians in the first centuries of their excursions out of Scandinavia. ... Bjarmaland (a. ... Ottar from HÃ¥logaland was a Viking adventurer from HÃ¥logaland. ... The Karelians is a name used to denote two related, yet different ethnic groups of Finnic-language speakers. ... The Novgorod Republic was an early republic that existed in the North-West territory of modern day Russia, in Novgorod lands between 1136 and 1478. ... The Treaty of Novgorod, signed in 1326, marked the end of decades of fighting between Finland and Russia, in the far-northern region called Finnmark. ...

The first known fortification in Finnmark is Vardøhus festning, first erected in 1306 by King Haakon V Magnusson. This is the world's most northern fortress. In the 17th century, 88 young women were burned as witches in Vardø, an extremely high number compared to the total population in this area at the time ^[12]. For the fortification of food, see Food fortification. ... Officers quarters at Vardøhus Festning. ... Burial site of HÃ¥kon V in Oslo Haakon V Magnusson (1270 - May 8, 1319) was king of Norway from 1299 until 1319. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources. ...

Finnmark first became a subject of major colonization in the 18th and 19th century. Norway, Sweden and Russia all claimed control over this area. Finnmark was initially a Norwegian colony, but became an integrated part of the Kingdom in the early part of the 19th century, when it was elevated to Amt (county). For a time, there was a vibrant trade with Russia (Pomor Trade), and many Norwegians settled on the Kola Peninsula (see Kola Norwegians). This article is about a type of political territory. ... An Amt is a name for subnational administrative units used in some northern European countries. ... Pomors (помо́ры) are Russian settlers of the White Sea coasts. ... Location of Kola south of the Barents Sea. ... The Kola Norwegians were Norwegian settlers along the coastline of the Russian Kola Peninsula. ...

Kven

Main article: Kven people

The Finnic Kven residents of Finnmark are largely descendants of Finnish immigrants who arrived in the area during the 19th century - or before - from Finland, suffering from famine and war. This article is about the contemporary ethnic group in Norway. ... Finnic peoples (Fennic, sometimes Baltic-Finnic) refers to a group of related ethnic groups and nations speaking Finnic languages (also known as Balto-Finnic languages). ... Kvens (kveeni in Kven language / Finnish; kvener in Norwegian) are a Norwegian ethnic minority descended from Finnish peasants and fishermen who emigrated from the northern parts of Finland and Sweden to Northern Norway in the 18th and 19th centuries. ... <nowiki>Insert non-formatted text hereBold text</nowiki>A famine is a social and economic crisis that is commonly accompanied by widespread malnutrition, starvation, epidemic and increased mortality. ...

World War II and the Cold War

Towards the end of World War II, the Germans used the scorched earth tactic in Finnmark and northern Troms to halt the victorious Red Army. As a consequence of this, few houses survived the war, and a large part of the population was forcefully evacuated further south (Tromsø was crowded), but many hid and waited until the Germans were gone, then inspected their burned homes. However, after liberating Kirkenes on October 25, 1944 (as the first town in Norway), the Red Army did not attempt further offensives in Norway. The town was peacefully handed over to Norway as the war ended. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... For the computer game, see Scorched Earth (computer game). ... County NO-19 Region Nord-Norge Administrative centre Tromsø County mayor   Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 4 25,877 km² 8. ... For other organizations known as the Red Army, see Red Army (disambiguation). ... is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Fra Hammerfest by Peder Balke (1851)

The Cold War was a period with sometimes high tension in eastern Finnmark, at the 196 km long border with the Soviet Union. To keep tensions from getting too high, Norway declared that no NATO exercises would take place in Finnmark. There were, however, a lot of military intelligence activity, and Norwegian P-3 Orion maritime surveillance aircraft were often the first to get pictures of newly built Soviet submarines and aircraft. A purpose built ELINT vessel, the Marjata, was always stationed near the border, and the current Marjata (7500 t, ^[13] is still operating out of the ports in eastern Finnmark. As recent as 2000, Russian generals threatened to target nuclear missiles at the Globus II Radar in Vardø ^[14]). Image File history File links Peder_Balke-Fra_Hammerfest. ... Image File history File links Peder_Balke-Fra_Hammerfest. ... For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ... This article is about the military alliance. ... The Lockheed P-3 Orion is a maritime patrol aircraft of numerous militaries around the world, used primarily for maritime patrol, reconnaissance, and anti-submarine warfare. ... ELINT stands for ELectronic INTelligence, and refers to intelligence-gathering by use of electronic sensors. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2002 Administrative centre Vardø Mayor (2003) Rolf Einar Mortensen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 183 600 km² 586 km² 0. ...

Etymology

See also: Hedmark, Telemark, and Marches

The Norse form of the name was Finnmörk. The first element is finn(ar), the Norse name for the Sámi people. The last element is mörk f 'woodland, borderland'. In Norse times the name was referring to any places where Sámi people were living (also parts of Southern Norway). Hedmark is a county in Norway, bordering Sør-Trøndelag, Oppland and Akershus. ... For other uses, see Telemark (disambiguation). ... Mark or march (or various plural forms of these words) are derived from the Frankish word marka (boundary) and refer to a border region, e. ... Old Norse or Danish tongue is the Germanic language once spoken by the inhabitants of the Nordic countries (for instance during the Viking Age). ... Sami flag The Sami people (there are other names and spellings including Sámi, Saami and Lapp) are an indigenous people of northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia, covering a total area in the Nordic countries corresponding to the size of Sweden. ...

More recently, Finnmark is also the older name for Lapland in Sweden and is used by some inhabitants in this region. The title comes from Linné's expeditions in the northern Nordic regions during the 1700s, and his choice of name was influenced by the history of the region. Laponia, or Lappland, was a historical Province or landskap in the extreme north of Sweden. ... Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 13, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ... Political map of the Nordic countries and associated territories. ...

Coat-of-arms

The coat-of-arms is from modern times (1967). It shows the old Vardøhus festning. Officers quarters at Vardøhus Festning. ...

Demographics

The Hammerfest suburb of Rypefjord

The old stoneage Komsa culture is very difficult to relate to the people living in Finnmark today. There are findings suggesting that the Sami people have been here for a long time, but exactly how long is unclear, some scholars claim 8000 years, while some claim only 2500 years. From the Middle Ages, starting in the 10th century, the coastal areas have been populated and visited by ethnic Norwegians, and Finnmark became part of the kingdom. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (768x1024, 204 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Finnmark Hammerfest Rypefjord ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (768x1024, 204 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Finnmark Hammerfest Rypefjord ... Rypefjord Rypefjord is a village in the municipality of Hammerfest, Norway. ... Stone Age fishing hook. ... The Komsa culture was a stone age culture of hunter-gatherers that existed in northern Norway from around 6000 BC. The culture is named after the Komsa mountain in the community of Alta, Finnmark, where the first remains of the culture were discovered in 1925. ...

Much of the Sami population of Norway is concentrated in Finnmark, where they constitute about one-quarter of the total population. The county and the municipalities Kautokeino, Karasjok, Tana, Nesseby, Porsanger and Kåfjord (in Troms) also have official names in the Sami language and unofficial names in Kven. The Sami people (also Sámi, Saami, Lapps, sometimes also Laplanders) are the indigenous people of Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2011 Administrative centre Kautokeino Mayor (2004) Klemet Erland Hætta (Samefolkets liste - Sámi Peoples Party) Official language form BokmÃ¥l and Sami Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 1 9,708 km² 8,964 km² 3. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2021 Administrative centre Karasjok Mayor (2004) Kjell H. Sæther (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l and Sami Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 2 5,453 km² 5,205 km² 1. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2025 Administrative centre Tana Mayor (2003) Ingrid Smuk Rolstad (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l and Northern Sami Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 5 4,049 km² 3,833 km² 1. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2027 Administrative centre Nyborg Mayor (2003) Ann Jorid Henriksen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l and Sami Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 57 1,436 km² 1,367 km² 0. ... Image:NO 2020 Porsanger Porsángu Porsanki. ... County Troms District Municipality NO-1940 Administrative centre Olderdalen Mayor (2003) Idar Lilleberg(NSD-AP) Official language form BokmÃ¥l and Sami Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 106 991 km² 950 km² 0. ... Sami is a general name for a group of Uralic languages spoken in parts of northern Norway, Sweden, Finland and extreme northwestern Russia, in Northern Europe. ...

In the 1800s up to World War II many Finnish speaking immigrants ^[15] settled in Finnmark. Their Kven language has had one of official minority languages of Norway since 2005 and since 1996 they had have minority status as Kven people. Vadsø (Vesisaari in Kven) is often seen as the Kven capital in Finnmark. Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... This article is about the contemporary ethnic group in Norway. ...

Lakselv in central Finnmark is sometimes referred to as meeting place for three tribes. In recent years, with the Russian immigrants arriving in Kirkenes, this town is actually a meeting place for four cultures. The town of Lakselv is the largest settlement and administrative centre of the municipality Porsanger in the county of Finnmark in Norway. ...

Municipalities

The municipalites in Finnmark

1. Alta Alattio
2. Berlevåg
3. Båtsfjord
4. Gamvik
5. Hammerfest
6. Hasvik
7. Kárášjohka Kaarasjoki Karasjok
8. Guovdageaidnu Kautokeino Koutokeino
9. Kvalsund
10. Lebesby
11. Loppa
12. Måsøy
13. Unjárga Uuniemi Nesseby
14. Nordkapp
15. Porsanger Porsángu Porsanki
16. Sør-Varanger Etelä-Varanki
17. Deatnu Teno Tana
18. Vadsø Vesisaari
19. Vardø Vuoreija

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 548 pixels Full resolution (1281 × 878 pixel, file size: 31 KB, MIME type: image/png) Map of the municipalities of Finnmark county in Norway. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 548 pixels Full resolution (1281 × 878 pixel, file size: 31 KB, MIME type: image/png) Map of the municipalities of Finnmark county in Norway. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2012 Administrative centre Alta Mayor (2003) Geir Ove Bakken (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 7 3,849 km² 3,651 km² 1. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2024 Administrative centre BerlevÃ¥g Mayor (2005) Erik Brøske (SV) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 92 1,120 km² 1,082 km² 0. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2028 Administrative centre BÃ¥tsfjord Mayor (2003) Geir Knutsen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 58 1,433 km² 1,415 km² 0. ... County Finnmark District Nordkyn Municipality NO-2023 Administrative centre Mehamn Mayor (2004) Roger Hansen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 60 1,415 km² 1,354 km² 0. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2004 Administrative centre Hammerfest Mayor (2006) Kristine Jørstad Bock (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 129 849 km² 819 km² 0. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2015 Administrative centre Hasvik Mayor (2003) Geir Adelsten Iversen (Sp) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 192 556 km² 535 km² 0. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2017 Administrative centre Kvalsund Mayor (2003) Ragnar Olsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 37 1,844 km² 1,739 km² 0. ... County Finnmark District Nordkyn Municipality NO-2022 Administrative centre Kjøllefjord Mayor (2004) Harald Larssen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 8 3,458 km² 3,235 km² 1. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2014 Administrative centre Øksfjord Mayor (2003) Arne Dag Isaksen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 162 687 km² 669 km² 0. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2018 Administrative centre Havøysund Mayor (2003) Ingalill Olsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 88 1,134 km² 1,066 km² 0. ... County District Municipality NO-2019 Administrative centre HonningsvÃ¥g Mayor (2005) Ulf Syversen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 119 925 km² 891 km² 0. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2020 Administrative centre Lakselv Mayor (2004) Bjørn KÃ¥re Søderholm (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l, Sami, and Kven Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 3 4,874 km² 4,643 km² 1. ...

References

• Norwegian Meteorological Institute (24-hr averages, 1961-90 base period)
• A.Moen: Vegetasjon. Nasjonalatlas for Norge (1998)
• G. Bjørbæk: Norsk Vær i 110 År (2003).
• J.I. Tollefsrud, E. Tjørve, P. Hermansen: Perler i Norsk Natur - En Veiviser (Aschehoug, 1991)

Norwegian Meteorological Institute (Norwegian Meteorologisk Institutt) is the Norwegian national institute for weather forecasts. ...

External links

• Stone age in Finnmark
• Finnmark county administration
• Visitnorthcape.com - official travel guide to Finnmark
• Finnmark at the official travel guide to Norway

v • d • e Counties of Norway

Akershus · Aust-Agder · Buskerud · Finnmark · Hedmark · Hordaland · Møre og Romsdal · Nordland · Nord-Trøndelag · Oppland · Oslo · Østfold · Rogaland · Sogn og Fjordane · Sør-Trøndelag · Telemark · Troms · Vest-Agder · Vestfold Norway is divided into 19 administrative regions, called counties (fylker, singular - fylke, Nynorsk: singular and plural fylke; until 1918 known as singular and plural- amt), and 433 municipalities (kommuner - Nynorsk: kommunar). ... County NO-02 Region Østlandet Administrative centre Oslo County mayor Hildur Horn Øien (KrF) Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 16 4,918 km² 1. ... County NO-09 Region Sørlandet Administrative centre Arendal County mayor Oddvar Skaiaa Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 14 9,157 km² 2. ... County NO-06 Region Østlandet Administrative centre Drammen County mayor Tor Ottar Karlsen (Ap) Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 12 14,910 km² 4. ... Hedmark is a county in Norway, bordering Sør-Trøndelag, Oppland and Akershus. ...   is a county in Norway, bordering Sogn og Fjordane, Buskerud, Telemark and Rogaland. ...   is a county in the northernmost part of the Vestlandet region of Norway, and borders the counties of Sør-Trøndelag, Oppland and Sogn og Fjordane. ... // For other uses, see Nordland (disambiguation). ... County NO-17 Region Trøndelag Administrative centre Steinkjer County mayor Inger Lise Gjørv Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 6 22,412 km² 6. ... Oppland is a county in Norway, bordering Sør-Trøndelag, Møre og Romsdal, Sogn og Fjordane, Buskerud, Akershus, Oslo and Hedmark. ... This article is about the capital of Norway. ... Østfold is a county in southeastern Norway, bordering Akershus and southwestern Sweden (Västra Götaland County and Värmland), while Vestfold is on the other side of the bay. ... Rogaland is a county in Norway, bordering Hordaland, Telemark, Aust-Agder and Vest-Agder. ... County NO-14 Region Vestlandet Administrative centre Leikanger County mayor Nils R. Sandal Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 8 18,623 km² 5. ... County NO-16 Region Trøndelag Administrative centre Trondheim County mayor Tore O. Sandvik Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 7 18,848 km² 5. ... For other uses, see Telemark (disambiguation). ... County NO-19 Region Nord-Norge Administrative centre Tromsø County mayor   Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 4 25,877 km² 8. ... County NO-10 Region Sørlandet Administrative centre Kristiansand County mayor Thore Westermoen Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 15 7,276 km² 2. ... County NO-07 Region Østlandet Administrative centre Tønsberg County mayor   Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 18 2,224 km² 0. ...