Fish anatomy is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of water, which is much denser than air, holds a relatively small amount of dissolved oxygen, and absorbs light more than air does. Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ...

Body

Lampanyctodes hectoris
(1) - operculum (gill cover), (2) - lateral line, (3) - dorsal fin, (4) - adipose fin, (5) - caudal peduncle, (6) - caudal fin, (7) - anal fin, (8) - photophores, (9) - pelvic fins (paired), (10) - pectoral fins (paired)

Fish have a variety of different body plans. Their body is divided into head, trunk, and tail, although the divisions are not always externally visible. The body is often fusiform, a streamlined body plan often found in fast-moving fish. They may also be filiform (eel-shaped) or vermiform (worm-shaped). Also, fish are often either laterally compressed (thin) or vertically depressed (flat). Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2154x898, 465 KB) based on :Image:Lampanyctodes hectoris (Hectors lanternfish). ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2154x898, 465 KB) based on :Image:Lampanyctodes hectoris (Hectors lanternfish). ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Fusiform is a spindle-like shape that tapers at both ends. ... Vermiform is an adjective meaning worm-like. ...

The caudal peduncle is the narrow part of the fish's body to which the caudal or tail fin is attached. The hypural joint is the joint between the caudal fin and the last of the vertebrae. The hypural is often fan-shaped. Fish anatomy is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of water, which is much denser than air, holds a relatively small amount of dissolved oxygen, and absorbs light more than does air. ...

Photophores are light-emitting organs which appears as luminous spots on some fishes. The light can be produced from compounds during the digestion of prey, from specialized mitochondrial cells in the organism called photocytes, or associated with symbiotic bacteria, and are used for attracting food or confusing predators. A photophore is a light-emitting organ which appears as luminous spots on various marine fishes. ... ... Common Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) in their Magnificent Sea Anemone (Heteractis magnifica) home. ... Phyla Actinobacteria Aquificae Chlamydiae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Lentisphaerae Nitrospirae Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Verrucomicrobia Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are unicellular microorganisms. ...

The lateral line is a sense organ used to detect movement and vibration in the surrounding water. In most species, it consists of a line of receptors running along each side of the fish. In fish, the lateral line is a sense organ used to detect movement in the surrounding water. ...

The ampullae of Lorenzini allow sharks to sense electrical discharges. The ampullae of Lorenzini are special sensing organs, forming a network of jelly-filled canals found on elasmobranchs (sharks and rays) and Chimaera. ...

The genital papilla is a small, fleshy tube behind the anus in some fishes, from which the sperm or eggs are released; the sex of a fish often can be determined by the shape of its papilla.

Head

Parts of the head

The head includes the snout, from the eye to the forwardmost point of the upper jaw, the operculum or gill cover (absent in sharks), and the cheek, which extends from eye to preopercle. The operculum and preopercle may or may not have spines. The lower jaw defines a chin. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 508 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (694 × 819 pixel, file size: 180 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Fish anatomy ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 508 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (694 × 819 pixel, file size: 180 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Fish anatomy ... A human eye Eyes are organs of vision that detect light. ... Human jaw front view Human jaw left view Human jaw top view The jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming, or near the entrance to, the mouth. ... The operculum in fish is the hard bony flap covering and protecting the gills of Bony fish. ... For other uses, see Gill (disambiguation). ... Look up Cheek in Wiktionary, the free dictionary The Cheeks are the fleshy area of the face below the eyes and between the nose and the left or right ear, the skin being suspended by the chin and the yaws. ... This article is about the human bone. ... Look up Chin in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

In lampreys, the mouth is formed into an oral disk. In most jawed fish, however, there are three general configurations. The mouth may be on the forward end of the head (terminal), may be upturned (superior), or may be turned downwards or on the bottom of the fish (subterminal or inferior). The mouth may be modified into a suckermouth adapted for clinging onto objects in fast-moving water. Subfamilies Geotriinae Mordaciinae Petromyzontinae A lamprey (sometimes also called lamprey eel) is a jawless fish with a toothed, funnel-like sucking mouth. ... In fishes, a suckermouth is a ventrally orientated (inferior) mouth adapted for grazing on algae and small organisms that grow on submerged objects. ...

Positions of the fish's mouths:
(a) - terminal,
(b) - superior,
(c) - subterminal, inferior

The head may have several fleshy structures known as barbels, which may be very long and resemble whiskers. Many fish species also have a variety of protrusions or spines on the head. The nostrils or nares of almost all fishes do not connect to the oral cavity, but are pits of varying shape and depth. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... This koi carp has two pairs of barbels, the second pair being quite small. ... A nostril is one of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they bifurcate to the external opening. ... This article is about nares, the scientific term for a birds or a frogs([[for Mr. ...

Teeth

Fish that feed on plankton and those with tube-shaped mouths (the Syngnathidae) may lack teeth. All other fish have teeth, in a wide range of configurations. The teeth are classified according to the bones they sit on:^[1][2] Photomontage of plankton organisms Plankton are any drifting organism that inhabits the water column of oceans, seas, and bodies of fresh water. ... Syngnathidae is a family of fishes, including seahorses, pipehorse, pipefish and sea dragons, among others. ...

• Premaxillary and maxillary teeth are on the upper jaw, and may extend to the very edges of their mouths.
• Mandibulars are associated with the dental bone in the lower jaw.
• Vomerine, palatine, ectopterygoid, and parasphenoid teeth are in the palate.
• Pharyngeal teeth located in the branchial bones of their throat, and are present in many species.

Some species, including salmonidae and osteoglossidae (meaning bony tongues), also have sharp teeth on dental plates on their tongue. Shark teeth are particularly unusual, having developed as modified scales.^[3] Genera (see text) Salmonidae is a family of ray-finned fish, the only family of order Salmoniformes. ... Arowana - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ...

Tooth form is generally optimized for dietary function. Predatory fish may have sharp conical teeth, called canine (dog) teeth to hold prey. They generally hold a struggling baitfish until it is weakened, and then swallow it. Pharyngeal teeth help to block prey from escaping the throat. Non-predatory fish may have very different shapes of teeth; corallivorous have grinding teeth, and Scaridae (parrot fish) have plates of fused teeth for breaking coral.^[1][2] Genera Bolbometopon Calotomus Cetoscarus Chlorurus Cryptotomus Hipposcarus Leptoscarus Nicholsina Scarus Sparisoma Parrotfish are mostly tropical, perciform marine fish of the family Scaridae. ...

Fins

The fins are the most distinctive features of a fish. A fin is a surface used to produce lift and thrust or to steer while traveling in water, air, or other fluid media. ...

Spines and rays

In bony fish, most fins may have spines or rays. A fin can contain only spiny rays, only soft rays, or a combination of both. If both are present, the spiny rays are always anterior. Spines are generally stiff and sharp. Rays are generally soft, flexible, segmented, and may be branched. This segmentation of rays is the main difference that separates them from spines; spines may be flexible in certain species, but they will never be segmented. In sciences dealing with the anatomy of animals, precise anatomical terms of location are necessary for a variety of reasons. ...

Spines have a variety of uses. In catfish, they are used as a form of defense; many catfish have the ability to lock their spines outwards. Triggerfish also use spines to lock themselves in crevices to prevent being pulled out. Families Akysidae Amblycipitidae Amphiliidae Anchariidae Andinichthyidae â€  Ariidae Aspredinidae Astroblepidae Auchenipteridae Austroglanididae Bagridae Callichthyidae Cetopsidae Chacidae Clariidae Claroteidae Cranoglanididae Diplomystidae Doradidae Erethistidae Heptapteridae Hypsidoridae â€  Ictaluridae Lacantuniidae Loricariidae Malapteruridae Mochokidae Nematogenyiidae Pangasiidae Pimelodidae Plotosidae Pseudopimelodidae Schilbeidae Scoloplacidae Siluridae Sisoridae Trichomycteridae incertae sedis   Conorhynchos   Horabagrus   Phreatobius Catfish (order Siluriformes) are a very diverse... Genera See text. ...

Types of fins

• dorsal fins are located on the back. A fish can have up to three of them. The dorsal fin serves to protect the fish against rolling and assist in sudden turns and stops.
  • In anglerfish, the anterior of the dorsal fin is modified into an illicium and esca, a biological equivalent to a fishing pole and a lure.
• The caudal fin is the tail fin, located at the end of the caudal peduncle.
  

  

  types of caudal fin :
  (A) - Heterocercal, (B) - Protocercal,
  (C) - Homocercal, (D) - Diphycercal
  • The tail can be heterocercal, which means that the vertebrae extend into a larger lobe of the tail or that the tail is asymmetrical
    • Epicercal means that the upper lobe is longer (as in sharks)
    • Hypocercal means that the lower lobe is longer (as in flying fish)
  • Protocercal means that the caudal fin extends around the vertebral column, present in embryonic fish and hagfish. This is not to be confused with a caudal fin that has fused with the dorsal and anal fins to form a contiguous fin.
  • Diphycercal refers to the special, three-lobed caudal fin of the coelacanth and lungfish where the vertebrae extend all the way to the end of the tail.
  • Most fish have a homocercal tail, where the vertebrae do not extend into a lobe and the fin is more or less symmetrical. This can be expressed in a variety of shapes.
    • The tail fin may be rounded at the end.
    • The tail fin may be truncated, or end in a more-or-less vertical edge (such as in salmon).
    • The tail fin may be forked, or end in two prongs.
    • The tail fin may be emarginate, or with a slight inward curve.
    • The tail fin may be lunate, or shaped like a crescent moon.
• The anal fin is located on the ventral surface behind the anus. This fin is used to stabilize the fish while swimming.
• The paired pectoral fins are located on each side, usually just behind the operculum, and are homologous to the forelimbs of tetrapods.
  • A peculiar function of pectoral fins, highly developed in some fish, is the creation of the dynamic lifting force that assists, e.g., sharks, in maintaining depths and enables the flight for flying fish.
    

    Bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus showing finlets and keels.
    Drawing by Dr Tony Ayling
  • In many fish, the pectoral fins aid in walking, especially in the lobe-like fins of some anglerfish and in the mudskipper.
  • Certain rays of the pectoral fins may be adapted into finger-like projections, such as in sea robins and flying gurnards.
    • The "horns" of manta rays and their relatives are called cephalic fins; this is actually a modification of the anterior portion of the pectoral fin.
• The paired pelvic or ventral fins are located ventrally below the pectoral fins. They are homologous to the hindlimbs of tetrapods.
  • In gobies, the pelvic fins are often fused into a single sucker disk. This can be used to attach to objects.
• The adipose fin is a soft, fleshy fin found on the back behind the dorsal fin and just forward of the caudal fin. It is absent in many fish families, but is found in Salmonidae, characins and catfishes.
• Some types of fast-swimming fish have a horizontal caudal keel just forward of the tail fin. This is a lateral ridge on the caudal peduncle, usually composed of scutes (see below), that provides stability and support to the caudal fin. There may be a single paired keel, one on each side, or two pairs above and below.
• Finlets are small fins, generally behind the dorsal and anal fins (in bichirs, there are only finlets on the dorsal surface and no dorsal fin). In some fish such as tuna or sauries, they are rayless, non-retractable, and found between the last dorsal and/or anal fin and the caudal fin.

For every fin, there are a number of fish species in which this particular fin has been lost during evolution. Dorsal fin of an orca A dorsal fin is a fin located on the backs of fishes, whales, dolphins, and porpoises, as well as the (extinct) ichthyosaurs. ... Suborders Antennarioidei Lophioidei Ogcocephalioidei See text for families. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Genera Cheilopogon Cypselurus Danichthys Exocoetus Fodiator Hirundichthys Oxyporhamphus Parexocoetus Prognichthys The Execoetidae or flyingfishes are a marine fish family comprising about 70 species grouped in 7 to 9 genera. ... Genera Eptatretus Myxine Nemamyxine Neomyxine Notomyxine Paramyxine Quadratus This article is about the Hagfish. ... Families See text. ... Orders See text. ... In sciences dealing with the anatomy of animals, precise anatomical terms of location are necessary for a variety of reasons. ... Female Human Anatomy Male Human Anatomy This article is about the bodily orifice. ... In biology, homology is any similarity between structures that is due to their shared ancestry. ... Groups See text. ... The prevailing type of fish locomotion is swimming in water. ... Orders Carcharhiniformes Heterodontiformes Hexanchiformes Lamniformes Orectolobiformes Pristiophoriformes Squaliformes Squatiniformes Symmoriida(extinct) Sharks (superorder Selachimorpha) are fish with a full cartilaginous skeleton[1] and a streamlined body. ... A hummingbird Female Mallard Duck in midflight A dragonfly in flight Flight is the process by which an object achieves sustained movement either through the air by aerodynamically generating lift or aerostatically using buoyancy, or movement beyond earths atmosphere, in the case of spaceflight. ... Genera Cheilopogon Cypselurus Danichthys Exocoetus Fodiator Hirundichthys Oxyporhamphus Parexocoetus Prognichthys The Execoetidae or flyingfishes are a marine fish family comprising about 70 species grouped in 7 to 9 genera. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (576x640, 9 KB) Thunnus obesus (Bigeye tuna) cropped diagram File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Fish anatomy ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (576x640, 9 KB) Thunnus obesus (Bigeye tuna) cropped diagram File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Fish anatomy ... Binomial name Thunnus obesus (Lowe, 1839) The Bigeye Tuna (Thunnus obesus) is an important food fish, a type of tuna of the family Scombridae. ... A mudskipper, a type of walking fish, perched on land. ... Mudskippers are members of the olmeferous family Oxudercinae (tribe: Periophthalmini[1]), within the family Gobiidae (Gobies). ... Genera Aspitrigla Bellator Chelidonichthys Eutrigla Lepidotrigla Prionotus Pterygotrigla Trigla See text for species. ... The flying gurnards are a family (Dactylopteridae) of marine fish notable for their greatly enlarged pectoral fins, which they use to walk along sandy sea floors while looking for crustaceans and other small invertebrates. ... Binomial name Manta birostris Dondorff, 1798 Hello wikipedia. ... In biology, homology is any similarity between structures that is due to their shared ancestry. ... Groups See text. ... Subfamilies Amblyopinae Gobiinae Gobionellinae Oxudercinae Sicydiinae See also list of Gobiidae genera The gobies form the family Gobiidae, which is one of the largest families of fish, with more than 2,000 species in more than 200 genera. ... Genera (see text) Salmonidae is a family of ray-finned fish, the only family of order Salmoniformes. ... Genera Subfamily Alestiinae - African tetras  Alestes (or Brycinus)  Hydrocynus  Micralestes  Phenacogrammus  Rhabdalestes  and 13 other genera Subfamily Characidiinae  8 genera Subfamily Characinae  Acestrorhynchus - Pike characins  Aphyocharax  Boehlkea  Chalceus  Charax  Cynodo  Exodon  Hasemania  Hydrolycus  Nematobrycon  Petitella  Priocharax  Rhaphiodon  Roeboides  Thayeria  ... Subfamily Crenuchinae  Crenuchus  Poecilocharax Subfamily Glandulocaudinae  16 genera Subfamily Iguanodectinae  Iguanodectes... Families Akysidae Amblycipitidae Amphiliidae Anchariidae Andinichthyidae â€  Ariidae Aspredinidae Astroblepidae Auchenipteridae Austroglanididae Bagridae Callichthyidae Cetopsidae Chacidae Clariidae Claroteidae Cranoglanididae Diplomystidae Doradidae Erethistidae Heptapteridae Hypsidoridae â€  Ictaluridae Lacantuniidae Loricariidae Malapteruridae Mochokidae Nematogenyiidae Pangasiidae Pimelodidae Plotosidae Pseudopimelodidae Schilbeidae Scoloplacidae Siluridae Sisoridae Trichomycteridae incertae sedis   Conorhynchos   Horabagrus   Phreatobius Catfish (order Siluriformes) are a very diverse... Genera Erpetoichthys Polypterus See text for species. ... A shoal of skipjack tuna Tuna are several species of ocean-dwelling fish in the family Scombridae, mostly in the genus Thunnus. ... Genera See text for genera and species. ...

Internal fertilization

In many species of fish, fins have been modified to allow internal fertilization.

A gonopodium is a modified anal fin in males of certain species of live-bearing fish in the families Anablepidae and Poeciliidae. It is movable and used to impregnate females during mating. The male's anal fin’s 3rd, 4th and 5th rays are formed into a tube like structure in which the sperm of the fish is ejected. In some species, the gonopodium may be as much as 50% of the total body length. Occasionally the fin is too long to be used, as in the "lyretail" breeds of Xiphophorus helleri. Hormone treated females may develop gonopodia. These are useless for breeding. One finds similar organs having the same characteristics in other types of fish, for example the andropodium in the Hemirhamphodon or in the Goodeidae. [[{{{diversity_link}}}|Diversity]] {{{diversity}}} Binomial name {{{binomial}}} Trinomial name {{{trinomial}}} Type Species {{{type_species}}} Genera Anableps Jenynsia Oxyzygonectes [[Image:{{{range_map}}}|{{{range_map_width}}}|]] Synonyms {{{synonyms}}} Four-eyed fishes, or Anablepidae, are a small group of freshwater and brackish water fishes living on river estuaries in Central and South America. ... Genera Alfaro Belonesox Brachyrhapis Cnesterodon Gambusia (mosquitofishes) Girardichthys Girardinus Heterandria Heterophallus Jenynsia Limia Micropoecilia Phallichthys Phalloceros Phalloptychus Platypoecilus Poecilia (mollies) Poeciliopsis Priapella Pseudoxiphophorus Quitana Xiphophorus (swordtails, platys) Poeciliidae is a family of fresh-water fishes which are live-bearing aquarium fish (they give birth to live young). ... Binomial name Xiphophorus hellerii Heckel, 1848 The green swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii) is a species of freshwater fish in family Poecilidae of order Cyprinodontiformes. ... Species Hemirhamphodon is a genus of halfbeak found in peaty and lowland forest streams in Southeast Asia. ... Genera Allodontichthys Allophorus Allotoca Ameca Ataeniobus Chapalichthys Characodon Crenichthys Empetrichthys Gerardinichthys Goodea Hubbsina Ilyodon Neoophorus Skiffia Xenoophorus Xenotaenia Xenotoca Zoogoneticus The Splitfins or Goodeids are the family Goodeidae of bony fish. ...

When ready for mating, the gonopodium becomes “erect” and points forward, towards the female. The male shortly inserts the organ into the sex opening of the female, with hook-like adaptations that allow the fish to grip onto the female to insure impregnation. If a female remains stationary and her partner contacts her vent with his gonopodium, she is fertilized. The sperm is preserved in the female's oviduct. This allows females to, at any time, fertilize themselves without further assistance of males.

Male cartilaginous fish have claspers modified from pelvic fins. These are intromittent organs, used to channel semen into the female's cloaca during copulation. Orders see text The Chondrichthyes or cartilaginous fishes are jawed fish with paired fins, paired nostrils, scales, two-chambered hearts, and skeletons made of cartilage. ... In zoological anatomy, a cloaca is the posterior opening that serves as the only such opening for the intestinal, urinary, and genital tracts of certain animal species. ...

Skin

The outer body of many fish is covered with scales. Some species are covered instead by scutes. Others have no outer covering on the skin; these are called naked fish. Most fish are covered in a protective layer of slime (mucus). In this SEM image of a butterfly wing the scales are clearly visible, and the tiny platelets on each individual scale are just barely visible in the striping. ... A scute (Latin scutum, shield) is a horny, chitinous, or bony external plate or scale, as on the shell of a turtle or the underside of a snake. ...

There are four types of fish scales.

1. Placoid scales, also called dermal denticles, are similar to teeth in that they are made of dentin covered by enamel. They are typical of sharks and rays.
2. Ganoid scales are flat, basal-looking scales that cover a fish body with little overlapping. They are typical of gar and bichirs.
3. Cycloid scales are small oval-shaped scales with growth rings. Bowfin and remora have cycloid scales.
4. Ctenoid scales are similar to the cycloid scales, with growth rings. They are distinguished by spines that cover one edge. Halibut have this type of scale.

Another, less common, type of scale is the scute, which is: Denticles or placoid scales are small outgrowths which cover the skin of many cartilaginous fish including sharks. ... Parts of a tooth, including dentin Dentin (BE: dentine) is the substance between enamel (substance in the crown) or cementum (substance in the root) of a tooth and the pulp chamber. ... Tooth enamel is the hardest and most highly mineralized substance of the body , and with dentin, cementum, and dental pulp is one of the four major parts of the tooth. ... Orders Carcharhiniformes Heterodontiformes Hexanchiformes Lamniformes Orectolobiformes Pristiophoriformes Squaliformes Squatiniformes Symmoriida(extinct) Sharks (superorder Selachimorpha) are fish with a full cartilaginous skeleton[1] and a streamlined body. ... Radiation has a variety of different meanings. ... Species Atractosteus spatula Atractosteus tristoechus Atractosteus tropicus Lepisosteus oculatus Lepisosteus osseus Lepisosteus platostomus Lepisosteus platyrhincus In American English the name gar (or garpike) is strictly applied to members of the Lepisosteidae, a family including seven living species of fish in two genera that inhabit fresh, brackish, and occasionally marine, waters... Genera Erpetoichthys Polypterus See text for species. ... Binomial name Amia calva Linnaeus, 1766 The bowfins are an order (Amiiformes) of primitive ray-finned fish. ... Genera Echeneis Phtheiricthys Remora Remorina See text for species. ... Fiorello LaGuardia with a 300-pound halibut at the Fulton Fish Market. ...

• an external shield-like bony plate, or
• a modified, thickened scale that often is keeled or spiny, or
• a projecting, modified (rough and strongly ridged) scale, usually associated with the lateral line, or on the caudal peduncle forming caudal keels, or along the ventral profile. Some fish, such as pineconefish, are completely or partially covered in scutes.

Genera Cleidopus Monocentris Pineconefish are small and unusual beryciform marine fish of the family Monocentridae. ...

Internal organs

• The gas bladder, or swim bladder, is an internal organ that contributes to the ability of a fish to control its buoyancy, and thus to stay at the current water depth, ascend, or descend without having to waste energy in swimming. It is often absent in fast swimming fishes such as the tuna and mackerel families.
• Certain groups of fish have modifications to allow them to hear, such as the Weberian apparatus of Ostariophysians.
• The gills, located under the operculum, are a respiratory organ for the extraction of oxygen from water and for the excretion of carbon dioxide. They are not usually visible, but can be seen in some species, such as the frilled shark.
• The labyrinth organ of Anabantoidei and Clariidae is used to allow the fish to extract oxygen from the air.
• Gill rakers are bony, finger-like projections of the gill arch filaments which function in filter-feeders in retaining food organisms.
• Electric fish are able to produce electric fields by modified muscles in their body.
• Many fish species are hermaphrodites. Synchronous hermaphrodites possess both ovaries and testes at the same time. Sequential hermaphrodites have both types of tissue in their gonads, with one type being predominant while the fish belongs to the corresponding gender.^[4]

The gas bladder of a Rudd The gas bladder (also fish maw, less accurately swim bladder or air bladder) is an internal organ that contributes to the ability of a fish to control its buoyancy, and thus to stay at the current water depth, ascend, or descend without having to... The Weberian apparatus is a set of bones that transmit vibrations to the inner ear of some fish. ... Orders Gonorynchiformes Cypriniformes Characiformes Gymnotiformes Siluriformes Ostariophysi is a superorder of fish. ... In aquatic organisms, gills are a respiratory organ for the extraction of oxygen from water and for the excretion of carbon dioxide. ... In Biology operculum (Latin for little lid) has been used to describe several completely separate features. ... Binomial name Chlamydoselachus anguineus Garman, 1884 The frilled shark, Chlamydoselachus anguineus, is a primitive shark species, of the family Chlamydoselachidae in the order Hexanchiformes. ... Families[1] Anabantidae Helostomatidae Osphronemidae The Anabantoidei or labyrinth fishes are a suborder of perciform ray-finned fishes distinguished by their possession of a lung-like labyrinth organ, which enables them to breathe air. ... Genera Allabenchelys Channallabes Clariallabes Clarias Dinotopteroides Dinotopterus Dolichallabes Encheloclarias Gymnallabes Heterobranchus Horaglanis Platyallabes Platyclarias Tanganikallabes Uegitglanis Xenoclarias Xenoglanis Airbreathing catfishes are fishes comprising the family Clariidae. ... An electric fish is a fish that can generate electric field]s. ... The 1st-century BC sculpture The Reclining Hermaphrodite, in the Museo Nazionale Romano, Palazzo Massimo Alle Terme in Rome A hermaphrodite is an organism that possesses both male and female sex organs during its life. ... For ovary as part of plants see ovary (plants) Ovaries are egg-producing reproductive organs found in female organisms. ... The testicle (from Latin testis, meaning witness [1], plural testes) is the male generative gland in animals. ... The gonad is the organ that makes gametes. ...

See also

• Fish development
• Ichthyology terms
• Fish measurement

Zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio). ... Ichthyology uses several terms that are unique to the science. ... Fish are commonly measured in several ways. ...

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Alimentation. Comparative anatomy of the digestive system in fish.
2. ^ ^{a b} Schultz, Ken. Ken Schultz's Field Guide to Saltwater Fish: Fish Anatomy (Excerpt). Wiley, 2003-10-31. ISBN 978-0-471-44995-9. Retrieved on 2007-07-17.
3. ^ Moss, Melvin L., Sheila J. Jones, and Karl A. Piez. Calcified Ectodermal Collagens of Shark Tooth Enamel and Teleost Scale (Abstract). Science 1964-08-28: Vol. 145. no. 3635, pp. 940 - 942. Retrieved on 2007-07-17.
4. ^ Gilbert, Scott F. (1994). Developmental Biology, 4th edition, Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates, Inc., p. 781. ISBN 0878932496. 

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