Fistula
Classification & external resources | MeSH | D005402 | In medicine, a fistula (pl. fistulas or fistulae) is an abnormal connection or passageway between two epithelium-lined organs or vessels that normally do not connect. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ...
Location of fistulas Fistulas can develop in various parts of the body. The following list is sorted by the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ...
H: Diseases of the eye, adnexa, ear, and mastoid process - (H04.6) Lacrimal fistula
- (H70.1) Mastoid fistula
- (H83.1) Labyrinthine fistula
The cranial cavity is the relatively large space formed inside the skull. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
A perilymph fistula is leakage of inner ear fluid into the air filled middle ear. ...
For an alternative meaning, see ear (botany). ...
I: Diseases of the circulatory system An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein. ...
It has been suggested that Pulmonary loop be merged into this article or section. ...
The heart and lungs (from an older edition of Grays Anatomy) The lung is an organ belonging to the respiratory system and interfacing to the circulatory system of air-breathing vertebrates. ...
A shunt in general is a sort of relief valve, or diverter. ...
Human blood smear: a - erythrocytes; b - neutrophil; c - eosinophil; d - lymphocyte. ...
An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein. ...
An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein. ...
Section of an artery For other uses, see Artery (disambiguation). ...
J: Diseases of the respiratory system A tracheoesophageal fistula is a connection (fistula) between the esophagus and the trachea. ...
Tracheotomy is a surgical procedure used to cut a hole in the trachea through which a small tube is inserted. ...
K: Diseases of the digestive system Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1536x2048, 1003 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Fistula Biliary fistula Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1536x2048, 1003 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Fistula Biliary fistula Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used...
The salivary glands produce saliva, which keeps the mouth and other parts of the digestive system moist. ...
In anatomy, the stomach is a bean-shaped hollow muscular organ of the gastrointestinal tract involved in the second phase of digestion, following mastication. ...
In anatomy of the digestive system, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube connecting the stomach to the jejunum. ...
In anatomy of the digestive system, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube connecting the stomach to the jejunum. ...
Diagram of the Human Intestine In anatomy of the digestive system, the jejunum is the central of the three divisions of the small intestine and lies between the duodenum and the ileum. ...
Grays Fig. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Large intestine. ...
Look up appendix in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
In anatomy, the stomach is a bean-shaped hollow muscular organ of the gastrointestinal tract involved in the second phase of digestion, following mastication. ...
// K00-K93 - Diseases of the digestive system (K00-K14) Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (K00) Disorders of tooth development and eruption (K01) Embedded and impacted teeth (K02) Dental caries (K03) Other diseases of hard tissues of teeth (K04) Diseases of pulp and periapical tissues (K040) Pulpitis (K05...
An anal fistula kinda like anal fisting but you leak feces on your pants. ...
// K00-K93 - Diseases of the digestive system (K00-K14) Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (K00) Disorders of tooth development and eruption (K01) Embedded and impacted teeth (K02) Dental caries (K03) Other diseases of hard tissues of teeth (K04) Diseases of pulp and periapical tissues (K040) Pulpitis (K05...
This page may meet Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ...
The rectum (from the Latin rectum intestinum, meaning straight intestine) is the final straight portion of the large intestine in some mammals, and the gut in others, terminating in the anus. ...
Anorectal is a class of medical conditions. ...
Beyond overall skin structure, refer below to: See-also. ...
Horse feces Feces, faeces, or fæces (see spelling differences) is a waste product from an animals digestive tract expelled through the anus (or cloaca) during defecation. ...
This article is about the bodily orifice. ...
// K00-K93 - Diseases of the digestive system (K00-K14) Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (K00) Disorders of tooth development and eruption (K01) Embedded and impacted teeth (K02) Dental caries (K03) Other diseases of hard tissues of teeth (K04) Diseases of pulp and periapical tissues (K040) Pulpitis (K05...
An anal fistula is an abnormal connection between the epithelialised surface of the anal canal and (usually) the perianal skin. ...
// K00-K93 - Diseases of the digestive system (K00-K14) Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (K00) Disorders of tooth development and eruption (K01) Embedded and impacted teeth (K02) Dental caries (K03) Other diseases of hard tissues of teeth (K04) Diseases of pulp and periapical tissues (K040) Pulpitis (K05...
This page may meet Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ...
In anatomy, the intestine is the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. ...
In anatomy, the intestine is the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. ...
The gallbladder (or cholecyst, sometimes gall bladder) is a pear-shaped organ that stores about 50 ml of bile (or gall) until the body needs it for digestion. ...
A bile duct is any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile. ...
A biliary fistula, a type of fistula where bile leaks from the bile ducts into outside areas, can occur as a complication following biliary trauma, either iatrogenic or a result of a penetrating injury. ...
Bile (or gall) is a bitter, yellow or green alkaline fluid secreted by hepatocytes from the liver of most vertebrates. ...
The gallbladder (or cholecyst, sometimes gall bladder) is a pear-shaped organ that stores about 50 ml of bile (or gall) until the body needs it for digestion. ...
A pancreatic fistula is an abnormal communication between the pancreas (actually pancreatic duct) and the exterior of the body via the abdominal wall. ...
The pancreas is a gland organ in the digestive and endocrine systems of vertebrates[2]. It is both exocrine (secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes) and endocrine (producing several important hormones, including insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin). ...
The abdomen (from the Latin word meaning belly) is the part of the body between the pelvis and the thorax. ...
M: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue For other uses, see Joint (disambiguation). ...
N: Diseases of the genitourinary system - (N32.1) Vesicointestinal fistula
- (N36.0) Urethral fistula
- (N64.0) Fistula of nipple
- (N82) Fistulae involving female genital tract / Obstetric fistula
- (N82.0) Vesicovaginal fistula: between the bladder and the vagina
- (N82.1) Other female urinary-genital tract fistulae
- Cervical fistula: abnormal opening in the cervix
- (N82.2) Fistula of vagina to small intestine
- (N82.3) Fistula of vagina to large intestine
- (N82.4) Other female intestinal-genital tract fistulae
- (N82.5) Female genital tract-skin fistulae
- (N82.8) Other female genital tract fistulae
- (N82.9) Female genital tract fistula, unspecified
A Vesicointestinal fistula (or intestinovesical fistula) is a form of fistula that forms between the bladder and the bowels. ...
The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...
Obstetric fistula is a severe medical condition in which a fistula (hole) develops between either the rectum and vagina (see rectovaginal fistula) or between the bladder and vagina (see vesicovaginal fistula) after severe or failed childbirth, when adequate medical care is not available. ...
Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is a subtype of female urogenital fistula (UGF). ...
In anatomy, the urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular, and distensible (or elastic) organ that sits on the pelvic floor in mammals. ...
The vagina, (from Latin, literally sheath or scabbard ) is the tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles. ...
The cervix (from Latin neck) is the lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina. ...
In anatomy, the intestine is the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. ...
The vagina, (from Latin, literally sheath or scabbard ) is the tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles. ...
A rectovaginal fistula is a medical condition where there is a fistula or abnormal connection between the rectum and the vagina. ...
A rectovaginal fistula is a medical condition where there is a fistula or abnormal connection between the rectum and the vagina. ...
The rectum (from the Latin rectum intestinum, meaning straight intestine) is the final straight portion of the large intestine in some mammals, and the gut in others, terminating in the anus. ...
The vagina, (from Latin, literally sheath or scabbard ) is the tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles. ...
Q: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities Sinus may refer to: In anatomy, where a sinus is a sac or cavity in any organ or tissue: Paranasal sinus, an air cavity in the cranial bones, especially those near the nose Sinus (anatomy), description of the general term Anal sinuses, the furrows which separate the columns in the...
A cyst (soft c, rhymes with list) is a cloed sac having a distinct membrane and division on the nearby tissue. ...
In the development of vertebrate animals, the branchial arches (or pharyngeal arches) develop during the fourth and fifth week in utero as a series of mesodermal outpouchings on the left and right sides of the developing pharynx. ...
A congenital disorder is a medical condition or defect that is present at or before birth (for example, congenital heart disease). ...
For other uses, see Ear (disambiguation). ...
The portal vein is a major vein in the human body draining blood from the digestive system and its associated glands. ...
Hepatic artery is an artery that distributes blood to the liver, pancreas and gallbladder as well as to the stomach and duodenal portion of the small intestine. ...
A congenital disorder is a medical condition or defect that is present at or before birth (for example, congenital heart disease). ...
For other uses, see Lip (disambiguation). ...
A congenital disorder is a medical condition or defect that is present at or before birth (for example, congenital heart disease). ...
The salivary glands produce saliva, which keeps the mouth and other parts of the digestive system moist. ...
A congenital disorder is a medical condition or defect that is present at or before birth (for example, congenital heart disease). ...
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Atresia is a condition in which a body orifice or passage in the body is abnormally closed or absent. ...
A stenosis is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure. ...
The rectum (from the Latin rectum intestinum, meaning straight intestine) is the final straight portion of the large intestine in some mammals, and the gut in others, terminating in the anus. ...
A congenital disorder is a medical condition or defect that is present at or before birth (for example, congenital heart disease). ...
...
Atresia is a condition in which a body orifice or passage in the body is abnormally closed or absent. ...
A stenosis is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure. ...
This article is about the bodily orifice. ...
A congenital disorder is a medical condition or defect that is present at or before birth (for example, congenital heart disease). ...
The rectum (from the Latin rectum intestinum, meaning straight intestine) is the final straight portion of the large intestine in some mammals, and the gut in others, terminating in the anus. ...
This article is about the bodily orifice. ...
A congenital disorder is a medical condition or defect that is present at or before birth (for example, congenital heart disease). ...
This article is about female reproductive anatomy. ...
Digestion is the process whereby a biological entity processes a substance, in order to chemically convert the substance into nutrients. ...
A congenital disorder is a medical condition or defect that is present at or before birth (for example, congenital heart disease). ...
A rectovaginal fistula is a medical condition where there is a fistula or abnormal connection between the rectum and the vagina. ...
T: External causes - (T14.5) Traumatic arteriovenous fistula
- (T81.8) Persistent postoperative fistula
Types of fistulas Various types of fistulas include: - Blind: with only one open end
- Complete: with both external and internal openings
- Incomplete: a fistula with an external skin opening, which does not connect to any internal organ
Although most fistulas are in forms of a tube, some can also have multiple branches.
Causes Various causes of fistula are: - Medical treatment: Complications from gallbladder surgery can lead to biliary fistula. Radiation therapy can lead to vesicovaginal fistula. An arteriovenous fistula can be deliberately created, as described below in therapeutic use.
- Trauma: Head trauma can lead to perilymph fistulas, whereas trauma to other parts of the body can cause arteriovenous fistulas. Obstructed labor can lead to vesicovaginal and rectovaginal fistulas. An obstetric fistula develops when blood supply to the tissues of the vagina and the bladder (and/or rectum) is cut off during prolonged obstructed labor. The tissues die and a hole forms through which urine and/or feces pass uncontrollably. Vesicovaginal and rectovaginal fistulas may also be caused by rape, in particular gang rape, as evidenced by the abnormally high number of women in conflict areas who have suffered fistulae.[citation needed]
- In 2003, thousands of women in eastern Congo presented themselves for treatment of traumatic fistula caused by systematic, violent gang rape that occurred during the country's five years of war. So many cases have been reported that the destruction of the vagina is considered a war injury and recorded by doctors as a crime of combat.
Crohns disease (also known as regional enteritis) is a chronic, episodic, inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by transmural inflammation (affecting the entire wall of the involved bowel) and skip lesions (areas of inflammation with areas of normal lining between). ...
Hidradenitis suppurativa or HS is a skin disease that affects areas bearing apocrine sweat glands and hair follicles; such as the underarms, groin and buttocks, and under the breasts in women. ...
A perilymph fistula is leakage of inner ear fluid into the air filled middle ear. ...
Obstetric fistula is a severe medical condition in which a fistula (hole) develops between either the rectum and vagina (see rectovaginal fistula) or between the bladder and vagina (see vesicovaginal fistula) after severe or failed childbirth, when adequate medical care is not available. ...
Treatment Treatment for fistulae varies depending on the cause and extent of the fistula, but often involves surgical intervention combined with antibiotic therapy. Staphylococcus aureus - Antibiotics test plate. ...
Typically the first step in treating a fistula is an examination by a doctor to determine the extent and "path" that the fistula takes through the tissue.
In some cases the fistula is temporarily covered, for example a fistula caused by cleft palate is often treated with a palatal obturator to delay the need for surgery to a more appropriate age. There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...
Surgery is often required to assure adequate drainage of the fistula (so that pus may escape without forming an abscess). Various surgical procedures are commonly used, most commonly fistulotomy, placement of a seton (a cord that is passed through the path of the fistula to keep it open for draining), or an endorectal flap procedure (where healthy tissue is pulled over the internal side of the fistula to keep feces or other material from reinfecting the channel). Treatments involving filling the fistula with fibrin glue or plugging it with plugs made of porcine small intestine submucosa have also been explored in recent years, with variable success. Surgery for anorectal fistulae is not without side effects, including recurrence, reinfection, and incontinence. For the UK punk rock band, see P*U*S. PUS is also the IATA code for Gimhae International Airport. ...
For the death metal band, see Abscess (band). ...
A Fistulotomy is the surgical opening or removal of a fistulus tract. ...
A seton or seton stitch is a medical term for a procedure used to aid the healing of fistulae. ...
It is important to note that surgical treatment of a fistula without diagnosis or management of the underlying condition, if any, is not recommended. For example, surgical treatment of fistulae in Crohn's disease can be effective, but if the Crohn's disease itself is not treated, the rate of recurrence of fistula is very high (well above 50%). Crohns disease (also known as regional enteritis) is a chronic, episodic, inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by transmural inflammation (affecting the entire wall of the involved bowel) and skip lesions (areas of inflammation with areas of normal lining between). ...
Therapeutic use In end stage renal failure patients, a cimino fistula is often deliberately created in the arm by means of a short day surgery in order to permit easier withdrawal of blood for hemodialysis. Chronic renal failure (CRF, or chronic kidney failure, CKF, or chronic kidney disease, CKD) is a slowly progressive loss of renal function over a period of months or years and defined as an abnormally low glomerular filtration rate, which is usually determined indirectly by the creatinine level in blood serum. ...
An AV fistula. ...
It has been suggested that Artificial kidney be merged into this article or section. ...
As a radical treatment for portal hypertension, surgical creation of a portacaval fistula produces an anastomosis between the hepatic portal vein and the inferior vena cava across the omental foramen (of Winslow). This spares the portal venous system from high pressure which can cause esophageal varices, caput madusae, and hemorrhoids. In medicine, portal hypertension is hypertension (high blood pressure) in the portal vein and its branches. ...
The portal vein is a major vein in the human body draining blood from the digestive system and its associated glands. ...
This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. ...
See also // Anastomosis (plural anastomoses) refers to a form of network in which streams both branch out and reconnect. ...
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