Cook's Cottage in the Fitzroy Gardens.

The Fitzroy Gardens are 26 hectares located on the southeastern edge of the Melbourne Central Business District in East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The gardens are bounded by Clarendon Street, Albert Street, Lansdowne Street, and Wellington Parade with the Treasury Gardens across Lansdowne street to the west. Download high resolution version (2103x1909, 1322 KB)Captain Cooks Cottage Fitzroy Gardens, Melbourne Australia. ... Download high resolution version (2103x1909, 1322 KB)Captain Cooks Cottage Fitzroy Gardens, Melbourne Australia. ... The Hoddle Grid is the layout of the streets of the central business district of Melbourne, Australia. ... East Melbourne is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Motto: Peace and Prosperity Nickname: Garden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Melbourne Government Governor Premier Const. ... The Treasury Gardens consist of 58,000 square metres on the south-eastern side of the Melbourne Central Business District, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...

The gardens are one of the major Victorian era landscaped gardens in Australia and add to Melbourne's claim to being the garden city of Australia. Set within the gardens are: Queen Victoria (shown here on the morning of her Accession to the Throne, June 20, 1837) gave her name to the historic era. ... Melbourne is the capital and largest city of the state of Victoria, and the second largest city in Australia, with a population of 52,117 in the City of Melbourne (which covers only the central city area), and 3,488,750 in the Melbourne metropolitan area (census 2001 [1]). The...

Fairies Tree in the Fitzroy Gardens.

• an ornamental lake
• kiosk and cafe
• Conservatory
• Cooks' Cottage - a house where James Cook reputedly spent some years of his childhood.
• Sinclair’s Cottage (Visitor information)
• Model Tudor village
• Fountains and sculptures
• Band Pavilion
• the Rotunda
• the fairy tree

Download high resolution version (1600x1856, 794 KB)The Fairies tree in the Fitzroy Gardens, Melbourne. ... Download high resolution version (1600x1856, 794 KB)The Fairies tree in the Fitzroy Gardens, Melbourne. ... British explorer James Cook, portrait by Nathaniel Dance, c. ...

Horticulture

The gardens were initially designed by Clement Hodgkinson and planted by park gardener, James Sinclair, as a dense woodland with meandering avenues. The land originally had been swampy with a creek draining into the Yarra River. The creek was landscaped with ferns and 130 willows, but that did not stop it smelling foul from the sewage from the houses of East Melbourne. The creek was used for irrigation of the western side of the gardens for fifty years. In the early 1900s the creek water substantially improved when sewerage mains were installed to the residences of East Melbourne. Clement Hodgkinson, 1818 - 1893, was born in England, and became a notable Australian naturalist, explorer and surveyor. ... The Yarras lower reaches travel through central Melbourne. ...

In the early years quick growing blue gums and wattles were planted to provide wind breaks. Elm Trees were planted to create avenues along pathways, which created a pattern in resemblance to the Union Jack flag. Flag Ratio: 1:2 The Union Flag or Union Jack is the flag most commonly associated with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and was also used throughout the former British Empire. ...

Clement Hodgkinson described the landscaping design:

...the chief desiderata were shade along the numerous paths therein forming important lines of traffic, and such dense and continuous masses of foliage as would tend to check the inroad of dust from the adjacent streets.

Consequently, in such reserves, strict adherence to the rules of landscape gardening, with regard to the grouping of trees, etc., had to be abandoned in favour of the formal lining of the paths with rows of umbrageous trees, and the planting in the background of dense masses of conifers, evergreen shrubs, fern trees, etc., small flowering shrubs and bedding flowers being merely introduced to mask the unsightly aspect of the grass in such reserves during summer

During the 1880s and 1890s many of the blue gums and elms were removed to create more room for existing trees, as well as sweeping lawns and ornamental flowerbeds.

Heritage Listing

Late afternoon sunlight on the Gardens

The listing on the Victorian heritage register states in part: Download high resolution version (1200x800, 242 KB)Fitzroy Gardens in late afternoon sunlight looking west towards city. ... Download high resolution version (1200x800, 242 KB)Fitzroy Gardens in late afternoon sunlight looking west towards city. ...

The Fitzroy Gardens are of historical, aesthetic, architectural, scientific (horticultural) and social significance to the State of Victoria.

Why is it significant? The Fitzroy Gardens are of historical significance as one of a ring of public reserves around Melbourne established in the nineteenth century to provide respite and relaxation for the city's residents. The Fitzroy Gardens have been viewed as the flagship of this group of city gardens, which includes the Flagstaff, Treasury, Carlton and Alexandra Gardens and the King's Domain. In a statewide context, while not as intact as the Royal Botanic Gardens or the Ballarat Botanical Gardens, the Fitzroy Gardens are an important remnant of the city's nineteenth century garden heritage. They are also a reminder of the city's relatively large investment in public gardens, a reflection of 19th century beliefs about the moral and health benefits of green spaces in often dirty, smelly and overcrowded cities.

The Fitzroy Gardens are of social significance because, from their establishment in the early 1860s, the Gardens have been a place of relaxation, passive recreation and entertainment; the Gardens have been the people's park in the city.

Motto: Peace and Prosperity Nickname: Garden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Melbourne Government Governor Premier Const. ... Flagstaff Gardens is the oldest park in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, first established in 1862. ... The Treasury Gardens consist of 58,000 square metres on the south-eastern side of the Melbourne Central Business District, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Carlton Gardens south The Carlton Gardens is a World Heritage Site located on the northeastern edge of the Central Business District in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... The Alexandra Gardens are located on the south bank of the Yarra River, opposite Federation Square and the Melbourne Central Business District, in Victoria, Australia. ... The Kings Domain is part of the Domain Parklands in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, on the south side of the Yarra River, that incorporates the Alexandra Gardens, Queen Victoria Gardens and the Royal Botanic Gardens. ... The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew are extensive gardens and botanical glasshouses between Richmond upon Thames and Kew in southwest London. ...

History

• 1848 the Fitzroy Gardens were permanently reserved as public gardens, with title shared by the State Government and City of Melbourne. The gardens were known as Fitzroy Square until 1862, named after Sir Charles Fitzroy, a governor of New South Wales.
• 1857 James Sinclair appointed head gardener, and worked in the gardens until his death in 1882.
• 1860 responsibility for Fitzroy Gardens taken over by the Lands Department. Clement Hodgkinson, the head of the Lands Department, takes a detailed interest in the planning and development of the city parks, including Fitroy Gardens.
• 1862 Path network established and band pavillion built
• 1864 Sinclair's Cottage and Small Tudor style gate keepers lodge built
• 1873 Neo-classical rotunda "Temple of Winds" built
• 1880 Removal of many Blue Gums
• 1890 Every alternate Elm tree on Avenues removed
• 1901 Nursery and stable yard transferred from centre of gardens to present site
• 1908 timber style Kiosk opened
• 1915 External picket fence replaced by stone edging
• 1917 Control of gardens passed onto City of Melbourne
• 1927 Plant Managers house built
• 1930 Conservatory for displaying glass-house plants opened
• 1934 Cook's Cottage erected after being bought, shipped to Australia, and donated by the Grimwade family
• 1960 Kiosk damaged by fire
• 1960's Central section of creek piped underground
• 1964 New kiosk opened
• 1970's Eighteenth Century Cottage garden added to Cook's Cottage

1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... There were many people named Charles Fitzroy, including: Charles Fitzroy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland, an 18th century nobleman Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, a nobleman who was Lord Lieutenant of Ireland Charles FitzRoy, 10th Duke of Grafton Lord Charles FitzRoy (the eldest son of Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... 1862 - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1880 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1890 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1908 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1915 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1927 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1930 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1934 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Events and trends The 1960s was a turbulent decade of change around the world. ... 1964 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Events and trends Although in the United States and in many other Western societies the 1970s are often seen as a period of transition between the turbulent 1960s and the more conservative 1980s and 1990s, many of the trends that are associated widely with the Sixties, from the Sexual Revolution...

External Links

• Fitzroy Gardens (http://www.fitzroygardens.com/)
• City of Melbourne - Fitzroy Gardens (http://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/info.cfm?top=25&pa=1273&pg=1284)
• Disability information (http://www.accessibility.com.au/melbourne/garden/fitzroy.htm)