NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Fitzroy Maclean

Sir Fitzroy Hew Royle MacLean of Duart and Strachur, 1st Baronet of Dunconnel, (March 11, 1911, Egypt - June 15, 1996, Scotland) was a Scottish diplomat, adventurer, writer and politician. In Eastern Approaches, MacLean recounted his extraordinary adventures in Soviet Central Asia, and in the Western Desert Campaign, where he specialized in commando raids behind enemy lines. It has been speculated Ian Fleming used Maclean as one of his inspirations for James Bond. March 11 is the 70th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (71st in Leap year). ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... June 15 is the 166th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (167th in leap years), with 199 days remaining. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Motto: (Latin for No one provokes me with impunity)1. ... Eastern Approaches is an autobiographical account of Fitzroy MacLeans life from his days as a junior diplomat in the Foreign Office to his travels in the Soviet Union and Central Asia to his exploits in the British Army and SAS after being elected an MP. Citation: MacLean, Fitzroy (unk). ... Soviet redirects here. ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ... The Western Desert Campaign was the primary early theatre of the North African Campaign of World War II. It is sometimes referred to as the Egypt-Libya Campaign. ... Ian Fleming Sir Ian Lancaster Fleming (May 28, 1908 â€“ August 12, 1964) was an English author and journalist, best remembered for writing the James Bond series of novels as well as the childrens story, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang. ... A number of real life inspirations have been suggested for James Bond, the sophisticated fictional character and British spy, created by Ian Fleming. ...

Early life

Maclean went to school at Eton College, followed by King's College, Cambridge University. On going down from Cambridge, he joined the Diplomatic Service in 1933. His clan's ancestral home was Duart Castle on the Isle of Mull in the Hebrides. The Kings College of Our Lady of Eton beside Windsor, commonly known as Eton College or just Eton, is a prestigious and internationally known Public School for boys. ... Full name The Kings College of Our Lady and St Nicholas in Cambridge Motto Veritas Et Utilitas Truth and usefulness Named after Henry VI Previous names - Established 1441 Sister College(s) New College Provost Prof. ... The University of Cambridge, located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Duart Castle, Isle of Mull Duart Castle is a castle on the west coast of Scotland, located on the Isle of Mull within the council area of Argyll and Bute. ... Tobermory with 700 people, the largest settlement on Mull, is home to the only whisky distillery on the island. ... This article is about the Hebrides islands in Scotland. ...

In the Soviet Union

In the mid-thirties Fitzroy MacLean was posted to the British embassy in Paris. Bored with the pleasant but undemanding routine, he requested a posting to Moscow, which would later become the basis for his best known book, the autobiographical Eastern Approaches. MacLean was in Moscow until late 1939, and so was present during the great Stalinist purges, observing the fates of Bukharin and other great Russian revolutionaries. While in Moscow, MacLean ventured by train and by foot into often remote regions of the Soviet Union, which were off limits to foreigners, and was pursued by the NKVD as he did so. City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion ÃŽle-de-France DÃ©partement Paris (75) Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Mayor Bertrand DelanoÃ« (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land area... Location Position of Moscow in Europe Government Country District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Mayor Yuriy Luzhkov Geographical characteristics Area - City 1,081 kmÂ² Population - City (2005) - Density 10,415,400 8537. ... The Great Purge (Russian: , transliterated Bolshaya chistka) is the name given to campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin during the late 1930s. ... Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin ( Russian: Николай Иванович Бухарин), ( October 9 ( September 27 Old Style) 1888 – March 13, 1938) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and intellectual, and later a Soviet politician. ... The NKVD (Narodnyi Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del )(Russian: ÐÐšÐ’Ð”, ÐÐ°Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ñ€Ð¸Ð°Ñ‚ Ð²Ð½ÑƒÑ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¸Ñ… Ð´ÐµÐ») or Peoples Commisariat for Internal Affairs was a government department which handled a number of the Soviet Unions affairs of state. ...

File links The following pages link to this file: Fitzroy Maclean ... File links The following pages link to this file: Fitzroy Maclean ...

World War II: North Africa and Yugoslavia

When war broke out, Maclean was prevented from enlisting at first because of his position as a diplomat. He eventually managed to sign up in 1941 by running for the House of Commons, one of the few possible reasons for resigning the Diplomatic Corps. Only entering in order to quit the foreign service, he actually won election to Parliament as the Conservative MP from Lancaster and immediately joined the Cameron Highlanders as a private, but was quickly promoted to lieutenant. This article is about the year. ... British House of Commons Canadian House of Commons The House of Commons is the elected lower house of the bicameral parliament in the United Kingdom and Canada. ... The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative & Unionist Party) is currently the second largest political party in the United Kingdom in terms of sitting Members of Parliament (MPs), and the largest in terms of public membership. ... The Queens Own Cameron Highlanders was a regiment of the British Army. ...

In North Africa in 1942, he distinguished himself in the early actions of the newly formed SAS. Amongst his accomplishments was the famed kidnapping of the German Consul from Axis-controlled Iraq, an incident that soon led to Hitlers' government to withdraw its support of the military junta in that country. Maclean was a brilliant practitioner in the T.E. Lawrence brand of fighting, and he reported directly to Churchill in Cairo. Along with Ralph A. Bagnold, he developed ways of driving vehicles over the Libyan sand 'seas'. 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ... It has been suggested that SAS Troops be merged into this article or section. ... Thomas Edward Lawrence (August 16, 1888 – May 19, 1935), also known as Lawrence of Arabia, and (apparently, among his Arab allies) Aurens or El Aurens, became famous for his role as a British liaison officer during the Arab Revolt of 1916–1918. ... Ralph A. Bagnold (April 3, 1896 - May 28, 1990), during World War II, was the founder and first commander of the British Armys Long Range Desert Group. ...

Winston Churchill personally chose him to lead a liaison mission to central Yugoslavia in 1943, where Tito and his partisans were emerging as a major irritant to the German control of the Balkans. His mission, as he wryly put it, was "simply to find out who was killing the most Germans and suggest means by which we could help them kill more." Maclean knew Tito well, and would later produce two biographies of him. Maclean's relationship with Tito's partisans was not always easy, partly because they were Communist, while he came from an upper-class Scottish background, and had witnessed Stalinism in action. However, his biography of Tito reveals the admiration he held for the Yugoslav leader and the Yugoslav communist led anti-fascist struggle. He developed a great affection for Yugoslavia and its people and was later given permission to buy a house on the island of Korcula. This article is becoming very long. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in all South Slavic languages, ÐˆÑƒÐ³Ð¾ÑÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ˜Ð° in Serbian and Macedonian Cyrillic) is a term used for the three separate political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... Josip Broz Tito (May 7, 1892 - May 4, 1980) was the ruler of Yugoslavia between the end of World War II and his death in 1980. ... Josip Broz Tito (May 7, 1892 - May 4, 1980) was the ruler of Yugoslavia between the end of World War II and his death in 1980. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Joseph Stalin. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Later life

Maclean had been elected as Conservative Member of Parliament for Lancaster in a 1941 by-election. He served briefly as a junior Minister at the War Office from 1954 to 1957. In the 1959 general election he switched constituencies to Bute and North Ayrshire where he was re-elected until he retired in 1974. In his last two years, he was appointed as a member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and Western European Union. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative & Unionist Party) is currently the second largest political party in the United Kingdom in terms of sitting Members of Parliament (MPs), and the largest in terms of public membership. ... Lancaster and Wyre is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the year. ... A by-election or bye-election is a special election held to fill a political office when the incumbent has died or resigned. ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This United Kingdom general election was held on October 8, 1959, and marked a third successive victory for the ruling Conservative party, led by Harold MacMillan. ... Buteshire and Caithness were constituencies of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1708 to 1918. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... The Palace of Europe in Strasbourg European Flag: used by the Council of Europe and by the European Union The Council of Europe (French: Conseil de lEurope , German: Europarat /ËŒÉ”Éª.Ëˆro. ... Membership 10 member states 6 associate member states 5 observer countries 7 associate partner countries Formation - Signed Treaty of Brussels - 17 March 1948 The Western European Union (WEU) is a partially dormant European defence and security organization, established on the basis of the Treaty of Brussels of 1948 with the...

He married Veronica Nell Fraser-Phipps (widow of naval hero Lt. Alan Phipps, killed at Leros in 1943) in 1946 and had two sons by her: Charles Edward (b.1946) and the Alexander James Simon Aeneas, called James for short (b.1949). He was also stepfather to her previous children, Susan Rose "Suki" Phipps (b.1941) and Jeremy Julian Phipps (b.1942).

Sir Fitzroy was honoured with the baronetcy of Maclean of Dunconnel after being made the 15th Hereditary Keeper and Captain of Dunconnel Castlein 1957 and was invested into the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Knight of the Thistle in 1994. A baronet (traditional abbreviation Bart, modern abbreviation Bt), is the holder of an hereditary title awarded by the British Crown, known as a baronetcy. ... The Scottish Royal Household includes the Hereditary Keepers of various palaces and castles, as follows- Palace of Holyroodhouse - the Duke of Hamilton Falkland Palace - Ninian Crichton-Stuart Stirling Castle - the Earl of Mar and Kellie Dunstaffnage Castle - the Duke of Argyll Dunconnel Castle - formerly Sir Fitzroy Maclean The Keeper of... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... James VII ordained the modern Order. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ...

Maclean was best known in later life for his books which ranged from fiction to Scottish history, to biographies of Tito and books about Russia. Take Nine Spies is a collection of true spy stories, including Mata Hari, Richard Sorge, Kim Philby, Gordon Lonsdale, Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean. Stirling Castle has stood for centuries atop a volcanic crag defending the lowest ford of the River Forth. ... Mata Hari, exotic dancer and convicted spy, made her name synonymous with femme fatale during World War I. For the Indonesian supermarket/department store chain, see Matahari. ... Richard Sorge Dr Sorge aka Ramsay Richard Sorge (Russian: Ð Ð¸Ñ…Ð°Ñ€Ð´ Ð—Ð¾Ñ€Ð³Ðµ) (October 4, 1895 - November 7, 1944) was a revolutionary, a journalist, working in Germany and Japan, and a spy for the Soviet Union in Japan before and during World War II. His NKVD codename was Ramsay. ... Harold Adrian Russell Kim Philby or H.A.R. Philby (1 January 1912 â€“ 11 May 1988) was a high ranking member of British intelligence who led a lifelong career as a spy for the Soviet Union. ... Konon Trofimovich Molody (1922-1970) was a Russian spy, better known in the West as Gordon Lonsdale. ... Guy Francis De Moncy Burgess (16 April 1911 â€“ 30 August 1963) was a British-born intelligence officer and double agent who worked for the Soviet Union and was part of the Cambridge Five spy ring that betrayed allied secrets to the Soviets before and during the Cold War. ... Donald Duart Maclean Donald Duart Maclean (25 May 1913 â€“ 6 March 1983) was a career British diplomat turned Soviet intelligence agent. ...

Biographies

Contents

Early life

In the Soviet Union

World War II: North Africa and Yugoslavia

Later life

Biographies

See also

Bibliography

External links

Contents

Early life GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

In the Soviet Union

World War II: North Africa and Yugoslavia

Later life

Biographies

See also

Bibliography

External links

Early life