Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (Traditional Chinese: 五代十國 Simplified Chinese: 五代十国 Hanyu pinyin: Wǔdàishíguó) (907-960) was a period of political upheaval in China, between the Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty. During this period, 5 dynasties succeeded each other in rapid succession in the north, and more than a dozen independent states, mainly in the south, were established, though only ten of them are traditionally listed, hence giving rise to the name "Ten Kingdoms." (Some historians, including Bo Yang, count 11 -- not including Northern Han (as it is an extension of the Later Han Dynasty) and including Yan and Qi in the list.) China is one of the worlds oldest continuous major civilizations, with written records dating back at least 3,500 years, and with 5,000 years being commonly used by Chinese as the age of their civilization. ... The Three August Ones and Five Emperors (Chinese: 三皇五帝; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: san-huang wu-ti) were mythological rulers of China during the period from 2500 BC to 2205 BC, which is the time preceding the Xia dynasty. ... The Xia Dynasty (Hanyu Pinyin: Xia, Wade-Giles: Hsia, Chinese: 夏朝), ca. ... Shang Dynasty (Chinese: 商朝) or Yin Dynasty (殷代) (1600 BC - 1046 BC) is the first historic Chinese dynasty and ruled in the northeastern region of China proper. ... The Zhou Dynasty (周朝; Wade-Giles: Chou Dynasty) (late 10th century BC to late 9th century BC - 256 BC) followed the Shang (Yin) Dynasty and preceded the Qin Dynasty in China. ... The Spring and Autumn Period (Chinese: 春秋時代; pinyin: ) represented an era in Chinese history between 722 BC and 481 BC. The period takes its name from the Spring and Autumn Annals, a chronicle of the period whose authorship was traditionally attributed to Confucius. ... Alternative meaning: Warring States Period (Japan) The Warring States Period (traditional Chinese: 戰國時代, simplified Chinese: 战国时代 pinyin Zhànguó Shídài) takes place from sometime in the 5th century BC to the unification of China by Qin in 221 BC. It is nominally considered to be the second part of the... The Qin Dynasty (秦朝 Pinyin Qín, Wade-Giles Chin; 221 BC - 207 BC) was preceded by the Zhou Dynasty and followed by the Han Dynasty in China. ... Han commanderies and kingdoms AD 2. ... Wang Mang (王莽, pinyin: Wáng Măng) (45 BC–October 6, 23) was a Han Dynasty official who seized the throne from the Liu family and founded Xin Dynasty (新朝, meaning new dynasty), ruling AD 8–23. ... Han commanderies and kingdoms AD 2. ... The Three Kingdoms period (Simplified Chinese: 三国; Traditional Chinese: 三國; Pinyin Sānguó) is a period in the history of China. ... The Jin Dynasty (晉 pinyin jìn, 265-420) followed the Three Kingdoms and preceded the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China. ... The Sixteen Kingdoms, or less commonly the Sixteen States, were a collection of numerous short-lived sovereignities in the China proper and neighboring areas from AD 304 to 439 after the retreat of the Jin Dynasty (265-420) to South China and before the establishment of the Northern Dynasties. ... This article is about China. ... The Sui Dynasty (隋朝 Hanyu Pinyin: Suí, 581-618) followed the Southern and Northern Dynasties and preceded the Tang Dynasty in China. ... The Tang Dynasty (唐朝 pinyin: tángcháo; 618–907) followed the Sui Dynasty and preceded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China. ... Wu Zetian (武則天) (625 - December 16, 705), personal name Wu Zhao (武曌), was the only female emperor in the history of China, founding her own dynasty, the Zhou (周), and ruling under the name Emperor Shengshen (聖神皇帝) from 690 to 705. ... The Song Dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... The Liao Dynasty (T: 遼朝 S: 辽朝 pinyin: Liáo Cháo), 907-1125, sometimes also known as the Kingdom or Empire of the Khitan, was founded by the Yelü (耶律 Yēlǜ) family of the Khitan tribes in the final years of the Tang Dynasty, although Yelü Abaoji did not declare an... See Xia for other meanings of the Chinese character 夏 xià. ... The Jin Dynasty (金 pinyin: Jīn 1115-1234; Anchu in Jurchen), also known as the Jurchen dynasty, was founded by the Wanyan (完顏 Wányán) clan of the Jurchen, the ancestors of the Manchus who established the Qing Dynasty some 500 years later. ... The Yuan Dynasty (Mongolian: Dai Ön Yeke Mongghul Ulus; Chinese: 大元大蒙古帝国) lasting officially from 1271 to 1368, also called the Mongol Dynasty, was the name given to the significant ruling family of Borjigin in Asia. ... very wordy. ... The Qing Dynasty (Manchu: daicing gurun; Chinese: 清朝; pinyin: qÄ«ng cháo; Wade-Giles: ching chao), sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, was founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China expanded into China proper and the surrounding territories of Inner Asia, establishing... The Republic of China succeeded the Qing Dynasty in China and ruled mainland China from 1912 to 1949. ... The Peoples Republic of China was proclaimed in the aftermath of the Communist Partys triumph in the Chinese Civil War by Mao Zedong on October 1, 1949 with Beijing as capital. ... This article needs copyediting (checking for proper English spelling, grammar, usage, etc. ... Recovery in the 1990s After the June 4th Incident, a large number of overseas Chinese students were granted political refuge almost unconditionally by foreign governments. ... The Fourth Generation of Leaders and the 16th CPC Congress In November 2002 Jiang Zemin stepped down from the powerful Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China to make way for a younger fourth generation of leadership led by Hu Jintao. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiǎntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiǎnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Pinyin (拼音, Pīnyīn) literally means join (together) sounds (a less literal translation being phoneticize, spell or transcription) in Chinese and usually refers to Hànyǔ Pīnyīn (汉语拼音, literal meaning: Han language pinyin), which is a system of romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration to roman script) for Standard Mandarin used in the... Events Oleg leads Kievan Rus in a campaign against Constantinople Yelü Abaoji establishes Liao (Khitan) dynasty Births Deaths Categories: 907 ... Events Edgar the Peaceable crowned King of England. ... The Tang Dynasty (唐朝 pinyin: tángcháo; 618–907) followed the Sui Dynasty and preceded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China. ... Alternative meaning: Song Dynasty (420-479) The Song dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... Bo Yang (柏楊, born 1920) is a Mainlander-born writer based in Taiwan. ... This article is about the Northern Han in the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ...

The Five Dynasties:

• Later Liang Dynasty (907-923)
• Later Tang Dynasty (923-936)
• Later Jin Dynasty (936-947)
• Later Han Dynasty (947-951)
• Later Zhou Dynasty (951-960)

The Ten Kingdoms: The Later Liang (Simplified Chinese character: 后梁, Traditional Chinese character: 後梁, Hanyu pinyin Hòu Liáng) (907-923) was one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China. ... Events Oleg leads Kievan Rus in a campaign against Constantinople Yelü Abaoji establishes Liao (Khitan) dynasty Births Deaths Categories: 907 ... Events June 15 - Battle of Soissons: King Robert I of France is killed, King Charles the Simple is arrested by the supporters of Duke Rudolph of Burgundy. ... The Later Tang Dynasty was one of the five dynasties during the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ... Events June 15 - Battle of Soissons: King Robert I of France is killed, King Charles the Simple is arrested by the supporters of Duke Rudolph of Burgundy. ... Events King Taejo of Goryeo (Wanggeon) defeats Hubaekje. ... Events King Taejo of Goryeo (Wanggeon) defeats Hubaekje. ... Events Births Deaths Topiltzin Ce Acatl Quetzalcoatl, Toltec ruler Categories: 947 ... Events Births Deaths Topiltzin Ce Acatl Quetzalcoatl, Toltec ruler Categories: 947 ... Events Allat the Maharana of Mewar come to powers. ... The Zhou Dynasty (周朝; Wade-Giles: Chou Dynasty) (late 10th century BC to late 9th century BC - 256 BC) followed the Shang (Yin) Dynasty and preceded the Qin Dynasty in China. ... Events Allat the Maharana of Mewar come to powers. ... Events Edgar the Peaceable crowned King of England. ...

• Wu
• Wuyue
• Min
• Chu
• Southern Han
• Former Shu
• Later Shu
• Jingnan
• Southern Tang
• Northern Han

Other regimes: Wu 吳 (also refered to as Huainan 淮南) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China which was in existance between the years of 904 and 937. ... Kingdom of Wuyue (吴越国, Pinyin: Wuyueguo), 852-988 AD, was an independent coastal kingdom founded by King Qian Liu and covered what is today Shanghai, all of Zhejiang Province and the southern portion of Jiangsu Province. ... Min 閩 was one of the Ten Kingdoms which was in existence between the years of 909 and 945. ... Chu (楚) was a kingdom in what-is-now China during the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ... Southern Han (Traditional Chinese: 南漢; Simplified Chinese: 南汉; pinyin: ) was a kingdom that existed from 917 to 971 in what is now Guangdong and Guangxi, along the southern coast of China. ... Later Shu (Hou Shu, 後蜀) was one of the Ten Kingdoms located in Sichuan basin which was in existance between the years of 934 and 965. ... Jingnan (also called Nanping) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created following the Tang Dynasty from 902-979. ... Southern Tang (also refered to as Nantang) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created following the Tang Dynasty from 937-976. ... This article is about the Northern Han in the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ...

• Yan
• Qi
• Chengde Jiedushi (also known as Zhao)
• Yiwu Jiedushi
• Dingnan Jiedushi
• Wuping Jiedushi
• Qingyuan Jiedushi
• Yin
• Ganzhou
• Shazhou
• Liangzhou

The Jiedushi of Dingnan (定難節度使) was Li Jiqian of 10th and 11th century China. ... Dunhuang (Chinese: 敦煌) is a city located in an oasis in the Gansu province, China. ... Wuwei (woo-WAY) Taoist concept of a disengagement from the affairs of the world. ...

Setting the stage

The period was a direct result of the political disintegration at the end of the Tang Dynasty, which saw power shifting away from the imperial government and into the hands of regional military governors (jiedushi). The Huang Chao Rebellion (875-884) also dealt a severe blow to the authority of the central government. By the early 10th century, the central government held little power over powerful jiedushi, who were de facto independent. Important jiedushi at this point included: The Tang Dynasty (唐朝 pinyin: tángcháo; 618–907) followed the Sui Dynasty and preceded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China. ... The Jiedushi (T: 節度使 S: 节度使) were regional military governors in China during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. ... Events December 29 - Charles the Bald, king of west Danes capture Lindisfarne and arrive in Cambridge. ... Events May 15 - Pope Marinus I dies. ... ( 9th century - 10th century - 11th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 10th century was that century which lasted from 901 to 1000. ... The Jiedushi (T: 節度使 S: 节度使) were regional military governors in China during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. ... The Jiedushi (T: 節度使 S: 节度使) were regional military governors in China during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. ...

North China

• Zhu Wen at Bianzhou (modern Kaifeng, Henan province), precursor to Later Liang Dynasty
• Li Keyong and Li Cunxu at Taiyuan (modern Taiyuan, Shanxi province), precursor to Later Tang Dynasty
• Liu Rengong and Liu Shouguang at Youzhou (modern Beijing), precursor to Yan
• Li Maozhen at Fengxiang (modern Fengxiang County, Shaanxi province), precursor to Qi
• Luo Shaowei at Weibo (modern Daming County, Hebei province)
• Wang Rong at Zhenzhou (modern Zhengding County, Hebei province)
• Wang Chuzhi at Dingzhou (modern Ding County, Hebei province)

South China Kaifeng (Simplified Chinese: 开封; Traditional Chinese: 開封; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Kai-feng), formerly Daliang (大梁), is a city in the Henan province of the Peoples Republic of China, located along the Huang He, 70 km from Zhengzhou, the provincial capital. ... Henan (Chinese: 河南; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ho-nan), is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located in the central part of the country. ... The Later Liang (Simplified Chinese character: 后梁, Traditional Chinese character: 後梁, Hanyu pinyin Hòu Liáng) (907-923) was one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China. ... Location within China Taiyuan (Chinese: 太原; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Tai-yüan) is a prefecture-level city in China, capital of the Shanxi province. ... Shanxi (Chinese: 山西; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi; Postal System Pinyin: Shansi) is a northern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Later Tang Dynasty was one of the five dynasties during the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ... Beijing   listen? (Chinese: 北京; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Pei-ching; Postal System Pinyin: Peking) is the capital city of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ... Shaanxi (Simplified Chinese: 陕西; Traditional Chinese: 陝西; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi; Postal System Pinyin: Shensi, pronounced like Shahn-shee) is a northwestern province of the Peoples Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River as well as the Qinling Mountains... Not to be confused with the unrelated province of Hubei Hebei (Chinese: 河北; pinyin: Hébĕi; Wade-Giles: Ho-pei; Postal System Pinyin: Hopeh), is a northern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Zhengding (Chinese: 正定; pinyin: ) is a county in Hebei Province approximately 260 kilometers south of Beijing, China. ... Not to be confused with the unrelated province of Hubei Hebei (Chinese: 河北; pinyin: Hébĕi; Wade-Giles: Ho-pei; Postal System Pinyin: Hopeh), is a northern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Not to be confused with the unrelated province of Hubei Hebei (Chinese: 河北; pinyin: Hébĕi; Wade-Giles: Ho-pei; Postal System Pinyin: Hopeh), is a northern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ...

• Yang Xingmi at Yangzhou (modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu province), precursor to Wu
• Qian Liu at Hangzhou (modern Hangzhou, Zhejiang province), precursor to Wuyue
• Ma Yin at Tanzhou (modern Changsha, Hunan province), precursor to Chu
• Wang Shenzhi at Fuzhou (modern Fuzhou, Fujian province), precursor to Min
• Liu Yin at Guangzhou (modern Guangzhou, Guangdong province), precursor to Southern Han
• Wang Jian at Chengdu (modern Chengdu, Sichuan province), precursor to Former Shu

Yangzhou (Simplified Chinese: 扬州; Traditional Chinese: 揚州; pinyin: ) is a city in Jiangsu province, China. ... Yangzhou (Simplified Chinese: 扬州; Traditional Chinese: 揚州; pinyin: ) is a city in Jiangsu province, China. ... Jiangsu (Simplified Chinese: 江苏; Traditional Chinese: 江蘇; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chiang-su; Postal System Pinyin: Kiangsu) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. ... Wu 吳 (also refered to as Huainan 淮南) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China which was in existance between the years of 904 and 937. ... Hangzhou (Chinese: 杭州; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Hang-chou) is a sub-provincial city in China, and the capital of Zhejiang province. ... Hangzhou (Chinese: 杭州; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Hang-chou) is a sub-provincial city in China, and the capital of Zhejiang province. ... Zhejiang (Chinese: 浙江; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Che-chiang; Postal System Pinyin: Chehkiang or Chekiang) is a eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Kingdom of Wuyue (吴越国, Pinyin: Wuyueguo), 852-988 AD, was an independent coastal kingdom founded by King Qian Liu and covered what is today Shanghai, all of Zhejiang Province and the southern portion of Jiangsu Province. ... Changsha (Simplified Chinese: 长沙; Traditional Chinese: 長沙; pinyin: Ch ng shā; Wade-Giles: Chang-sha) is the capital of Hunan, a province of Southcentral China, located on the lower reaches of Xiangjiang river, a branch of Chang Jiang. ... Hunan (Chinese: 湖南; pinyin: ) is a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name Hunan, meaning south of the lake). Hunan is sometimes called 湘 (pinyin: Xiāng) for short, after the Xiang River which runs through the province. ... Chu (楚) was a kingdom in what-is-now China during the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ... Fuzhou (Chinese: 福州; pinyin: Fúzhōu; Wade-Giles: Fu-chou; also seen as Foochow or Fuchow) is a city on the coast of China, the largest city in and capital of Fujian province. ... Fujian (Chinese: 福建; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal System Pinyin: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of China. ... Min 閩 was one of the Ten Kingdoms which was in existence between the years of 909 and 945. ... Location within China CITIC Plaza Guangzhou fireworks display at night Guangzhou (Simplified Chinese: 广州; Traditional Chinese: 廣州; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Kuang-chou; Jyutping: Gwong2zau1; Yale: GwóngjaÅ«) is the capital of the Guangdong Province in southern China. ... Guangdong (Simplified Chinese: 广东; Traditional Chinese: 廣東; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Kuang-tung; Postal System Pinyin: Kwangtung or Canton Province, Jyutping: gwong2 dung1), is a province on the south coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Southern Han (Traditional Chinese: 南漢; Simplified Chinese: 南汉; pinyin: ) was a kingdom that existed from 917 to 971 in what is now Guangdong and Guangxi, along the southern coast of China. ... Location within China Chengdu (Chinese: 成都; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Cheng-tu) is the capital of Sichuan province and a sub-provincial city, located in southwest China, and bordering Tibet. ... Sichuan (Chinese: 四川; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ssu-ch`uan; non-standard transliteration: Szechwan) is a province in central-western China with its capital at Chengdu. ...

The North

Zhu Wen was the most powerful warlord at the time in North China. Originally a member of Huang Chao's rebel army, he surrendered to the Tang Dynasty and was crucial in suppressing the rebellion. For this he was given the title of Xuanwu Jiedushi. Within a few years he had consolidated his power by destroying his neighbours, and was able to force a move of the imperial capital to Luoyang (modern Luoyang, Henan province), within his power base. In 904 he had the Emperor Zhaozong killed and put his 13-year-old son on the throne as a puppet ruler. Three years later, in 907, he induced the boy emperor to abdicate in his favour. He then proclaimed the founding of the Later Liang Dynasty, with himself as emperor. The Tang Dynasty (唐朝 pinyin: tángcháo; 618–907) followed the Sui Dynasty and preceded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China. ... The Jiedushi (T: 節度使 S: 节度使) were regional military governors in China during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. ... Luoyang(洛阳) (Simplified Chinese: 洛阳; Traditional Chinese: 洛陽; pinyin: ) is a city in Henan province, China. ... Henan (Chinese: 河南; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ho-nan), is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located in the central part of the country. ... Events Accession of Sergius III Destruction of Changan, the capital of Tang Dynasty and the largest city in the ancient world. ... Events Oleg leads Kievan Rus in a campaign against Constantinople Yelü Abaoji establishes Liao (Khitan) dynasty Births Deaths Categories: 907 ... The Later Liang (Simplified Chinese character: 后梁, Traditional Chinese character: 後梁, Hanyu pinyin Hòu Liáng) (907-923) was one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China. ...

By now, many of his rival warlords had also declared their own independent regimes, and not all of them recognized the new dynasty as overlord. In particular, Li Cunxu and Liu Shouguang opposed the new regime, and fought it for control of North China. Li Cunxu was particularly successful. After defeating in 915 Liu Shouguang (who had proclaimed a Yan Empire in 911), Li Cunxu declared himself emperor in 923 and, within a few months, swept away the Later Liang regime, replacing it with the Later Tang Dynasty. Under him, much of North China was reunified again, and in 925 he was able to conquer Former Shu, a regime that had been set up in Sichuan. Events Fatimid armies invaded Egypt. ... This article is about the year 911 A.D. For other uses, see 911 (disambiguation). ... Events June 15 - Battle of Soissons: King Robert I of France is killed, King Charles the Simple is arrested by the supporters of Duke Rudolph of Burgundy. ... The Later Tang Dynasty was one of the five dynasties during the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ... Events Alfonso IV the Monk becomes king of Leon Ha-Mim proclaims himself a prophet among the Ghomara of Morocco Tomislav, duke of the Croatian duchies of Pannonia and Dalmatia, is crowned King of Croatia at Duvno field. ... Sichuan (Chinese: 四川; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ssu-ch`uan; non-standard transliteration: Szechwan) is a province in central-western China with its capital at Chengdu. ...

The Later Tang Dynasty oversaw a few years of relative calm. Soon, however, unrest began to brew once again. In 934 Sichuan once again became independent as the Later Shu regime. In 936, Shi Jingtang, a jiedushi based in Taiyuan, rebelled with the help of the Khitan Empire of Manchuria. In return for their help, Shi Jingtang promised the Khitans 16 prefectures in the Youyun area (modern northern Hebei province and Beijing) and annual tribute. The rebellion succeeded, and Shi Jingtang became emperor of the Later Jin Dynasty in that same year. Events The Goryeo army defeats Hubaekje forces in present-day Hongseong County. ... Later Shu (Hou Shu, 後蜀) was one of the Ten Kingdoms located in Sichuan basin which was in existance between the years of 934 and 965. ... Events King Taejo of Goryeo (Wanggeon) defeats Hubaekje. ... The Jiedushi (T: 節度使 S: 节度使) were regional military governors in China during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. ... Location within China Taiyuan (Chinese: 太原; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Tai-yüan) is a prefecture-level city in China, capital of the Shanxi province. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Extent according to Definition 1 (dark red), Definition 3 (dark red + medium red) and Definition 4 (dark red + medium red + light red) Northeast China (Simplified Chinese: 东北; Traditional Chinese: 東北; pinyin: ; literally east-north) and Manchuria (Manchu: Manju, Simplified Chinese: 满洲; Traditional Chinese: 滿洲; pinyin: ) are names of a vast region in Northeast Asia. ... Not to be confused with the unrelated province of Hubei Hebei (Chinese: 河北; pinyin: Hébĕi; Wade-Giles: Ho-pei; Postal System Pinyin: Hopeh), is a northern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Beijing   listen? (Chinese: 北京; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Pei-ching; Postal System Pinyin: Peking) is the capital city of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ...

After the founding of Later Jin, the Khitans increasingly began to view Later Jin as their proxy in China proper. In 943 they decided to take the land for themselves, and within three years had swept into the capital at Kaifeng, ending the Later Jin dynasty. However, they were unable (or unwilling) to hold onto the vast areas of China proper that they had conquered, and retreated early in the next year. The term China proper is usually used to refer to the historical heartlands of China, and to make a contrast between these heartlands and frontier regions of Outer China (Inner Asia). ... Events King Constantin II of Scotland retires and becomes a monk, succeeded by his cousin Malcolm I of Scotland Births Deaths Harald I of Norway Categories: 943 ... Kaifeng (Simplified Chinese: 开封; Traditional Chinese: 開封; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Kai-feng), formerly Daliang (大梁), is a city in the Henan province of the Peoples Republic of China, located along the Huang He, 70 km from Zhengzhou, the provincial capital. ...

To fill this void, a jiedushi named Liu Zhiyuan entered the imperial capital in 947, proclaiming the Later Han Dynasty. This was the most short-lived of the 5 dynasties, as a coup in 951 led to the enthronement of General Guo Wei and the beginning of the Later Zhou Dynasty. However, Liu Chong, a member of the Later Han imperial family, set up the rival Northern Han regime in Taiyuan, and sought Khitan help to defeat Later Zhou. The Jiedushi (T: 節度使 S: 节度使) were regional military governors in China during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. ... Events Births Deaths Topiltzin Ce Acatl Quetzalcoatl, Toltec ruler Categories: 947 ... Events Allat the Maharana of Mewar come to powers. ... The Zhou Dynasty (周朝; Wade-Giles: Chou Dynasty) (late 10th century BC to late 9th century BC - 256 BC) followed the Shang (Yin) Dynasty and preceded the Qin Dynasty in China. ... This article is about the Northern Han in the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ... Location within China Taiyuan (Chinese: 太原; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Tai-yüan) is a prefecture-level city in China, capital of the Shanxi province. ...

After the death of Guo Wei in 951, his adopted son Chai Rong succeeded the throne and began to pursue a policy of expansion and reunification. In 954 he defeated combined Khitan and Northern Han forces, ending their hopes of destroying Later Zhou. Between 956 and 958 Later Zhou dealt severe defeats to Southern Tang, the most powerful regime in South China, forcing them to cede all territory north of the Yangtze River. In 959 Chai Rong attacked the Khitan Empire in a bid to recover the territories ceded during the Later Jin Dynasty, and scored several victories before succumbing to illness. Events Allat the Maharana of Mewar come to powers. ... Events King Malcolm I of Scotland is killed in battle against Highlanders. ... Deaths April 8 - Gilbert of Chalon, Duke of Burgundy Categories: 956 ... Events Kshemgupta, King of Kashmir dies and is succeeded by his young son Abhimanyu. ... Southern Tang (also refered to as Nantang) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created following the Tang Dynasty from 937-976. ... Length 6,380 km Elevation of the source  ? m Average discharge 31,900 m³/s Area watershed 1,800,000 km² Origin Qinghai Province and Tibet Mouth East China Sea Basin countries China The Yangtze River (Chinese: 扬子江; pinyin: ) is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in... Events October 1 - Edwy, king of England dies and is succeeded by his brother Edgar. ... This article needs cleanup. ...

In 960, the general Zhao Kuangyin staged a coup and took the throne for himself, founding the Northern Song Dynasty. This marks the official end of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Over the next two decades, Zhao Kuangyin and his successor Zhao Kuangyi defeated all of the other remaining regimes in China proper, conquering Northern Han in 979 and reunifying China completely by 982. Events Edgar the Peaceable crowned King of England. ... Alternative meaning: Song Dynasty (420-479) The Song dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... The term China proper is usually used to refer to the historical heartlands of China, and to make a contrast between these heartlands and frontier regions of Outer China (Inner Asia). ... This article is about the Northern Han in the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ... Events: The Tynwald, the parliament of the Isle of Man, is founded. ... Events Greenland founded by Erik the Red ; first contact of Europeans with North America Births Emma of Normandy Atisha the Bengali Buddhist Saint Deaths Categories: 982 ...

The South

Unlike North China, where dynasties succeeded each other in rapid succession, the regimes of South China existed more or less concurrently and each held on to a specific geographical area.

By 920, Wu had been established in modern Jiangsu, Anhui, and Jiangxi provinces; Wuyue was based mostly in modern Zhejiang province, Min in Fujian, Southern Han in Guangdong, Chu in Hunan, Jingnan in Jiangling, Hubei province, and Former Shu in Sichuan. Sichuan fell under northern control in 925, but in 934 it regained independence as the Later Shu. In 937 Wu was replaced with Southern Tang. Events The golden age of the Empire of Ghana began in Africa. ... Wu 吳 (also refered to as Huainan 淮南) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China which was in existance between the years of 904 and 937. ... Jiangsu (Simplified Chinese: 江苏; Traditional Chinese: 江蘇; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chiang-su; Postal System Pinyin: Kiangsu) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. ... Anhui (Chinese: 安徽; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: An-hui; Postal System Pinyin: Ngan-hui, Anhwei or An-hwei) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Jiangxi (Chinese: 江西; pinyin: Jiāngxī; Wade-Giles: Chiang-hsi; Postal System Pinyin: Kiangsi) is a southern province of the Peoples Republic of China, spanning from the banks of the Chang Jiang (Yangtze) in the north into hillier areas in the south. ... Kingdom of Wuyue (吴越国, Pinyin: Wuyueguo), 852-988 AD, was an independent coastal kingdom founded by King Qian Liu and covered what is today Shanghai, all of Zhejiang Province and the southern portion of Jiangsu Province. ... Zhejiang (Chinese: 浙江; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Che-chiang; Postal System Pinyin: Chehkiang or Chekiang) is a eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Min 閩 was one of the Ten Kingdoms which was in existence between the years of 909 and 945. ... Fujian (Chinese: 福建; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal System Pinyin: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of China. ... Southern Han (Traditional Chinese: 南漢; Simplified Chinese: 南汉; pinyin: ) was a kingdom that existed from 917 to 971 in what is now Guangdong and Guangxi, along the southern coast of China. ... Guangdong (Simplified Chinese: 广东; Traditional Chinese: 廣東; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Kuang-tung; Postal System Pinyin: Kwangtung or Canton Province, Jyutping: gwong2 dung1), is a province on the south coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Chu (楚) was a kingdom in what-is-now China during the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ... Hunan (Chinese: 湖南; pinyin: ) is a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name Hunan, meaning south of the lake). Hunan is sometimes called 湘 (pinyin: Xiāng) for short, after the Xiang River which runs through the province. ... Jingnan (also called Nanping) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created following the Tang Dynasty from 902-979. ... Jiangling is a city in Hubei, China. ... Not to be confused with the unrelated province of Hebei Hubei (Chinese: 湖北; pinyin: Húběi; Wade-Giles: Hu-pei, also seen as Hupeh), abbreviated to 鄂 (pinyin: È, WG: O), a province of the Peoples Republic of China, lies to the north of the Dongting Lake, giving it the... Sichuan (Chinese: 四川; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ssu-ch`uan; non-standard transliteration: Szechwan) is a province in central-western China with its capital at Chengdu. ... Events Alfonso IV the Monk becomes king of Leon Ha-Mim proclaims himself a prophet among the Ghomara of Morocco Tomislav, duke of the Croatian duchies of Pannonia and Dalmatia, is crowned King of Croatia at Duvno field. ... Events The Goryeo army defeats Hubaekje forces in present-day Hongseong County. ... Later Shu (Hou Shu, 後蜀) was one of the Ten Kingdoms located in Sichuan basin which was in existance between the years of 934 and 965. ... Events Athelstan wins the Battle of Brunanburh September 21 - Magdeburg is now the capital of the Holy Roman Empire, after a Diet held by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor Births Deaths July 14 - Arnulf I of Bavaria Categories: 937 ... Wu 吳 (also refered to as Huainan 淮南) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China which was in existance between the years of 904 and 937. ... Southern Tang (also refered to as Nantang) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created following the Tang Dynasty from 937-976. ...

Although more stable than North China as a whole, South China was also torn apart by warfare. Wu quarrelled with her neighbours, a trend that continued as Wu was replaced with Southern Tang. In the 940's Min and Chu underwent internal crises which Southern Tang handily took advantage of, destroying Min in 945 and Chu in 951. (Remnants of Min and Chu, however, survived in the form of Qingyuan Jiedushi and Wuping Jiedushi for many years after.) With this, Southern Tang became the undisputedly most powerful regime of Southern China. However, it was unable to defeat incursions by the Later Zhou Dynasty between 956 and 958, and ceded away all of its land north of the Yangtze River. Wu 吳 (also refered to as Huainan 淮南) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China which was in existance between the years of 904 and 937. ... Southern Tang (also refered to as Nantang) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created following the Tang Dynasty from 937-976. ... Min 閩 was one of the Ten Kingdoms which was in existence between the years of 909 and 945. ... Chu (楚) was a kingdom in what-is-now China during the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. ... Events Saint Dunstan abbot at Glastonbury Edmund I of England conquers Strathclyde Howell the Good convenes a conference at Whitland, which reforms the laws of Wales Births Abbo of Fleury, French monk Deaths Igor of Kiev Categories: 945 ... Events Allat the Maharana of Mewar come to powers. ... The Zhou Dynasty (周朝; Wade-Giles: Chou Dynasty) (late 10th century BC to late 9th century BC - 256 BC) followed the Shang (Yin) Dynasty and preceded the Qin Dynasty in China. ... Deaths April 8 - Gilbert of Chalon, Duke of Burgundy Categories: 956 ... Events Kshemgupta, King of Kashmir dies and is succeeded by his young son Abhimanyu. ... Length 6,380 km Elevation of the source  ? m Average discharge 31,900 m³/s Area watershed 1,800,000 km² Origin Qinghai Province and Tibet Mouth East China Sea Basin countries China The Yangtze River (Chinese: 扬子江; pinyin: ) is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in...

The Northern Song Dynasty, established in 960, was determined to reunify China. Jingnan and Wuping were swept away in 963, Later Shu in 965, Southern Han in 971, Southern Tang in 975. Finally, Wuyue and Qingyuan gave up their land to Northern Song in 978, bringing all of South China into the control of the central government. Alternative meaning: Song Dynasty (420-479) The Song dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... Events Edgar the Peaceable crowned King of England. ... Jingnan (also called Nanping) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created following the Tang Dynasty from 902-979. ... Events Holy Roman Emperor Otto I defeats Mieszko I of Poland, compels him to pay tribute Luxembourg is founded, and the Blegium area becomes part of the United Provinces of the Netherlands. ... Later Shu (Hou Shu, 後蜀) was one of the Ten Kingdoms located in Sichuan basin which was in existance between the years of 934 and 965. ... Events March 1 - Pope Benedict V is put in place of Pope Leo VIII by the people October 1 - John XIII becomes Pope The Khazar fortress of Sarkel falls to the Kievan Rus Births Sweyn I of Denmark Deaths February 22 - Odo, Duke of Burgundy July 4 - Pope Benedict V... Southern Han (Traditional Chinese: 南漢; Simplified Chinese: 南汉; pinyin: ) was a kingdom that existed from 917 to 971 in what is now Guangdong and Guangxi, along the southern coast of China. ... Events Births Deaths Culen of Scotland Categories: 971 ... Southern Tang (also refered to as Nantang) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created following the Tang Dynasty from 937-976. ... Events Coronation of King Edward the Martyr Births Deaths July 8 Edgar of England Categories: 975 ... Kingdom of Wuyue (吴越国, Pinyin: Wuyueguo), 852-988 AD, was an independent coastal kingdom founded by King Qian Liu and covered what is today Shanghai, all of Zhejiang Province and the southern portion of Jiangsu Province. ... Events Badìa Fiorentina, an abbey in Italy, is founded by Willa, Margravine of Tuscany. ...

List of Sovereigns

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

Other regimes

The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centred at its capital in Constantinople. ... Events Duke Boleslav of Bohemia is subjugated. ... Events Holy Roman Emperor Otto I defeats Mieszko I of Poland, compels him to pay tribute Luxembourg is founded, and the Blegium area becomes part of the United Provinces of the Netherlands. ... The term strategos (plural strategoi) is used in Greek to mean general. In the Byzantine Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor (see Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy). ... Events Duke Boleslav of Bohemia is subjugated. ... Events First time that Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal appeared in a roman map. ... The term strategos (plural strategoi) is used in Greek to mean general. In the Byzantine Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor (see Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy). ... Events First time that Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal appeared in a roman map. ... Deaths April 8 - Gilbert of Chalon, Duke of Burgundy Categories: 956 ... The term strategos (plural strategoi) is used in Greek to mean general. In the Byzantine Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor (see Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy). ... Deaths April 8 - Gilbert of Chalon, Duke of Burgundy Categories: 956 ... Events February 2 - Pope John XII crowns Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor. ... The term strategos (plural strategoi) is used in Greek to mean general. In the Byzantine Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor (see Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy). ... Events February 2 - Pope John XII crowns Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor. ... Events Holy Roman Emperor Otto I defeats Mieszko I of Poland, compels him to pay tribute Luxembourg is founded, and the Blegium area becomes part of the United Provinces of the Netherlands. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centred at its capital in Constantinople. ... Events Saint Dunstan abbot at Glastonbury Edmund I of England conquers Strathclyde Howell the Good convenes a conference at Whitland, which reforms the laws of Wales Births Abbo of Fleury, French monk Deaths Igor of Kiev Categories: 945 ... Events Badìa Fiorentina, an abbey in Italy, is founded by Willa, Margravine of Tuscany. ... The term strategos (plural strategoi) is used in Greek to mean general. In the Byzantine Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor (see Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy). ... Events Saint Dunstan abbot at Glastonbury Edmund I of England conquers Strathclyde Howell the Good convenes a conference at Whitland, which reforms the laws of Wales Births Abbo of Fleury, French monk Deaths Igor of Kiev Categories: 945 ... Events February 2 - Pope John XII crowns Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor. ... The term strategos (plural strategoi) is used in Greek to mean general. In the Byzantine Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor (see Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy). ... Events February 2 - Pope John XII crowns Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor. ... The term strategos (plural strategoi) is used in Greek to mean general. In the Byzantine Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor (see Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy). ... Events February 2 - Pope John XII crowns Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor. ... Events Holy Roman Emperor Otto I defeats Mieszko I of Poland, compels him to pay tribute Luxembourg is founded, and the Blegium area becomes part of the United Provinces of the Netherlands. ... The term strategos (plural strategoi) is used in Greek to mean general. In the Byzantine Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor (see Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy). ... Events Holy Roman Emperor Otto I defeats Mieszko I of Poland, compels him to pay tribute Luxembourg is founded, and the Blegium area becomes part of the United Provinces of the Netherlands. ... Events Badìa Fiorentina, an abbey in Italy, is founded by Willa, Margravine of Tuscany. ...

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