NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Flag of the People's Republic of China

The 'flag of the People's Republic of China, the "Five-Starred Red Flag (五星红旗 in pinyin: wǔ xīng hóng qí)", was designed by Zeng Liansong, an economist and artist from Ruian (瑞安 ruì ān), Zhejiang. He designed it in response to a circular distributed by the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) in July 1949, shortly after they came to power. Out of more than 3,000 entries received for the design competition, Zeng's was chosen after being nominated as one of the 38 finalists. Mao Zedong hoisted the first flag on a pole overlooking Tiananmen Square on the day of its unveiling. Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ... This is an incomplete list of names used for specific flags, either as officially designated titles or traditional nicknames. ... The design and description of flags typically uses specialised flag terminology with precise and technical meanings, and is hence a form of jargon. ... For other uses, see Flag (disambiguation). ... Ensign of the Imperial Japanese Navy. ... Image File history File links FIAV_110110. ... is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Zeng Liansong (1917-1999, Traditional Chinese: æ›¾è¯æ¾, Simplified Chinese: æ›¾è”æ¾, Pinyin: ZÄ“ng LiÃ¡nsÅng) was the designer of the Flag of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Image File history File links Peoples_Liberation_Army_Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ... The design and description of flags typically uses specialised flag terminology with precise and technical meanings, and is hence a form of jargon. ... A war flag (or military flag) is a variant of a national flag for use by the nations military forces on land. ... For other uses, see Flag (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links FIAV_001000. ... Image File history File links Naval_Ensign_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China. ... The design and description of flags typically uses specialised flag terminology with precise and technical meanings, and is hence a form of jargon. ... A naval ensign is the flag used by a countrys navy on their ships. ... Ensign of the Imperial Japanese Navy. ... Image File history File links FIAV_000001. ... For other uses, see Flag (disambiguation). ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Zeng Liansong (1917-1999, Traditional Chinese: æ›¾è¯æ¾, Simplified Chinese: æ›¾è”æ¾, Pinyin: ZÄ“ng LiÃ¡nsÅng) was the designer of the Flag of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Alan Greenspan, former chairman, United States Federal Reserve. ... The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of activities to do with creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art. ... Ruian (Simplified Chinese: , Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: RÃ¹iÄn) is a city on the east coast of China, in the Zhejiang province. ... Zhejiang (also spelled Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference (中国人民政治协商会议 Pinyin: Zhongguo renmin zhengzhi xieshang huiyi), abbreviated CPPCC, is an advisory body in the Peoples Republic of China. ... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mao redirects here. ... For the 1989 protest, see Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. ...

History of the design

The design went through several changes and was finally approved by the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference on September 27, 1949 at their First Plenary Session. The original design plans contained several alterations in comparison with the modern-day flag. The Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference (中国人民政治协商会议 Pinyin: Zhongguo renmin zhengzhi xieshang huiyi), abbreviated CPPCC, is an advisory body in the Peoples Republic of China. ... is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Three of the original flag candidates showed the large golden star (with no additional stars anywhere else) along with one, two, or three yellow bars (horizontal) at the bottom of the flag, representing the Yangtze, Huang He (Yellow River) and the Zhujiang River (Pearl River). They were not chosen by the officials, however, because the very presence of these bars appeared to suggest the idea of a tearing or splitting of the nation. The Yangtze River or Chang Jiang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), or Drichu in Tibetan (Tibetan: à½ à½–; Wylie: bri chu) is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in the world, after the Nile in Africa, and the Amazon in South America. ... For other Yellow Rivers, see Yellow River (disambiguation). ... The Pearl River (珠江 Pinyin: Zhū Jiāng) is Chinas third largest river (2197 km, after Huang He and the Yangtze) located in the south, flowing into the South China Sea between Hong Kong and Macau. ...

The final design was a red with a large yellow five-pointed star and four smaller yellow five-pointed stars (arranged in a vertical arc toward the middle of the flag) in the upper hoist-side corner. The color red symbolizes the spirit of the revolution, and the five stars signify the unity of the people of China under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party. The flag was officially unveiled in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square on October 1, 1949, the formal announcement of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Communist Party of China flag The Communist Party of China (Simplified Chinese: 中国共产党; Traditional Chinese: 中國共産黨; pinyin: Zhōnggu ngchǎndǎng) is the ruling party of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Peking redirects here. ... For the 1989 protest, see Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. ... is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... People on the stairs to the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago In general, the English word people refers to a specific group of humans, or to persons in a general sense. ...

Symbolism

The current design uses red as its background and bright yellow for its stars. The red background symbolizes the blood shed throughout the revolution. The yellow color mainly symbolizes the glorious history and culture of the Chinese people and was partly inherited from the previous flag color of Soviet Union, which was also a combination of red and yellow, in which case the yellow symbolizes the brightness of the communist future.

The larger star symbolizes the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the four smaller stars that surround the big star symbolize the four classes of Chinese that were considered unitable by Mao at that historical time (from one of Mao's work: On The People's Democratic Dictatorship); these are the Workers, Peasants, Petty Bourgeoisie (i.e. Small Business Class), and National Bourgeoisie (i.e. Chinese non-governmental businessmen). It should be noted that the view of the bourgeoisie classes was changed in the political movements afterwards. Readers should be aware that there are alternative interpretations, such as five stars representing the five biggest ethnic groups or the four stars representing the classes not exactly like the four mentioned above. Unfortunately, these interpretations have no historical basis. The most popular interpretation is the four stars represent the four occupations central to the state, which are Farmers, Workers, Soldiers, and Teachers. The one important point to note here is that the bigger star represents the Chinese Communist Party which is claimed as the leader of all. The Communist Party of China (CPC) (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), also known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China, a position guaranteed by the countrys constitution. ...

Alternate designs

Two other designs featuring the large star with four smaller stars were also discussed. One of them showed four stars in a vertical line below the large golden star. This was rejected out of fears that it would suggest class incompatibilities and struggles. The other flag was very much the current-day PRC flag, but had the hammer and sickle in red, inside the largest golden star. The Communist icon was removed because the PRC would be a Maoist leadership, not a complete mirror of a Communist state. The hammer and sickle in the flag, were it to survive, would also further complicate relations with the other four stars it represented (two smaller stars already represented the workers and the farmers; if the hammer (workers) and the sickle (farmers) were added once again to the flag, there could well be class inequalities and too similar to the flag of Soviet Union.) Maoism or Mao Zedong Thought (Chinese: 毛澤東思想, pinyin: Máo Zédōng Sīxiǎng), also called Marxism-Leninism–Mao Zedong Thought or Marxism-Leninism-Maoism (MLM), is a variant of communism derived from the teachings of Mao Zedong (1893–1976). ...

The usage of the flag is governed by the Law of the National Flag of the People's Republic of China. It is often raised to the music of the "March of the Volunteers," the national anthem. The Constitution of the People's Republic of China defines the flag in Article 136. March of the Volunteers (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is the national anthem of the Peoples Republic of China, written in the midst of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) by the noted poet and playwright Tian Han with music composed by Nie Er. ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a countrys government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ... The Constitution of the Peoples Republic of China (ä¸åŽäººæ°‘å…±å’Œå›½å®ªæ³•; pinyin: ZhÅnghuÃ¡ RÃ©nmÃn GÃ²nghÃ©guÃ³ XiÃ nfÇŽ) is the highest law within the Peoples Republic of China. ...

Image File history File links Construction_sheet_of_Flag_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China. ... Image File history File links Construction_sheet_of_Flag_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China. ...

See also

This is a list of current and historical flags used in the geographic area of China, including both the Peoples Republic of China (Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau) and the Republic of China. ... The National Emblem of the Peoples Republic of China (ä¸åŽäººæ°‘å…±å’Œå›½å›½å¾½) contains a representation of Tiananmen Gate, the entrance gate of the Forbidden City from the Tiananmen Square in Beijing, in a red circle. ... Flag of Taiwan redirects here. ... Historically, and most generally, the red flag is an international symbol for the blood of angry workers. ... Special administrative region may be: Peoples Republic of China Special administrative regions, present-day administrative divisions (as of 2006) set up by the Peoples Republic of China to administer Hong Kong (since 1997) and Macau (since 1999) Republic of China Special administrative regions, also translated as special administrative... The flag of the HKSAR Flag ratio: 2:3 The HKSAR and the PRC flags brandishing at the patio of the Legislative Council. ... Flag ratio: 2:3, The differences between this edition and old one are stars, bridge, color, and water. ...

External links

The Dannebrog, national flag of Denmark, is the oldest state flag still in use. ... A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ... The Dannebrog, national flag of Denmark, is the oldest state flag still in use. ... This gallery of sovereign-state flags shows the flags of sovereign states in the list of sovereign states. ... This overview contains the flags of dependent territories. ... This overview contains the flags of self-proclaimed states that have declared their independence, exert control over (at least part of) the claimed territory and population, but have not been acknowledged as independent states by the international community at large. ... This article is intended as a list of flags from micronations - that is, unrecognised statelike entities that are largely or wholly ephemeral in nature. ... This gallery contains the flags of states that were (at least de facto) independent in the past. ... A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ... This gallery of sovereign state coats of arms shows the coat of arms of sovereign states in the list of sovereign states. ... This overview shows the coat of arms of dependent territories. ... This overview contains the coats of arms of self-proclaimed states that have declared their independence, exert control over (at least part of) the claimed territory and population, but have not been acknowledged as independent states by the international community at large. ... This overview contains the coats of arms of micronations, self-proclaimed statelike entities that are largely or wholly ephemeral in nature. ... Peoples Republic of China (PRC) and Republic of China (Taiwan) For other meanings, see China (disambiguation). ... China stretches some 5,000 kilometers across the East Asian landmass in an eratically changing configuration of broad plains, expansive deserts, and lofty mountain ranges, including vast areas of inhospitable terrain. ... The Water resources of China are affected by pollution, contamination and regional scarcity. ... This is a list of rivers which are at least partially located in China, classified according to their respective termini: // Indus (å°åº¦æ²³) Yarlung Tsangpo River (Brahmaputra) (é›…é²è—å¸ƒæ±Ÿ) (joins the Ganges) [1] Salween (è¨å°”æ¸©æ±Ÿ or æ€’æ±Ÿ) Mekong (æ±Ÿ) Red River (Vietnam) (çº¢æ²³, a. ... Lakes in China include: Dagze Co Lake Dian Dongting Lake Erhai Lake Gaoyou Lake Hongze Lake Lugu Lake Luoma Lake Lake Poyang Qiandao Lake Qinghai Hu (Koko Nor) Taihu Lake Tianchi West Lake Yangcheng Lake Lumajangdong See also: Lake Tianchi Monster http://www. ... 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Provinces ï¼ˆSimplified Chinese: çœ, Traditional Chinese: çœ, Hanyu Pinyin romanization: shÄ›ngï¼‰ Autonomous regions ï¼ˆSimplified Chinese: è‡ªæ²»åŒº, Traditional Chinese: è‡ªæ²»å€, Hanyu Pinyin romanization: ZÃ¬zhÃ¬qÅ«ï¼‰ Municipalities ï¼ˆSimplified Chinese: ç›´è¾–å¸‚, Traditional Chinese: ç›´è½„å¸‚, Hanyu Pinyin romanization: ZhÃxiÃ¡shÃ¬) Special Administrative Regions ï¼ˆSimplified Chinese: ç‰¹åˆ«è¡Œæ”¿åŒº, Traditional Chinese: ç‰¹åˆ¥è¡Œæ”¿å€, Hanyu Pinyin romanization: TÃ¨biÃ© xÃngzhÃ¨ngqÅ«ï¼‰ ... A province, in the context of China, is a translation of Sheng (Chinese: çœ ShÄ›ng), which is an administrative division of China. ... According to administrative divisions of the Peoples Republic of China, there are three level of cities, namely municipalities, prefecture-level cities, and county-level cities. ... The North China Plain (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), also called the Central Plain(s) (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is based on the deposits of the Huang He (Yellow River) and is the largest alluvial plain of eastern Asia. ... Zhongyuan redirects here. ... China, with its large territory, spans across the longitude of five time zones. ... // Introduction China is one of the most victimized countries in the world by natural disasters. ... East China Charter Township is a charter township located in St. ... Approximate extent Northeast China (Simplified Chinese: 东北; Traditional Chinese: 東北; pinyin: Dōngběi; literally east-north), historically known as Manchuria, is the name of a region (ca. ... Northern Peoples Republic of China region. ... Western China refers to the western part of China. ... Northwestern China (è¥¿åŒ—,xÄ«bÄ›i) includes Xinjiang, Xizang(Tibet), Ningxia, and Gansu. ... The southwestern Peoples Republic of China region. ... 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When the Communist Party of China came to power in 1949, its leaders fundamental long-range goals were to transform China into a modern, powerful, socialist nation. ... Chinese Economic Reform (Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) refers to the program of economic changes called Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the mainland of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) that were started in 1978 by pragmatists within the Communist Party of China (CPC) led by Deng Xiaoping and are ongoing... This article is on transportation in mainland China. ... This article is about Communications in mainland China. ... Chinas financial system is highly regulated and relatively underdeveloped, but has recently begun to expand rapidly as monetary policy becomes integral to its overall economic policy. ... Special Economic Zones of the Peoples Republic of China are Special Economic Zones (SEZs) located in mainland China. ... Foreign aid to the Peoples Republic of China takes the form of both bilateral and multilateral official development assistance and official aid to individual recipients. ... Headline text Matthew David Walker ... The term Administration, as used in the context of government, differs according to jurisdiction. ... The National Emblem of the Peoples Republic of China (ä¸åŽäººæ°‘å…±å’Œå›½å›½å¾½) contains a representation of Tiananmen Gate, the entrance gate of the Forbidden City from the Tiananmen Square in Beijing, in a red circle. ... March of the Volunteers (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is the national anthem of the Peoples Republic of China, written in the midst of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) by the noted poet and playwright Tian Han with music composed by Nie Er. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Government of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Elections in the Peoples Republic of China take two forms: elections for selected local government positions in selected rural villages, and elections by Communist Party peoples congresses for the national legislature: the National Peoples Congress (Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Flag of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) The Nationality Law of the Peoples Republic of China (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ZhÅnghuÃ¡ RÃ©nmÃn GÃ²nghÃ©guÃ³ guÃ³jÃ fÇŽ) regulates citizenship in the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ... The civil service of the Peoples Republic of China consists of civil servants of all levels who run the day-to-day affairs in mainland China. ... The Chinese court system is based on civil law, modeled after the legal systems of Germany and France. ... Since the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949, the Military of the Peoples Republic of China has grown to include the active and reserve forces of the Peoples Liberation Army, the Peoples Liberation Army Navy, the Peoples Armed Police and the Militia... This article is a list of universities in the Peoples Republic of China by province (22), autonomous region (5), municipality (4), and special administrative region (2). ... This article is about the welfare system in the Peoples Republic of China. ... The foreign relations of the Peoples Republic of China draws upon traditions extending back to China in the Qing Dynasty and the Opium Wars, despite China having undergone many radical upheavals over the past two and a half centuries. ... 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Contents

Symbolism

Alternate designs

See also

External links