 A World War I-era parachute flare dropped from aircraft for illumination. A flare is a type of pyrotechnic that produces a brilliant light or intense heat without an explosion. Flares are used for signaling, illumination, or defensive countermeasures in civilian and military applications. WWI parachute flare. ...
WWI parachute flare. ...
Combatants Allied Powers: Russian Empire France British Empire Italy United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary German Empire Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Commanders Nikolay II Aleksey Brusilov Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Ferdinand Foch Robert Nivelle Herbert H. Asquith D. Lloyd George Sir Douglas Haig Sir John Jellicoe Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna...
The word pyrotechnic (literally meaning fire technology) refers to any chemical explosive device, but especially fireworks. ...
A countermeasure is a system (usually for a military application) designed to prevent weapons from acquiring and/or destroying a target. ...
Delivery and composition
 A IHB brakeman uses a fusee to demonstrate a hand signal indicating "stop". Flares generally produce their light through the combustion of magnesium metal, sometimes colored by the inclusion of other metals. Calcium flares are used underwater for illumination. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (680x902, 28 KB) Summary A brakeman for the Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad, in January 1943, demonstrates a signal indicating stop with a fusee. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (680x902, 28 KB) Summary A brakeman for the Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad, in January 1943, demonstrates a signal indicating stop with a fusee. ...
The Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad (AAR reporting mark IHB) is a Class II railroad in the United States. ...
A brakeman is a trainboard rail transport worker. ...
Combustion or burning is a complex sequence of chemical reactions between a fuel and an oxidant accompanied by the production of heat or both heat and light in the form of either a glow or flames. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number magnesium, Mg, 12 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 3, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 24. ...
Hot metal work from a blacksmith In chemistry, a metal (Greek: Metallon) is an element that readily loses electrons to form positive ions (cations) and has metallic bonds between metal atoms. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number calcium, Ca, 20 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 4, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 40. ...
Flares may be ground pyrotechnics, projectile pyrotechnics, or parachute-suspended to provide maximum illumination time over a large area. Projectile pyrotechnics may be dropped from aircraft, fired from rocket or artillery, or deployed by handheld percussive tubes. Flares may also be dropped in the water to illuminate submerged objects.
Civilian use In the civilian world, flares are commonly used as distress signals, and may be ignited on the ground or fired as an aerial signal from a pistol-like flare gun. Flare guns are commonly found in marine survival kits. A distress signal is an internationally recognized means of obtaining help by using a radio, displaying a visual object or making noise from a distance. ...
A Browning 9 millimeter Hi-Power Ordnance pistol of the French Navy, 19th century, using a Percussion cap mechanism Derringers were small and easily hidden. ...
A flare gun is a gun that shoots flares. ...
Another type of flare is the fusee, which burns for 15-60 minutes with a bright red light. Fusees are commonly used to indicate obstacles or advise caution on roadways at night; in this usage they are also called highway flares or ground flares. They are commonly found in roadside emergency kits. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 578 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Flare (pyrotechnic) ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 578 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Flare (pyrotechnic) ...
Real Zaragoza is a Spanish football team from Zaragoza in Aragón. ...
RCD Espanyol de Barcelona (Catalan: Reial Club Deportiu Espanyol de Barcelona) is a Spanish sports club based in Barcelona. ...
Copa Del Rey logo The Copa del Rey is an annual cup competition for Spanish football teams. ...
In forestry and firefighting, fusees are sometimes used in wildland fire suppression and in the ignition of controlled burns. They are especially effective in igniting burnouts or backburns in very dry conditions, but not so effective when fuel conditions are moist. Since controlled burns are often done during relatively high humidity levels (on the grounds that they could not be safely contained during periods of very low humidity), the driptorch is more effective and more often used. Fusees are also commonly carried by wildland firefighters for emergency use, to ignite an escape fire in surrounding fuels in case of being overrun by a fire if no other escape routes are available. The 2003 Okanagan Mountain Park Fire was a large forest fire that took place in British Columbia, Canada in 2003. ...
Igniting a controlled burn. ...
Using a driptorch to ignite a prescribed fire A driptorch is a tool used in wildland firefighting, controlled burning, and other forestry applications to intentionally ignite fires. ...
An escape fire is a fire lit to clear an area of vegetation in the face of an approaching wildfire when no escape exists. ...
Fusees are also known as railroad flares and are used to perform hand signals in rail transport applications. Since they can be used only once, fusees nowadays are usually intended for emergency use (as opposed to the incandescent lanterns typically used during normal operating conditions). However, in the days before train radio communications, fusees were used to keep trains apart on un-signaled lines. A railroad fusee was timed to burn for 5 minutes and quantities were dropped behind a train to ensure a safe spacing. If a following train encountered a burning fusee it was not to pass until the fusee burned out. Railway tracks running through a railway station in North East England A railway yard in Portland, Oregon. ...
Military use
Land Ground military forces in need of a large-area illumination for artilleries or for an attack, often request the delivery of parachute-flares. Ground forces may also deploy hand-held flares for aerial or ground signaling to indicate the correct area for releasing ordnance, deploying paratroopers, or landing an aircraft. In World War II, clusters of coloured flares were deployed by reconnaissance aircraft or pathfinders to mark targets for bomber missions and supply drops. Artillery with Gabion fortification Cannons on display at Fort Point Continental Artillery crew from the American Revolution Firing of an 18-pound gun, Louis-Philippe Crepin, (1772 – 1851) A forge-welded Iron Cannon in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. ...
An American Paratrooper using a T-10C series parachute Paratroopers are soldiers trained in parachuting and formed into an airborne force. ...
Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...
Mixed reconnaissance patrol of the Polish Home Army and the Soviet Red Army during Operation Tempest, 1944 Reconnaissance is the military term for the active gathering of information about an enemy, or other conditions, by physical observation. ...
One version of the patch worn on the uniforms of American pathfinders who served during World War II. During World War II, the pathfinders were a group of volunteers selected within the Airborne units who were specially trained to operate navigation aids to guide the main airborne body to the...
A bomber is a military aircraft designed to attack ground targets, primarily by dropping boobs. ...
Sea Naval flares may be employed by naval forces to illuminate undersea targets such as submarines at depth. Naval flares are also launched from anti-submarine aircraft from fixed, multi-barrel, ejectors on the sides of the fuselage. Navy is also:- shorthand for Navy Blue the nickname of the United States Naval Academy A navy is the branch of the armed forces of a nation that operates primarily on water. ...
German UC-1 class World War I submarine A model of Günther Priens Unterseeboot 47 (U-47), German WWII Type VII diesel-electric hunter Typhoon class nuclear ballistic missile submarine USS Virginia, a Virginia-class nuclear attack (SSN) submarine A submarine is a watercraft that can operate underwater...
The fuselage can be short, and seemingly unaerodynamic, as in this Christen Eagle 2 The fuselage (from the French fuselé spindle-shaped) is an aircrafts main body section that holds crew and passengers or cargo. ...
Air
 An AC-130H releases decoy flares A special variety of flare is used in military aircraft as a defensive countermeasure against heat-seeking missiles. These flares are usually discharged individually or in salvoes by the pilot or automatically by tail-warning devices, and are accompanied by vigorous evasive maneuvering. Since they are intended to deceive infrared missiles, these flares burn at temperatures of thousands of degrees, incandescing in the visible spectrum as well. Soids are floating flares that are effective only in the terminal phase of missiles with infrared signature seeker heads. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1247x800, 175 KB) A U.S. Air Force AC-130H Spectre gunship. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1247x800, 175 KB) A U.S. Air Force AC-130H Spectre gunship. ...
The AC-130 Gunship is an armed variant of the Lockheed C-130 Hercules. ...
RNAFs F-16, firing countermeasures (flares) during a solo display at Radom Air Show 2005 A countermeasure is a system (usually for a military application) designed to prevent sensor-based weapons from acquiring and/or destroying a target. ...
Infra-red homing refers to a guidance system which uses the infra-red light emission from a target to track it. ...
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