NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Flight attendant

In aviation, flight attendants — also known as Cabin Crew, stewards, air hosts/hostesses, or stewardesses, — are members of a flight crew employed by airlines to ensure the safety and comfort of the passengers aboard commercial flights. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (960x1280, 165 KB) Cabin in an Embraer ERJ 145 LR (PBAir) made by myself in 2004 hostess gave verbal consent for publication Work by Matthias Sebulke AKA Mattes (Write a message) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (960x1280, 165 KB) Cabin in an Embraer ERJ 145 LR (PBAir) made by myself in 2004 hostess gave verbal consent for publication Work by Matthias Sebulke AKA Mattes (Write a message) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link... Embraer, the Empresa Brasileira de AeronÃ¡utica S.A. is a Brazilian aircraft manufacturer. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... PBAir is a regional airline based in Bangkok, Thailand. ... Aviation encompasses all the activities relating to airborne devices created by human ingenuity, generally known as aircraft. ... Aircrew redirects here. ... An Airbus A380 of Emirates Airline An airline provides air transport services for passengers or freight. ... A passenger is a term broadly used to describe any person who travels in a vehicle, but bears little or no responsibility for the tasks required for that vehicle to arrive at its destination. ... A passenger airline is an airline dedicated to the transport of passengers. ...

Overview

The primary and overriding responsibility of flight attendants is passenger safety.^[1] They are often tasked with the secondary function of seeing to the care and comfort of the passengers, insofar as this does not interfere with their safety responsibilities. They are often perceived by the flying public as waiting staff or servants because there is not a full understanding of the career, the majority of their regular and rare duties are safety related and are the priority above customer service. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 783 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1420 Ã— 1088 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 783 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1420 Ã— 1088 pixel, file size: 1. ... Deutsche Lufthansa AG (ISIN: DE0008232125) (pronounced ) is the largest airline in Europe in terms of overall passengers carried (second is Air France - KLM), and the flag carrier of Germany. ... In-flight safety demonstration (Lufthansa Flight attendant) The in-flight safety demonstration (also known as a pre-flight briefing or simply the safety video) is a detailed explanation given before takeoff to airline passengers about the safety features of a commercial aircraft. ... Air safety is a broad term encompassing the theory, investigation and categorization of flight failures, and the prevention of such failures through appropriate regulation, as well as through education and training. ... Waitress redirects here. ... It has been suggested that servant (domestic) be merged into this article or section. ...

The role of a flight attendant ultimately derives from that of similar positions on passenger ships or passenger trains, but it has more direct involvement with passengers because of the confined quarters and often shorter travel times on aircraft. Additionally, the job of a flight attendant revolves around safety to a much greater extent than those of similar staff on other forms of transportation. Flight attendants on board a flight collectively form a cabin crew, as distinguished from pilots and engineers in the cockpit. For other uses, see Ship (disambiguation). ... Restored passenger cars on display at the Mid-Continent Railway Museum in North Freedom, WI. A passenger car is a piece of railroad rolling stock that is designed to carry passengers. ... Flying machine redirects here. ... For other uses, see Aviator (disambiguation). ... In aviation, a flight engineer (also referred to as systems operator ) is a member of the aircrew of an aircraft who is responsible for checking the aircraft before and after each flight, and for monitoring aircraft systems during flight. ... VC-10 (1960s) Airliner Cockpit. ...

The majority of a Flight Attendant's duties are safety related. Prior to each flight, Flight Attendants attend a safety briefing with the Pilots & Purser. During this briefing they go over safety and emergency checklists, the locations and amounts of emergency equipment and other features specific to that aircraft type. Boarding particulars are verified, such as special needs passengers, small children travelling as Unaccompanied Minors or VIP's. Weather conditions are discussed including anticipated turbulence. Prior to each flight a safety check is conducted to ensure all equipment such as lifevests, flashlights and firefighting equipment are onboard, in the right quantity, and in proper condition. Any unserviceable or missing items must be reported and rectified prior to takeoff. They must monitor the cabin for any unusual smells or situations and maintain certain precautions such as keeping doors disarmed or open during fuelling on the ground. They assist with the loading of carry-on baggage, checking for weight, size and dangerous goods. They then must do a safety demonstration or monitor passengers as they watch a safety video demonstrating the safety features of the aircraft. They then must do a "Crosscheck" ensuring tray tables are stowed, seats are in their upright positions, armrests down and carry ons stowed correctly and seatbelts fastened prior to takeoff.

Flight Attendants must conduct cabin checks every 20-30 minutes, especially during night flights to check on the passengers, and listen for any unusual noises or situations. Checks must also be done on the lavatory to ensure the smoke detector hasn't been disactivated, there are no issues with the equipment, nobody having trouble in there or smoking, and to restock supplies as needed. Regular cockpit checks must be done to ensure the pilot's health and safety. On long haul flights water is offered every 20-30 minutes to maintain proper hydration, important for extended periods in the dry atmosphere of the cabin at high altitudes. They must respond immediately to call lights dealing with special requests and smaller emergencies including a wide variety of inflight emergencies that do happen from time to time and special requests. During turbulence Crosschecks must be conducted and during severe turbulence all service equipment must also be stowed. Prior to landing all loose items, trays and garbage must be collected and secured along with service and galley equipment. All hot liquids must be disposed of.A final crosscheck must then be completed prior to landing. They must remain aware as the majority of mechanical emergencies occur during takeoff and landing. Upon landing Flight Attendants must remain stationed at exits and monitor the airplane and cabin as passengers deplane. Assisting any special needs passengers and small children off the airplane, escorting the children and following the proper paperwork and ID process to escort them to the designated person picking them up.

Flight Attendants are highly trained for a wide variety of emergencies and how to respond. More frequent situations may include a bleeding nose, illness, small injuries, intoxicated passengers, aggressive and anxiety stricken passengers. Emergency training includes rejected takeoffs, emergency landings, cardiac and inflight medical situations, smoke in the cabin, fires, depressurization, onboard births & deaths, dangerous goods & spills in the cabin as well as land and water landings including the preparation of passengers & the cabin, the evacuation with slides or rafts and then the followup survival skills which include environments as open water, jungle, water, tropical and arctic climates, along with a variety of emergency equipment.

The main and always the PRIMARY duty of a Flight Attendant is for SAFETY but they do also provide a caregiving and customer role onboard commercial flights. Customer service duties include the preparation, serving or selling of onboard food and beverage. Flight Attendants also offer comfort items including blankets, pillows, hot towel service, handing out headsets, magazines, newspapers, amenity kits, games and on certain airlines hand out pyjamas and set up and make the lie flat beds. They also distribute customs forms on international flights and assist passengers with their proper completion prior to landing.

The Purser , the lead Flight Attendant are onboard larger aircraft with multiple Flight Attendants onboard. They oversee the safety and service duties of the Flight Attendants inflight. They report when the cabin is secure for takeoff & landing, and any broken or missing emergency equipment items to the Pilots after the preflight check. They generally operate the doors during routine flights as well as hold the manifest and account for all money and required paperwork and reports for each flight. An Assistant Purser may also be onboard the largest aircraft types. Pursers are Flight Attendants or a related job with an airline for several years typically prior to application for & further training to become a Purser, and typically earn a higher salary than Flight Attendants with the added responsibility.

Many regions mandate the presence of flight attendants on commercial aircraft, based on the passenger capacity of the aircraft and other factors. This mandate generally relates only to their function as safety technicians.

Qualifications

Training

Flight attendants are normally trained in the hub or headquarters city of an airline over a period that may run from six weeks to six months, depending on the country. The main focus of training is safety. One flight attendant is required for every 50 passenger seats on board in the United States, but many airlines have chosen to increase that number. One of the most elaborate training facilities was Breech Academy which Trans World Airlines (TWA) opened in 1969 in Overland Park, Kansas, U.S. Other airlines were to also send their attendants to the school. However, during the fare wars the school's viability declined and it closed around 1988. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 569 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1187 Ã— 1251 pixel, file size: 846 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 569 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1187 Ã— 1251 pixel, file size: 846 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Singapore Girls, icons of Singapore Airlines. ... Singapore Airlines Boeing 747-400 9V-SPA takes off from London Heathrow Airport bound for Singapore Changi Airport. ... An airline hub is an airport that an airline uses as a transfer point to get passengers to their intended destination. ... Breech Academy (also called Breech Training Academy) was a school operated by TWA to train flight attendants. ... Trans World Airlines (IATA: TW, ICAO: TWA, and Callsign: TWA), commonly known as TWA, was an American airline company that was acquired by American Airlines in April 2001. ... Overland Park is the second most populous city in the U.S. state of Kansas. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ...

Safety training includes, but is not limited to: emergency passenger evacuation management, use of evacuation slides / life rafts, in-flight fire fighting, survival in the jungle, sea, desert, ice, first aid, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), defibrillation, ditching/emergency landing procedures, decompression emergencies, Crew Resource Management and security. Evacuation slide on a Boeing 767 (simulation) An evacuation slide is an inflatable slide used to evacuate an aircraft quickly. ... A repair locker hose team aboard USS John F. Kennedy (CV 67) combats a controlled fire on the mobile aircraft firefighting training device May 2, 2006. ... First aid is a series of simple, life-saving medical techniques that a non-doctor or layman can be trained to perform. ... CPR redirects here. ... Typical view of defibrillation in progress, with the operator at the head, but clear of contact with the patient Defibrillation is the definitive treatment for the life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia. ... A Mute Swan performs a water landing Water landing is, in the broadest sense, landing on a body of water. ... An emergency landing is a non-planned landing made by an aircraft in response to a crisis. ... Explosive decompression (ED) is a sudden drop in pressure that occurs in 0. ... Crew (or Cockpit) Resource Management (CRM) training originated from a NASA workshop in 1979 that focused on improving air safety. ...

Language

Multilingual flight attendants are often in demand to accommodate international travellers. The languages most in demand, other than English, are Mandarin, Cantonese, Japanese, French, German, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian.^{[citation needed]} Bilingual redirects here. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... This article is on all of the Northern and Southwestern Chinese dialects. ... This article is about all of the Cantonese (Yue) dialects. ...

Height and weight

Some airlines, such as EVA Air, have height requirements for purely aesthetic purposes. Horizon Air and other regional carriers have height restrictions because their aircraft have low ceilings. A typical acceptable range is from 5'2" (1.57 m) to 6'0" (1.83 m). Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... EVA Air (Chinese:é•·æ¦®èˆªç©º ChÃ¡ngrÃ³ng HÃ¡ngkÅng) is a Taiwanese airline based at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport near Taipei, Taiwan, operating passenger and dedicated cargo services to international destinations in Asia, Australia, New Zealand, Europe, and North America. ... Aesthetics is commonly perceived as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values, sometimes called judgments of sentiment and taste. ... Horizon Air is a regional airline based in Seattle, Washington, USA. It is the eighth largest regional airline in the USA serving 46 cities in the USA and Canada. ...

Flight attendants are also subject to weight requirements as well. Weight must usually be in proportion to height; persons outside the normal range may not be qualified to act as flight attendants.

History

The first flight attendant, a steward, was reportedly a man on the German Zeppelin LZ10 Schwaben in 1911.^{[citation needed]} Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (4796x3291, 2443 KB) Summary Personal Photograph by Chalmers Butterfield (Kodachrome) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (4796x3291, 2443 KB) Summary Personal Photograph by Chalmers Butterfield (Kodachrome) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... American Overseas Airlines (AOA) was an airline that flew between the USA and Europe between 1945 and 1950. ... The Boeing 377 Stratocruiser was the airliner version of the 367 Boeing Stratofreighter, which in turn was the transport version of B-50 Superfortress. ... Zeppelins are a type of rigid airship pioneered by German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin in the early 20th century, based in part on an earlier design by aviation pioneer David Schwarz. ... This is a complete list of Zeppelins constructed by the original German Zeppelin companies from 1900 until 1938. ...

Origins of the word "steward" in transportation are reflected in the term "steward" as used in maritime transport terminology. The term purser and chief steward are often used interchangeably describing personnel with similar duties among seafaring occupations. This lingual derivation results from the international British maritime tradition dating back to the 14th century and the civilian United States Merchant Marine which U.S aviation is somewhat modeled. Due to international conventions and agreements, in which all ships' personnel who sail internationally are similarly documented by their respective countries, the U.S. Merchant Marine assigns such duties to the chief steward in the overall rank and command structure of which pursers are not positionally represented or rostered. Look up origin in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For the movement of people or objects, see transport. ... Main article: Seafarers professions and ranks A Chief Steward (often shortened to steward) is the senior unlicensed crewmember working in the Stewards Department of a ship. ... Ship Transport is the process of moving people, goods, etc. ... A ships purser, or just purser is the person on a ship responsible for the handling of money on board. ... Main article: Seafarers professions and ranks A Chief Mate (C/M) or Chief Officer is a licensed member and head of the deck department of a merchant ship. ... In times of armed conflict a civilian is any person who is not a combatant. ... USMM redirects here. ... A United States Merchant Mariners Document (front). ... A command hierarchy is a group of people committed to carrying out orders from the top, that is, of authority. ... In a military context, the chain of command is the line of authority and responsibility along which orders are passed. ...

Imperial Airways of the United Kingdom had "cabin boys" or "stewards"; in the 1920s. In the USA, Stout Airways was the first to employ stewards in 1926, working on Ford Trimotor planes between Detroit and Grand Rapids, Michigan. Western Airlines (1928) and Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) (1929) were the first US carriers to employ stewards to serve food. Ten-passenger Fokker aircraft used in the Caribbean had stewards in the era of gambling trips to Havana, Cuba from Key West, Florida. Lead flight attendants would in many instances also perform the role of pursor, steward, or chief steward in modern aviation terminology. The Imperial Airways Empire Terminal, Victoria, London. ... The 1920s they were sexy referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ... Ford Trimotor G-CYWZ of the Royal Canadian Air Force. ... Detroit redirects here. ... Grand Rapids redirects here. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... A new restoration of a Convair 240 sports a Western Airlines paint scheme. ... Pan Ams seaplane terminal at Dinner Key in Miami, Florida, was a hub of inter-American travel during the 1930s and 1940s. ... Fokker was a Dutch aircraft manufacturer named after its founder, Anthony Fokker. ... West Indies redirects here. ... This article is about the capital of Cuba. ... Nickname: Coordinates: , Country United States State Florida County Monroe Government - Type Council-Manager - Mayor Morgan McPherson Area - City 7. ... This article is about the U.S. State of Florida. ...

The first female flight attendant^[2] was a 25-year-old registered nurse named Ellen Church. Hired by United Airlines in 1930, she also first envisioned nurses on aircraft. Other airlines followed suit, hiring nurses to serve as "stewardesses" on most of their flights. The requirement to be a registered nurse was relaxed at the start of World War II, as so many nurses enlisted into the armed forces. A registered nurse (RN), is a health care professional responsible for implementing the practice of nursing through the use of the nursing process (in concert with other health care professionals). ... Ellen Church (September 22, 1904 - August 22, 1965) was the first airline stewardess. ... United Airlines is a major airline of the United States. ... This article is about the occupation. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Alternate cover US 1979 and 2002 reissue cover, also known as paint spatter cover For the military meaning, see Armed forces. ...

Uniforms

The first stewardess uniforms were designed to be durable, practical, and inspire confidence in passengers. The first stewardesses for United Airlines wore green berets, green capes and nurse's shoes. Other airlines, such as Eastern Air Lines, actually dressed stewardesses in nurses' uniforms. For other uses, see Uniform (disambiguation). ... This article is about the defunct U.S. air carrier Eastern Air Lines. ... Nurse in traditional student uniform, but without cap A nurse uniform is attire worn by nurses for hygiene and identification. ...

Perhaps reflecting the military aviation background of many commercial aviation pioneers, many early uniforms had a strongly military appearance; hats, jackets, and skirts showed simple straight lines and military details like epaulettes and brass buttons. Many uniforms had a summer and winter version, differentiated by colours and fabrics appropriate to the season: navy blue for winter, for example, khaki for summer. But as the role of women in the air grew, and airline companies began to realise the publicity value of their stewardesses, more feminine lines and colours began to appear in the late 1930s and early 1940s. Some airlines began to commission designs from high-end department stores and still others called in noted designers or even milliners to create distinctive and attractive apparel. It has been suggested that Aerial warfare be merged into this article or section. ... Passengers carried by civil aviation in 2003 Commercial aviation is the part of civil aviation (both general aviation and scheduled airline service) that involves operating aircraft for hire. ... A hat is an item of clothing which is worn on the head; a kind of headgear. ... A jacket is a lightweight, sleeved thigh- or waist-length coat that may be worn by anyone, as jackets are now made for children, adults, the elderly, and even infants. ... A skirt is a traditionally feminine tube- or cone-shaped garment which is worn from the waist and covers the legs. ... Epaulette pronunciation: Ä•p-Ç-lÄ•t, a French word meaning little shoulders (epaule, referring to shoulder), originally meant only one type of ornamental shoulder piece or decoration used as insignia or rank by military or other organizations. ... For other uses, see Summer (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Winter (disambiguation). ... // The British Royal Navy and other navies of the Commonwealth of Nations call the flag-raising ceremony that happens every morning when a ship is in harbour Colours. ... For other uses, see Textile (disambiguation). ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Navy blue is an especially dark shade of the color blue. ... Khaki is a common material in military uniforms Khaki is a type of fabric or the colour of such fabric. ... Wikibooks has more about this subject: Marketing Look up publicity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known as the [[. In East Asia, the rise of militarism occurred. ... The 1940s decade ran from 1940 to 1949. ... The interior of a typical Macys department store. ... Designer is a broad term for a person who designs any of a variety of things. ... Millinery is womens hats and other articles sold by a milliner, or the profession or business of designing, making, or selling hats for women. ...

In advertising

In the 1960s and 1970s, many airlines began advertising the attractiveness and friendliness of their stewardesses. National Airlines began a "Fly Me"; campaign using attractive stewardesses with taglines such as "I'm Lorraine. Fly me to Orlando." (A low budget 1973 film about three flight attendants, Fly Me, starring Lenore Kasdorf, was based on the ad campaign.) Braniff International Airways, presented a campaign known as the "Air Strip" with similarly attractive young stewardesses changing uniforms mid-flight.^[3] A policy of at least one airline required that only unmarried women could be flight attendants.^[4] Flight attendant Roz Hanby became a minor celebrity when she became the face of British Airways in their "Fly the Flag" advertising campaign over a 7 year period in the 1980s. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ... The final logo of National Airlines This article is about one of the airlines that have shared this name. ... A tagline is a variant of a branding slogan typically used in marketing materials and advertising. ... Orlando redirects here. ... Image:LenoreK.jpg Lenore Kasdorf Lenore Kasdorf (born July 23, 1948 in Fort Trotten, New York), is an actress perhaps best known for her role in the soap opera Guiding Light. ... Braniff International Airways was an American airline that existed from 1928 until 1982. ... For the 1930s airline of similar name, see British Airways Ltd. ...

Unions

Flight attendant unions were formed, beginning at United Airlines in the 1940s, to negotiate improvements in pay, benefits and working conditions.^[5] Those unions would later challenge what they perceived as sexist stereotypes and unfair work practises such as age limits, size limits, limitations on marriage, and prohibition of pregnancy. Many of these limitations have been lifted by judicial mandates. The largest flight attendants union is the Association of Flight Attendants, representing over 50,000 flight attendants at 22 airlines within the US. The Lawrence textile strike (1912), with soldiers surrounding peaceful demonstrators A trade union or labor union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas such as wages, hours, and working conditions, forming a cartel of labour. ... Manifestations Slavery Racial profiling Lynching Hate speech Hate crime Genocide (examples) Ethnocide Ethnic cleansing Pogrom Race war Religious persecution Gay bashing Blood libel Paternalism Police brutality Movements Policies Discriminatory Race / Religion / Sex segregation Apartheid Redlining Internment Anti-discriminatory Emancipation Civil rights Desegregation Integration Equal opportunity Counter-discriminatory Affirmative action Racial... For other uses, see Stereotype (disambiguation). ... The Association of Flight Attendants (commonly known as the AFA) is a union representing most flight attendants in the United States. ...

In the UK, cabin crew can be represented by either Cabin Crew '89, or the much larger and more powerful Transport and General Workers' Union. Transport and General Workers Union central office Front door of the central office The Transport and General Workers Union, also known as the TGWU and the T&G, is one of the largest general trade unions in the United Kingdom and Ireland - where it is known as the Amalgamated Transport...

In Australia, flight attendants are represented by the Flight Attendants' Association of Australia (FAAA). There are two divisions: one for international crews (Long Haul) and one for domestic crews (Short Haul). The Flight Attendants Association of Australia (FAAA) is a trade union is Australia. ...

Discrimination

Airline managers commonly subjected flight attendants to various forms of discrimination from the early days of the profession until the 1990s.^[6] Flight attendants at United States-based airlines, and others as well, were forced to resign or were fired if they got married, if they were overweight, wore eyeglasses, if they turned 30 years of age (or 32 at some airlines). These discriminatory policies came under attack in the U.S. after passage of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Flight attendant unions like the Association of Flight Attendants used Title VII, in the courts and at the bargaining table, to bring an end to such practises and recognise the professionalism of the flight attendant career. The no-marriage rule was eliminated throughout the U.S. airline industry by the 1980s.^[7] The last such broad categorical discrimination, the weight restrictions^[8] were eliminated in the 1990s through litigation and negotiations.^[9] By the end of the 1970s, the term stewardess had generally been replaced by the gender-neutral, and more wordy, alternative flight attendant. More recently the term cabin crew or cabin staff has begun to replace 'flight attendants,' in some parts of the world because of the term's recognition of their role as members of the crew. This, does not, however, suitably replace the older terms, being a collective noun rather than a singular one. For the band, see 1990s (band). ... President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964. ... First page of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub. ... The 1980s refers to the years from 1980 to 1989. ... Gender-neutral language is a description of language usages which are aimed at minimizing assumptions regarding the biological sex of human referents. ... Aircrew redirects here. ... You may be looking for information on: Look up staff on Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

September 11, 2001

The role of flight attendants received heightened prominence after the September 11, 2001 attacks when flight attendants (such as Sandra W. Bradshaw and CeeCee Lyles of United Airlines Flight 93, Robert Fangman of United Airlines Flight 175, Renee May of American Airlines Flight 77 and Betty Ong and Madeline Amy Sweeney of American Airlines Flight 11) actively attempted to protect passengers from assault, and also provided vital information to air traffic controllers on the hijackings.^[10] A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11â€”pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly... For other uses of Flight 93 and United 93, see Flight 93. ... United Airlines Flight 175 was a morning flight that regularly flew from Logan International Airport in East Boston, Massachusetts to Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) in Los Angeles, California. ... Security camera image showing American Airlines Flight 77 (highlighted) just before and after impact. ... Betty Ong Betty Ann Ong (February 5, 1956 â€“ September 11, 2001), born in San Francisco of Harry Ong, senior and Yee-gum Oy, was a Chinese-American flight attendant on board American Airlines Flight 11 when it was flown into the North Tower of the World Trade Center as part... Madeline Amy Sweeney Madeline Amy Sweeney, known as Amy Sweeney, was a flight attendant on board American Airlines flight 11 when it was flown into the North Tower of the World Trade Center as part of the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack. ... Flight 11 redirects here. ... Controllers survey the field at Misawa Air Base, Japan. ... Hijackers inside flightdeck of TWA Flight 847 Aircraft hijacking (also known as skyjacking and aircraft piracy) is the take-over of an aircraft, by a person or group, usually armed. ...

In the wake of the terror attacks of September 11, 2001, many flight attendants at major airlines were laid off on account of decreased passenger loads.^[10] is the 254th day of the year (255th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ...

Roles in an emergency

Actions of flight attendants in emergencies have long been credited in saving lives; in the United States, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) and other aviation authorities view flight attendants as essential for safety, and are thus required on Part 121 aircraft operations. Studies, some done in light of British Airtours Flight 28M, have concluded that assertive cabin crew are essential for the rapid evacuation of airplanes.^[11]^[12] Notable examples of cabin crew actions include: The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent organization responsible for investigation of accidents involving aviation, highway, marine, pipelines and railroads in the United States. ... On August 22, 1985, Flight 28M, a Boeing 737-236 flying the colours of British Airtours, took off from Manchester International Airport in Manchester in England, on an international passenger flight to Kerkira Airport on the Greek island of Kerkira. ...

The Scandinavian Airlines System flight 751, a McDonnell Douglas MD-81 took off from the Stockholm-Arlanda Airport in Sweden on December 27th 1991. ... Brace position on an in-flight safety demonstration video. ... Atlantic Southeast Airlines Flight 529 was a flight between Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport and Gulfport-Biloxi International Airport which crashed near Carrollton, Georgia on August 21, 1995, killing 10 of the 29 people onboard. ... The Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia is a twin-turboprop commuter airliner, produced by Embraer. ... The George Cross (GC) is the highest civil decoration of the Commonwealth of Nations. ... British Airways Flight 5390 (callsign Speedbird 5390) was a British Airways flight between Birmingham International Airport in England and MÃ¡laga, Spain. ... Southern Airways Flight 242 was a Southern Airways DC-9-31 registered N1335U that executed a forced landing on a highway in New Hope, Paulding County, Georgia, United States after suffering hail damage and losing both engines in a severe thunderstorm on April 4, 1977. ... U.S. National Transportation Safety Board diagram of flight path for Air Florida flight 90 which crashed on takeoff at Washington, D.C. on January 13, 1982, killing 78 persons. ... A personal flotation device (also named PFD, lifejacket, life preserver, Mae West, life vest, life saver, cork jacket, life belt) is a device designed to keep a wearer afloat and their head above water, often in swimming pools, rivers, lakes, and oceans. ... Ulrike Patzelt (August 8, 1944 â€“ February 18, 2005), better known as Uli Derickson, was a flight attendant during the June 14, 1985 hijacking of TWA Flight 847 by Hezbollah terrorists. ... Two hijackers in the cockpit with Captain Testrake TWA Flight 847 was an international Trans World Airlines flight which was hijacked by the Organization for the Oppressed of the Earth, a group with alleged links to Hezbollah, on Friday morning, June 14, 1985, while flying from Athens, Greece to Rome... TWA Flight 843 (TW843, TWA843) was a TWA passenger flight that crashed after an aborted takeoff from from John F. Kennedy International Airport (New York) to San Francisco International Airport (California) in July of 1992. ... The Lockheed L-1011 TriStar, commonly referred to as just L-1011 (pronounced ell-ten-eleven), was the third widebody passenger jet airliner to enter operation, following the Boeing 747 and the McDonnell Douglas DC-10. ... For the 1930s airline of similar name, see British Airways Ltd. ... Mental disorder or mental illness are terms used to refer psychological pattern that occurs in an individual and is usually associated with distress or disability that is not expected as part of normal development or culture. ... Matt Lauer with the crew of Flight 63, the Shoebomber flight. ... Richard Colvin Reid, aka Abdul Raheem and often referred to in the media as the shoe bomber (born August 12, 1973), is an individual convicted on charges of terrorism and currently serving a life sentence in the United States for attempting to detonate a commercial aircraft in-flight using plastic... Qantas (QantasLink) Flight 1737 was an afternoon Australian domestic flight from Melbourne, Victoria to Launceston, Tasmania, which was subject to an attempted hijacking on 29 May 2003. ... Aloha Airlines Flight 243 was a scheduled Aloha Airlines Boeing 737-200 flight between Hilo and Honolulu in Hawaii. ... The fuselage can be short, and seemingly unaerodynamic, as in this Christen Eagle 2 The fuselage (from the French fuselÃ© spindle-shaped) is an aircrafts main body section that holds crew and passengers or cargo. ... Neerja Bhanot (September 7, 1964 - September 5, 1986) was an Indian flight attendant for Pan Am airlines who was killed by Islamic terrorists in 1986. ... Pan American World Airways Pan Am Flight 73 was hijacked on September 5, 1986, by four armed men of the Abu Nidal Organization. ... The Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building in Washington, D.C. â€œJustice Departmentâ€ redirects here. ... Air Canada Flight 797 was a scheduled trans-border flight that flew on a Houston, Texas-Dallas/Fort Worth-Toronto, Ontario route. ...

Notable flight attendants

Kathy Augustine Kathy Augustine (May 29, 1956 - July 11, 2006) was a U.S. Republican Party politician from Nevada. ... Alex Best (born January 29th 1972) is a former model and ex wife of George Best, who was twenty six years senior to her. ... George Best (22 May 1946 â€“ 25 November 2005) was a Northern Irish football player best known for his years with Manchester United. ... Regina Reggie Bird was a contestant and eventual winner of the 2003 series of Australian Big Brother. ... Deborah (Debra) Burlingame (born 1954) is the sister of Charles Chic Burlingame III, the pilot of the American Airlines Flight 77 that was crashed into the Pentagon on 9/11. ... Sherylynn Una Butt (March 26, 1979 â€“ ) born Red Bay, Labrador, Canada. ... Terence Cao (æ›¹å›½è¾‰) is a Singaporean Chinese actor. ... Ellen Church (September 22, 1904 - August 22, 1965) was the first airline stewardess. ... Ester Cordet (born December 31, 1946 in Panama) is an Panamanian model. ... Ulrike Patzelt (August 8, 1944 â€“ February 18, 2005), better known as Uli Derickson, was a flight attendant during the June 14, 1985 hijacking of TWA Flight 847 by Hezbollah terrorists. ... For the American football player, see Brian Dowling (football). ... GaÃ«tan Dugas (February 20, 1953â€“March 30, 1984) was a French-Canadian man who worked for Air Canada as a flight attendant. ... Sandra Force, winner of the Miss Tennessee USA pageant in 1968, was one of the original Southwest 17. ... Jennifer Josephine Hosten won the 1970 Miss World contest, representing Grenada. ... Patricia Ireland (born 1945) is a significant U.S. administrator and feminist. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Nicole Evangeline Lilly (born August 3, 1979) is a Canadian Golden Globe-nominated actress. ... Kate Linder is an American actress who joined the cast of The Young and the Restless in 1985 as Esther Valentine, a role she still plays to this day. ... United Airlines Flight 232 was a scheduled flight operated by United Airlines between Denver and Philadelphia via Chicago. ... Catherine Maunoury is a French aviator. ... Avis Miller (born November 4, 1945 in Ohio) is an American model. ... Froso Papaharalambous (born 4th July 1981 in Nicosia) is a Greek Cypriot singer in Greece, and ex-member of popular and successful girl group Hi-5. ... Michelle Parma (January 14, 1975 â€“ October 19, 2002) was an actress, waitress and flight attendant. ... Iris Peterson (b. ... Bella Kocharian, Laura Bush, Lyudmila Putina and Zorka Purvanova â€“ first ladies of Armenia, the United States, Russia and Bulgaria respectively in 2003. ... Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Russian: ) (born October 7, 1952) is the current President of the Russian Federation. ... Linda Louise Rowley is a former beauty queen who held the title Miss Alaska USA 1969 and competed at Miss USA. In May 1969 Rowley represented Alaska in the Miss USA pageant held in Miami Beach, Florida. ... Lee Seung-yeon is a Korean actress and former Miss Korea. ... Ellen Simonetti (b. ... Tania Vijay Kumar (married name Tania Soni) won the Mrs Gladrags crown in Mumbai in 2003. ... For other uses, see Silver Tree (disambiguation). ... Vesna VuloviÄ‡ (Serbian: Ð’ÐµÑÐ½Ð° Ð’ÑƒÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ›) (born 3 January 1950) holds the Guinness Book of Records world record for surviving the highest fall without a parachute: 10,000,160 meters (631. ... Julie Woodson (born July 11, 1950 in Hutchinson, Kansas) was Playboy magazines Playmate of the Month for April 1973. ...

Flight attendants in pop-culture portrayals

Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the 1965 Jerry Lewis and Tony Curtis comedy. ... For other persons named Jerry Lewis, see Jerry Lewis (disambiguation). ... For other persons named Tony Curtis, see Tony Curtis (disambiguation). ... A comedy is a dramatic performance of a light and amusing character, usually with a happy conclusion to its plot. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the song by James Blunt, see 1973 (song). ... Image:LenoreK.jpg Lenore Kasdorf Lenore Kasdorf (born July 23, 1948 in Fort Trotten, New York), is an actress perhaps best known for her role in the soap opera Guiding Light. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Karen Black (born July 1, 1939) is an Academy Award-nominated American actress, screenwriter, singer and songwriter. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... Airplane! is an American comedy film, first released on 27 June 1980, produced, directed, and written by David Zucker, Jim Abrahams, and Jerry Zucker. ... This article is about the year. ... For other uses, see The Replacements (disambiguation). ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... Hanna Schygulla (born 25 December 1943 in Katowice, Upper Silesia) is a German actress and chanson singer. ... The Delta Force is a 1986 action film starring Chuck Norris and Lee Marvin as leaders of an elite squad of special forces troops based on the real life U.S. Army Delta Force unit. ... Two hijackers in the cockpit with Captain Testrake TWA Flight 847 was an international Trans World Airlines flight which was hijacked by the Organization for the Oppressed of the Earth, a group with alleged links to Hezbollah, on Friday morning, June 14, 1985, while flying from Athens, Greece to Rome... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... Elizabeth Jane Hurley (born 10 June 1965) is an English actress, fashion model, producer and designer. ... Terrorist redirects here. ... Passenger 57 is a 1992 action film starring Wesley Snipes and Bruce Payne. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... SNL redirects here. ... The following is a series of short write-ups on recurring sketches that appeared four or fewer times on Saturday Night Live. ... David Wayne Spade (born July 22, 1964) is an Emmy-Award and Golden Globe-nominated American actor, comedian, television personality who gained fame in the 1990s as a cast member on Saturday Night Live. ... Helen Elizabeth Hunt (born June 15, 1963) is an Emmy, Golden Globe and Academy Award-winning American actress, perhaps most widely known for her role in the television sitcom Mad About You. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... Simpsons redirects here. ... Fear of Flying is an episode of The Simpsons from the sixth season. ... Marjorie Marge Simpson (nÃ©e Bouvier) is a fictional character featured in the animated television series The Simpsons and is voiced by Julie Kavner. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Halle Maria Berry (IPA: ; born August 14, 1966[1]) is an American actress. ... Executive Decision is a 1996 action film released on Friday, March 15, 1996. ... The logo of Oceanic Airlines from the ABC television series Lost. ... Kurt Vogel Russell (born March 17, 1951) is an American actor. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... Quentin Jerome Tarantino (born March 27, 1963) is an Academy Award- and Palme dOr-winning American film director, screenwriter and actor. ... Jackie Brown is a 1997 motion picture written and directed by Quentin Tarantino. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... Dr. Robert Butler (1784-1853) was a Treasurer of the State of Virginia from the town of Smithfield in Isle of Wight County, Virginia. ... Turbulence is a 1997 film directed by Robert Butler which stars Ray Liotta and Lauren Holly. ... This article is about the decade of 2000-2009. ... Jessica Claire Biel (born March 3, 1982) is an American actress and former fashion model best known for appearing in several Hollywood films such as Summer Catch, the remake of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre, and The Illusionist, as well as for her early television role of Mary Camden in the... This article is about the TV program. ... Played by actress Jessica Biel, Mary Camden-Rivera is a fictional character from the longtime WB/CW drama 7th Heaven. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Frank William Abagnale, Jr. ... http://www. ... Catch Me If You Can is a 2002 motion picture set in the 1960s. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Gwyneth Kate Paltrow (born September 27, 1972)[1] is an Academy Award-, Golden Globe- and two-time Screen Actors Guild Award-winning American actress. ... Kelly Kamalelehua Palzis Preston-Travolta (born October 13, 1962) is an American actress, also known for being the wife of actor John Travolta. ... Candice Patricia Bergen (born May 9, 1946) is an Academy Award-nominated and Golden Globe and Emmy Award-winning American actress and former fashion model, primarily for her roles in sitcoms and television. ... Christina Applegate (born November 25, 1971) is an American Emmy Award-winning and Tony Award-nominated actress, particularly well-known for playing the very attractive, promiscuous, dim-witted Kelly Bundy on the Fox television network sitcom Marriedâ€¦ with Children. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is a Grammy Award-winning[1] American pop singer, dancer, actress, author and songwriter. ... Audio sample Info Toxic (helpÂ· info) Toxic is a dance-pop song written by Bloodshy & Avant, Cathy Dennis, and Henrik Jonback for Britney Spears fourth studio album In the Zone (2003). ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Catherine Zeta-Jones (born 25 September 1969) is an Academy Award-winning Welsh actress based in the United States. ... This section contains a list of trivia items. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kirsten[1] Caroline Dunst (born April 30, 1982) is an American actress, known for her roles in Interview with the Vampire (for which she received a Golden Globe nomination), The Virgin Suicides, Marie Antoinette, and Bring It On, as well as for her portrayal of Mary Jane Watson in the... Elizabethtown is a 2005 film written and directed by Cameron Crowe. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... An independent film, or indie film, is usually a low-budget film that is produced by a small movie studio. ... The Aviary is a 2005 independent film about the ups and downs in the personal life of a flight attendant, coping with a transfer to a new city, finding a new love, and everything in between. ... For other uses, see Silver Tree (disambiguation). ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Erika Jane Christensen (born August 19, 1982) is an American actress whose film appearances include Traffic (2000) and The Perfect Score (2004), among others. ... Kate Beahan as flight attendant Stephanie in Flightplan Kate Beahan (born in the late 1970s [1]) is an Australian film actress. ... Flightplan is a 2005 action/mystery film directed by Robert Schwentke and starring Jodie Foster, Peter Sarsgaard, Erika Christensen and Sean Bean. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Japanese dramas (Japanese: ãƒ‰ãƒ©ãƒž dorama; J-dramas; from English drama) are a staple of Japanese television and are broadcast daily. ... Attention Please ) is a story about the training of flight attendants for Japan Airlines. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Travel Channel is a cable television network that features documentaries and how-to shows related to travel and leisure around the United States and throughout the world. ... Flight Attendant School was a TV show on the Travel Channel that documented the lives of future Frontier Airlines flight attendants in training. ... This article is about Frontier Airlines that was founded in 1994. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Eurovision redirects here. ... Scooch are a British bubblegum dance group, comprising Natalie Powers (b. ... Flying the Flag (for You) is a song written by Russ Spencer, Morten Schjolin, Andrew Hill, and Paul Tarry and performed by British pop/bubblegum dance group Scooch. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

Contents

Overview

Qualifications

Training

Language

Height and weight

History

Uniforms

In advertising

Unions

Discrimination

September 11, 2001

Roles in an emergency

Notable flight attendants

Flight attendants in pop-culture portrayals

See also

References

External links

Contents

Overview GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Qualifications

Training

Language

Height and weight

History

Uniforms

In advertising

Unions

Discrimination

September 11, 2001

Roles in an emergency

Notable flight attendants

Flight attendants in pop-culture portrayals

See also

References

External links

Overview