Page 51 of Book IX from the Florentine Codex. The text is in Nahuatl.

Florentine Codex is the name given to 12 books created under the supervision of Bernardino de Sahagún between approximately 1540 and 1585. It is a copy of original source materials which are now lost, perhaps destroyed by the Spanish authorities who confiscated Sahagún's manuscripts. The original source materials were records of conversations and interviews with indigenous sources in Tlatelolco, Texcoco, and Tenochtitlan. Image File history File linksMetadata Codex_florentino_51_9. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Codex_florentino_51_9. ... Bernardino de Sahagún (1499-1590) was a Franciscan missionary to the Aztec (Náhua) people of Mexico. ... Tlaltelolco is an area in Mexico City, centered on the Plaza de las Tres Culturas, a square surrounded on three sides by an excavated Aztec pyramid, the 17th century church Templo de Santiago, and the modern office complex of the Mexican foreign ministry. ... Texcoco was a major site and city-state in the central Mexican plateau region of Mesoamerica during the Late Postclassic period of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican chronology. ... Tenochtitlan, looking east. ...

The Florentine Codex is primarily a Nahuatl language text, written by trilingual Nahuatl, Spanish and Latin Aztec students of Sahagún. This Nahuatl text is written on the right side of the codex. Sections of this text were translated into Spanish, and written in the left column. However, many sections were not translated and some only summarized in their translation. In their place, the Florentine Codex has roughly 1,800 illustrations done by Aztec tlacuilos using European techniques. Some of the Spanish translation was censored or otherwise rewritten by Sahagún. Nahuatl ( [1] is a term applied to a group of related languages and dialects of the Aztecan [2] branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family, indigenous to central Mexico. ... The Aztecs were a Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican people of central Mexico in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries who built an extensive empire in the late Postclassic period of Mesoamerican chronology. ...

Perhaps more than any other source, the Florentine Codex has been the major source of Aztec life in the years before the Spanish conquest even though a complete copy of the Florentine Codex, with all illustrations, was not published until 1979. Before then, only the censored and rewritten Spanish translation had been available. Aztec empire The Spanish conquest of Mexico was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. ...

Other versions

There is also a Spanish-only version of Sahagún's document. This copy was taken to Europe in 1580 by Rodrigo de Sequera, and is also referred to as the Sequera manuscript.

The Spanish text was the basis for the Historia General de las Cosas de Nueva España (General History of the Things of New Spain) which is kept at the Laurentian Library in Florence. It has been suggested that Biblioteca Mediceo Lauenziana be merged into this article or section. ... Florences skyline Florences skyline at night from Piazza Michaelangelo Florence (Italian: ) is the capital city of the region of Tuscany, Italy. ...

The Codex Matritense is a copy and compilation from the same sources as the Florentine Codex, corresponding to the material recompiled in Tlatelolco and Texcoco in Nahuatl. It has five books, and includes 175 illustrations. It is a very heavily censored translation of the Florentine Codex by Sahagún himself, done to appeal to the Spanish authorities. The two codices are housed in the Library of the Royal Palace and the Royal History Museum, in Madrid. Other names include the Codices Matritense and the Madrid Codex (not to be confused with the Maya Madrid Codex). Tlaltelolco is an area in Mexico City, centered on the Plaza de las Tres Culturas, a square surrounded on three sides by an excavated Aztec pyramid, the 17th century church Templo de Santiago, and the modern office complex of the Mexican foreign ministry. ... Texcoco was a major site and city-state in the central Mexican plateau region of Mesoamerica during the Late Postclassic period of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican chronology. ... Maya codices (singular codex) are books written by the pre-Columbian Maya civilization, using the Maya hieroglyphic script. ...

Aztec warriors as shown in the Florentine Codex.

A short version of this document, "Breve compendio de los soles idolátricos que los indios desta Nueva España usaban en tiempos de su infidelidad" ("Short Compendium of the Idolatry Used by the New Spain Indians during their Unfaithfulness"), was sent by Sahagún to Pope Pius V. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1009x457, 229 KB) Summary Copy of painting from Florentine Codex, page IX, F, 5v; see article for further info Licensing The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1009x457, 229 KB) Summary Copy of painting from Florentine Codex, page IX, F, 5v; see article for further info Licensing The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in... Bold textHe was born as Antonio Ghislieri at Bosco in the duchy of Milan. ...

See also

• Aztec codices

Aztec codices (singular codex) are books written by pre-Columbian and Spanish colonial era Aztecs. ...

References

• "Sahagún y el nacimiento de la cronica mestiza" by Enrique Florescano. Relaciones 91, verano 2002, vol XXIII, CONACULTA.
• Leon-Portilla, Miguel; Aztec Thought and Culture; University of Oklahoma Press, 1990.