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Encyclopedia > Florida Panther
For other uses, see Florida panther (disambiguation).
Florida Panther

Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Felidae
Genus: Puma
Species: P. concolor
Subspecies: P. c. coryi
Trinomial name
Puma concolor coryi
Bangs, 1899
Synonyms

Proposed taxonomic revision: aggregation with other subspecies of Puma concolor into a single subspecies of North American Cougar, P. c. couguar[2], following Culver (2000). The Florida panther is a type of Cougar native to Florida. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 750 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (3,000 × 2,400 pixels, file size: 4. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. ... Image File history File links Status_iucn3. ... . ... The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Typical Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria Mammals (class Mammalia) are warm-blooded, vertebrate animals characterized by the presence of sweat glands, including those that produce milk, and by the presence of: hair, three middle ear bones used in hearing, and a neocortex... Families 17, See classification The diverse order Carnivora (IPA: or ; from Latin carō (stem carn-) flesh, + vorāre to devour) includes over 260 species of placental mammals. ... “Feline” redirects here. ... Species P. concolor P. yagouaroundi Puma is a Felidae genus that contains the Cougar (also known as the Puma, among other names) and the Jaguarundi. ... For other uses, see Cougar (disambiguation) or Puma (disambiguation). ... Trinomial nomenclature is a taxonomic naming system that extends the standard system of binomial nomenclature by adding a third taxon. ... In scientific nomenclature, synonyms are different scientific names used for a single taxon. ... It has been suggested that Florida Panther be merged into this article or section. ...

The Florida panther is a critically endangered representative of Cougar (Puma concolor) that lives in the low pinelands, palm forests and swamps of southern Florida in the United States. Its current taxonomic status (Puma concolor coryi or Puma concolor couguar) is unresolved. An endangered species is a species whose population is so small that it is in danger of becoming extinct. ... The Endangered Species Act (, et seq. ... For other uses, see Cougar (disambiguation) or Puma (disambiguation). ... This article is about the U.S. State of Florida. ...


Males weigh about 150 pounds and live within a range that includes the Big Cypress National Preserve, Everglades National Park, and the Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge.[3] This population, the only unequivocal Cougar representative in the eastern United States, currently occupies only 5% of its historic range. The number of living panthers is estimated to be between 80 to 100.[4] This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Everglades National Park preserves the southern portion of the Everglades (all south of Tamiami Trail), but represents only 20 % of the original wetland area. ... A panther in the Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge The Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge is part of the United States National Wildlife Refuge System, located in northwestern Florida, twenty miles east of Naples, in the upper segment of the Fakahatchee Strand of the Big Cypress Swamp. ...

Contents

Taxonomic status

The Florida panther has long been considered a unique subspecies of Cougar, under the trinomial Puma concolor coryi (Felis concolor coryi in older listings), one of thirty-two subspecies once recognized. Under these terms, the population was listed as endangered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1967, [5] and it continues to be one of the most intensively and expensively protected feline populations in the world. The USFWS logo The United States Fish and Wildlife Service is a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife. ...


A genetic study of Cougar mitochondrial DNA finds that many of the supposed subspecies are too similar to be recognized as distinct,[6] suggesting a reclassification of the Florida panther and numerous other subspecies into a single North American Cougar (Puma concolor couguar). Following the research, the canonical Mammal Species of the World (3rd edition) ceased to recognize the Florida panther as a unique subspecies, collapsing it and others into the North American Cougar.[2] This article is about the general scientific term. ... Mitochondrial DNA (some captions in German) Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the DNA located in organelles called mitochondria. ... It has been suggested that Florida Panther be merged into this article or section. ... Mammal Species of the World, now in its 3rd edition, is a standard reference work in zoology giving descriptions and bibliographic data for the known species of mammals, An updated Third Edition of Mammal Species of the World was published late in 2005: Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder...


Despite these findings it is still listed as subspecies Puma concolor coryi in research works, including those directly concerned with its conservation.[7] Responding to the research that suggested removing its subspecies status, the Florida Panther Recovery Team notes "the degree to which the scientific community has accepted the results of Culver et al. and the proposed change in taxonomy is not resolved at this time."[8]


Threats

Recovery efforts are currently underway in Florida to conserve the state's remaining population of native panthers. This is a difficult task, as the panther requires large contiguous areas of habitat — each breeding unit, consisting of one male and two to five females, requires about 200 square miles (500 km²) of habitat.[9] A population of 240 panthers would require 8,000 to 12,000 square miles (31,000 km²) of habitat with sufficient diversity due to inbreeding as a result of small population size. The introduction of eight female Cougars from a closely related Texas population has apparently been successful in mitigating inbreeding problems.[10]


Southern Florida is a fast-developing area, and declining habitat threatens this species. The two highest causes of mortality for the Florida panthers are automobile injuries and aggression between panthers for territory. The primary threats to the population as a whole include habitat loss, habitat degradation, and habitat fragmentation. The development at Ave Maria near Naples, is controversial for its location in prime panther habitat.[11] Ave Maria, Florida, is a planned community currently under development in Collier County, near Immokalee and Naples. ... Location in Collier County and the state of Florida Coordinates: , Country State Counties Collier Settled 6 November 1886 Incorporated (town) 1925 Incorporated (city) 25 May 1949 Government  - Type Council-Manager  - Mayor Bill Barnett   - City Manager Robert E. Lee  Area [1]  - city  14. ...


Controversy

The Florida panther has been at the center of a controversy over the science used to manage the species. There has been strong disagreement between scientists about the location and nature of critical habitat. This in turn is linked to a dispute over management which involves property developers and environmental organisations.[12] Recovery agencies appointed a panel of four experts, the Florida Panther Scientific Review Team (SRT), to evaluate the soundness of the body of work used to guide panther recovery. The SRT identified serious problems in panther literature, including miscitations and misrepresentation of data to support unsound conclusions.[13][14][15] A Data Quality Act (DQA) complaint brought by Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility (PEER) and Andrew Eller, a biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), was successful in demonstrating that agencies continued to use incorrect data after it had been clearly identified as such.[16] As a result of the DQA ruling, USFWS admitted errors in the science the agency was using and subsequently reinstated Eller, who had been fired by USFWS after filing the DQA complaint. In two white papers, environmental groups contended that habitat development was permitted that should not have been, and documented the link between incorrect data and financial conflicts of interest.[17][18] In January 2006, USFWS released a new Draft Florida Panther Recovery Plan for public review.[19] The Data Quality Act (DQA) passed through the United States Congress in Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (Public Law 106-554; H.R. 5658). ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...


References

  1. ^ Cat Specialist Group (1996). Puma concolor ssp. coryi. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 2007-06-26. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this subspecies is critically endangered and the criteria used
  2. ^ a b Wozencraft, W. C. (16 November 2005). in Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds): Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 544-545. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. 
  3. ^ FLORIDA PANTHER. Division of Endangered Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Last Retrieved 2007-01-30.
  4. ^ Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Florida panther deaths increase from collisions with vehicles Press release, Date: June 29, 2007
  5. ^ Florida Panther. Endangered and Threatened Species of the Southeastern United States (The Red Book). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (1993). Retrieved on 2007-06-07.
  6. ^ Culver, M.; Johnson, W.E., Pecon-Slattery, J., O'Brein, S.J. (2000). "Genomic Ancestry of the American Puma" (PDF). Journal of Heredity 91 (3): 186-197. 
  7. ^ Conroy, Michael J.; Paul Beier; Howard Quigley; Michael R. Vaughan (January 2006). "Improving The Use Of Science In Conservation: Lessons From The Florida Panther". Journal of Wildlife Management 70 (1): 1-7. doi:[1:ITUOSI2.0.CO;2 10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1:ITUOSI]2.0.CO;2]. Retrieved on 2007-06-11. 
  8. ^ The Florida Panther Recovery Team (January 31, 2006). Florida Panther Recovery Program (Draft) (PDF). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved on 2007-06-11.
  9. ^ Florida Panther Recovery Plan. The Florida Panther Recovery Team, South Florida Ecological Services Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Published 1995-03-13. Last Retrieved 2007-01-30.
  10. ^ Florida Panther and the Genetic Restoration Program. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Last Retrieved 2007-01-30.
  11. ^ http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/Fish/southflorida/news/maria2004.html
  12. ^ Gross L (2005) Why Not the Best? How Science Failed the Florida Panther. PLoS Biol 3(9): e333 [1]
  13. ^ Beier, P, MR Vaughan, MJ Conroy, and H Quigley. 2003, An analysis of scientific literature related to the Florida panther: Submitted as final report for Project NG01-105, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Tallahassee, FL. 203 pp. [2]
  14. ^ Beier, P, MR Vaughan, MJ Conroy, and H Quigley. 2006. Evaluating scientific inferences about the Florida panther. Journal of Wildlife Management 70:236-245. [3]
  15. ^ Conroy, MJ, P Beier, H Quigley, and MR Vaughan. 2006. Improving the use of science in conservation: lessons from the Florida panther. Journal of Wildlife Management 70:1-7. [4]
  16. ^ Information Quality Guidelines: Your Questions and Our Responses. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Published 2005-03-21. Last Retrieved 2007-01-30.
  17. ^ * Kostyack, J and K Hill. 2005. Giving Away the Store. [5]
  18. ^ Kostyack, J and K Hill. 2004. Discrediting a Decade of Panther Science: Implications of the Scientific Review Team Report. [6]
  19. ^ Fish and Wildlife Service releases Draft Florida Panther Recovery Plan for public review. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Published 2006-01-31. Last Retrieved 2007-01-30.
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The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 177th day of the year (178th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The USFWS logo The United States Fish and Wildlife Service is a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The USFWS logo The United States Fish and Wildlife Service is a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 158th day of the year (159th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The USFWS logo The United States Fish and Wildlife Service is a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The USFWS logo The United States Fish and Wildlife Service is a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The USFWS logo The United States Fish and Wildlife Service is a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 80th day of the year (81st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The USFWS logo The United States Fish and Wildlife Service is a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Wikispecies-logo. ... Wikispecies is a wiki-based online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation that aims to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species (including animalia, plantae, fungi, bacteria, archaea, and protista). ...

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  Results from FactBites:
 
FPL | Florida Panther (666 words)
Florida panthers are large, tawny-colored cats, once plentiful throughout the southeastern U.S. Today, the remaining 30 to 50 roam only in the remote cypress swamps and hardwood hammocks of Florida south of Lake Okeechobee.
The Florida panther is on the brink of extinction.
Florida panthers are killed by cars and trucks, particularly on State Road 29 and Alligator Alley (I-75), and - although it is against the law - hunters still shoot panthers occasionally.
The Florida Panther Society, Inc. (1997 words)
In 1982, the Florida’s schoolchildren adopted the Florida Panther as the state’s mammal.
Re-establishment of panther populations into appropriate portions of its former range is an important part of the recovery process and essential to prevent the extinction of the species.
The current estimated population of Florida Panthers in the wild is 50 to 70.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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