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Encyclopedia > Flurazepam
Flurazepam
Systematic (IUPAC) name
9-chloro-2-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-
6-(2-fluorophenyl)-2,5-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undeca-
5,8,10,12-tetraen-3-one
Identifiers
CAS number 17617-23-1
ATC code N05CD01
PubChem 3393
DrugBank APRD00983
Chemical data
Formula C21H23ClFN3O 
Mol. mass 387.88 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 83%
Metabolism Hepatic
Half life 40–250 hours
Excretion Renal
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

? Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 572 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (759 × 795 pixel, file size: 993 KB, MIME type: image/png)Advertisement from American Journal of Psychiatry 1980 archives, http://ajp. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 572 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (759 × 795 pixel, file size: 993 KB, MIME type: image/png)Advertisement from American Journal of Psychiatry 1980 archives, http://ajp. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System is used for the classification of drugs. ... A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ... PubChem is a database of chemical molecules. ... The DrugBank database available at the University of Alberta is a unique bioinformatics and cheminformatics resource that combines detailed drug (i. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... General Name, Symbol, Number carbon, C, 6 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 14, 2, p Appearance black (graphite) colorless (diamond) Standard atomic weight 12. ... General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Standard atomic weight 35. ... General Name, Symbol, Number fluorine, F, 9 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 2, p Appearance Yellowish brown gas Atomic mass 18. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ... General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ... The molecular mass (abbreviated Mr) of a substance, formerly also called molecular weight and abbreviated as MW, is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit u (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12). ... In pharmacology, bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered dose of unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation, one of the principal pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. ... Drug metabolism is the metabolism of drugs, their biochemical modification or degradation, usually through specialized enzymatic systems. ... The liver is an organ present in vertebrates and some other animals. ... It has been suggested that Effective half-life be merged into this article or section. ... Excretion is the process of eliminating waste products of metabolism and other materials that are of no use. ... The kidneys are organs that filter wastes (such as urea) from the blood and excrete them, along with water, as urine. ... The pregnancy category of a pharmaceutical agent is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical, if it is used as directed by the mother during pregnancy. ...

Legal status

Schedule IV(US) The regulation of therapeutic goods, that is drugs and therapeutic devices, varies by jurisdiction. ... The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) was enacted into law by the Congress of the United States as Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from...

Routes Oral

Flurazepam (marketed under the brand names Dalmane and Dalmadorm) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body 1. ... Alprazolam 2mg tablets The benzodiazepines (pronounced , or benzos for short) are a class of psychoactive drugs considered as minor tranquilizers with varying hypnotic, sedative, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant and amnesic properties, which are brought on by slowing down the central nervous system. ... An anxiolytic is a drug prescribed for the treatment of symptoms of anxiety. ... The anticonvulsants, sometimes also called antiepileptics, belong to a diverse group of pharmaceuticals used in prevention of the occurrence of epileptic seizures. ... A sedative is a substance which depresses the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in calmness, relaxation, reduction of anxiety, sleepiness, slowed breathing, slurred speech, staggering gait, poor judgment, and slow, uncertain reflexes. ... In medicine, a muscle relaxant is a drug that causes skeletal muscle contraction to cease. ...


It has the longest half-life of all of the benzodiazepines (40-250 hours), and may stay in the bloodstream for up to four days.[1] Flurazepam is therefore unsuitable as a sleeping medication due to next day sedation. Half-Life For a quantity subject to exponential decay, the half-life is the time required for the quantity to fall to half of its initial value. ...


It is used for short-term treatment of patients with insomnia. This article is about the sleeping disorder. ...


The most common adverse effects are dizziness, drowsiness, lightheadedness and ataxia. Flurazepam has abuse potential and should never be used with alcohol or any other substance that can cause drowsiness. Addictive and possibly fatal results may occur. Flurazepam users should only take this drug strictly as prescribed, and should only be taken directly before the user plans on sleeping a full night. Next day drowsiness is common. For other uses, see Ataxia (disambiguation). ...


Flurazepam is a Schedule IV drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances[2]. Convention on Psychotropic Substances Opened for signature February 21, 1971 in Vienna Entered into force August 16, 1976 Conditions for entry into force 40 ratifications Parties 175 The Convention on Psychotropic Substances is a United Nations treaty designed to control psychoactive drugs such as amphetamines, barbiturates, and psychedelics. ...


Pharmacology

Flurazepam has a very long elimination half life of 40-250 hours which means the effects of Flurazepam, after nighttime administration persist throughout the next day. Residual 'hangover' effects after nighttime administration of flurazepam such as sleepiness, impaired psychomotor and cognitive functions may persist into the next day which may impair the ability of users to drive safely and increase risks of falls and hip fractures.[1] Flurazepam shares cross tolerance with barbiturates and barbiturates can easily be subsituted for flurazepam in those who are habituated to barbiturate sedative hypnotics.[2] The half-life of a radioactive substance is the time required for half of a sample to undergo radioactive decay. ... Cognitive The scientific study of how people obtain, retrieve, store and manipulate information. ... A hip fracture is a fracture in the proximal end of the femur (the long bone running through the thigh), near the hip joint. ... Barbiturates are drugs that acts as central nervous system (CNS) depressants, and by virtue of this they produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to anesthesia. ...


There is preferential storage of flurazepam in some organs including the heart. Absortion by any administered route and the risk of accumulation is significantly increased in the neonate and there are clinical justification to recommend the withdrawal of flurazepam during pregnancy and breast feeding as flurazepam is excreted in breast milk.[3]


A hangover like effect occurs with flurazepam with impairment of mental arithmetic abilities. After disconinuation of flurazepam a rebound effect may occur about 4 days after discontinuation of medication.[4] (See benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome) Rebound effect is the tendency of a medication to effect a return of the symptom being treated when the medication is discontinued or when it is no longer effective. ... Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, caused by withdrawal or dosage reduction of benzodiazepines, is the symptoms which appear when a patient who has taken the drug for a period of time stops taking the drug. ...


Tolerance to the sedative sleep inducing properties of flurazepam occurs after only 7 days administration.[5]


References

  1. ^ Vermeeren A. (2004). "Residual effects of hypnotics: epidemiology and clinical implications.". CNS Drugs. 18 (5): 297-328. PMID 15089115. 
  2. ^ Rooke KC. (1976). "The use of flurazepam (dalmane) as a substitute for barbiturates and methaqualone/diphenhydramine (mandrax) in general practice.". J Int Med Res. 4 (5): 355-9. PMID 18375. 
  3. ^ Olive G; Dreux C. (Jan 1977). "Pharmacologic bases of use of benzodiazepines in peréinatal medicine.". Arch Fr Pediatr. 34(1): 74-89. PMID 851373. 
  4. ^ Hindmarch I. (Nov 1977). "A repeated dose comparison of three benzodiazepine derivative (nitrazepam, flurazepam and flunitrazepam) on subjective appraisals of sleep and measures of psychomotor performance the morning following night-time medication.". Acta Psychiatr Scand. 56 (5): 373-81. PMID 22990. 
  5. ^ Viukari M; Linnoila M, Aalto U. (Jan 1978). "Efficacy and side effects of flurazepam, fosazepam, and nitrazepam as sleeping aids in psychogeriatric patients.". Acta Psychiatr Scand. 57 (1): 27-35. PMID 24980. 

External links

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Benzodiazepines (N05BA, N05CD)
Adinazolam • Alprazolam • Arfendazam • Bentazepam • Bromazepam • Brotizolam • Camazepam • Chlordiazepoxide • Cinolazepam • Clazepam • Clobazam • Clonazepam • Clorazepate • Clotiazepam • Cloxazolam • Cyprazepam • Delorazepam • Diazepam • Doxefazepam • Estazolam • Ethyl loflazepate • Etizolam • Fletazepam • Fludiazepam • Flumazenil • fosazepam • Flunitrazepam • Flurazepam • Flutazolam • Flutoprazepam • Gidazepam • Halazepam • Haloxazolam • Ketazolam • Lofendazam • Loprazolam • Lorazepam • Lormetazepam • Medazepam • Metaclazepam • Mexazolam • Midazolam • Nimetazepam • Nitrazepam • Nordazepam • Oxazepam • Oxazolam • Phenazepam • Pinazepam • Pivoxazepam • Prazepam • Quazepam • Reclazepam • Ro15-4513 • Temazepam • Tetrazepam • Tofisopam • Triazolam • Zapizolam • Zolazepam

  Results from FactBites:
 
Flurazepam: Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders (703 words)
Flurazepam is used for the short-term treatment of insomnia, which is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling or staying asleep.
Flurazepam is a benzodiazepine, which means that it belongs to a class of drugs whose primary action is to reduce the patient'sanxiety, relax the skeletal muscles, and bring on sleep.
Flurazepam is chemically and pharmacologically related to such other benzodiazepine hypnotics as temazepam (Restoril), triazolam (Halcion), quazepam (Doral), and estazolam.
flurazepam - [Medication] (1163 words)
Flurazepam is in the FDA pregnancy category X. This means that it is known to cause birth defects in an unborn baby.
Flurazepam may increase the effects of other drugs that cause drowsiness or dizziness, including antidepressants, alcohol, sedatives (used to treat insomnia), other pain relievers, anxiety medicines, muscle relaxants, and antihistamines.
Flurazepam may increase the effects of other drugs that cause drowsiness or dizziness, including antidepressants, alcohol, sedatives (used to treat insomnia), other pain relievers, anxiety medicines, muscle relaxants, seizure medicines, and antihistamines.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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